Moving “Forward” in Plasmodium Genetics through a Transposon-Based Approach by Bharath Balu

“…The introduction of forward genetics has provided novel means to gain a better understanding of gene functions and their associated phenotypes in Plasmodium. Even with certain limitations, the technique has already shown significant promise to increase our understanding of parasite biology needed for rationalized drug and vaccine design. …”
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Genetic aspects of growth, feed efficiency and effects of selection on these traits in mice: a review by Orhan ÇETİN

“…ations between characters, but in the Jang- term they are only determined by fitness function of natural and directional selection, indepent of genetic and phenotypic corre!ations.…”
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Fleming's penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens by J. Houbraken, J.C. Frisvad, R.A. Samson

“…These species are phenotypically similar, but extrolite analysis shows that P. chrysogenum produces secalonic acid D and F and/or a metabolite related to lumpidin, while P. rubens does not produce these metabolites. …”
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Understanding the Mysterious M2 Macrophage through Activation Markers and Effector Mechanisms by Tamás Rőszer

“…The alternatively activated or M2 macrophages are immune cells with high phenotypic heterogeneity and are governing functions at the interface of immunity, tissue homeostasis, metabolism, and endocrine signaling. …”
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Current States of Opinion and Future Directions on the Epidemiology of Sex Differences in Human Pain by Jacob M Vigil

“…One of the most commonly neglected findings in the human pain literature is the observation of sex differences in the mechanisms that support the phenotypic expression of pain. The present commentary describes an assessment of the prevalence of observed sex differences in various pain processes, and of how expert pain researchers interpret the epidemiology and, hence, the proximate and ultimate causes of such differences. …”
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Current advances in multimodal imaging in geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration: A review by Amy C. Cohn, Robyn H. Guymer

“…This review discusses the evolution of MMI in GA and how it has led to a greater understanding of different phenotypes and risk factors for progression. These advancements have allowed novel imaging biomarkers to be used as end points in large interventional studies exploring new therapies for GA treatment. …”
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Diagnosis of Prenatal-Onset Achondrogenesis Type II by a Multidisciplinary Assessment: A Retrospective Study of 2 Cases by Wenbo Wang, Qichang Wu, Li Sun, Xiaohong Zhong, Yasong Xu, Xiaojian Xie, Zhiying Su

“…Achondrogenesis type II is a rare, lethal osteochondrodysplasia with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. We describe our experience in diagnosing prenatal-onset achondrogenesis type II by a multidisciplinary assessment. …”
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Immunosuppressive metabolites in tumoral immune evasion: redundancies, clinical efforts, and pathways forward by David Munn, Maria Rain Jennings, John Blazeck

“…Tumors accumulate metabolites that deactivate infiltrating immune cells and polarize them toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes. We provide a comprehensive review of the complex networks orchestrated by several of the most potent immunosuppressive metabolites, highlighting the impact of adenosine, kynurenines, prostaglandin E2, and norepinephrine and epinephrine, while discussing completed and ongoing clinical efforts to curtail their impact. …”
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Mitochondrial Stress Signaling Promotes Cellular Adaptations by Jayne Alexandra Barbour, Nigel Turner

“…Much of the research on mitochondrial dysfunction has focused on how mitochondrial damage may potentiate pathological phenotypes. The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the less well-studied mechanisms by which the cell adapts to mitochondrial perturbations. …”
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What we learned about headache during the COVID-19 pandemic: literature review by E. Januškevičiūtė, J. Grigaitė, K. Ryliškienė

“… Headache is one of the most common neurological symptoms associated with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), which can mimic primary headache phenotypes. COVID-19 and quarantine have affected both the course of primary headache and patient care strategies. …”
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Targeted SPP1 Inhibition of Tumor‐Associated Myeloid Cells Effectively Decreases Tumor Sizes by Benan Kartal, Christopher S. Garris, Hyung Shik Kim, Rainer H. Kohler, Jasmine Carrothers, Elias A. Halabi, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Anne‐Gaëlle Goubet, Yuxuan Xie, Pratyaksha Wirapati, Mikaël J. Pittet, Ralph Weissleder

“…Despite this, there is a lack of efficient TAM‐specific therapeutics capable of reducing SPP1 expression. Here, on a phenotypic screen is reported to identify small molecule SPP1 modulators in macrophages. …”
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A review of utility of wearable sensor technologies for older person frailty assessment by Chen Yixiao, Shen Hui, Song Quhong, Zeng Xiaoxi, Yue Jirong

“…Various multi-dimensional assessment instruments have been developed to quantify frailty phenotypes; we review the literature on wearable sensor technologies leveraged for older person frailty assessment. …”
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Hepatic macrophages in liver fibrosis: pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets by Hai Li, Hong You, Jidong Jia, Xu Fan

“…Some studies found that there are different types of hepatic macrophages in the liver, although others have suggested that hepatic macrophages could switch to different phenotypes in different environments. Many studies demonstrated that while hepatic macrophages promoted fibrosis through the recruitment of proinflammatory immune cells, and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the early stages, these also promoted the resolution of hepatic fibrosis through the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases in the late stages. …”
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Enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis by delaying immunosenescence triggered by fibroblast-like synoviocytes by Li Zhang, Yang Luo, Hai-Li Shen

“…During the progression of RA, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) exhibit tumor-like behavior, including increased proliferation, inflammation mediation, and aggressive phenotypes, leading to bone erosion. Additionally, T cells in RA acquire pro-inflammatory characteristics, exacerbating the inflammatory environment in affected joints and associated tissues. …”
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Prenatal Diagnosis of Cystic Hygroma related to a Deletion of 16q24.1 with Haploinsufficiency of FOXF1 and FOXC2 Genes by Matthew J. Garabedian, Donna Wallerstein, Nubia Medina, James Byrne, Robert J. Wallerstein

“…This case expands the phenotypic spectrum o f abnormalities of the FOXF1 and FOXC2 genes, as it seems within the spectrum of function that disruption of the FOX gene cluster would lead to include abnormalities of prenatal onset. …”
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Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss in Glaucoma and Glaucoma Surgery and the Utility of Management with Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) by Neeru A Vallabh, Stephnie Kennedy, Riccardo Vinciguerra, Keri McLean, Hannah Levis, Davide Borroni, Vito Romano, Colin E Willoughby

“…Given the high prevalence of glaucoma worldwide, this review aims to explore the abnormalities observed in the corneal endothelium in differing glaucoma phenotypes and glaucoma therapies (medical or surgical including with new generation microinvasive glaucoma surgeries). …”
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Hernia uterine inguinale as an intraoperative diagnosis of male pseudohermaphroditism: case report by Darit A. Molinares-Perez, Hernando Thorné-Velez, Andrés Polanía-Alvarez, David Cerra-Ortegón, Alex Melo, Rafael Arraut

“…llerian duct in a patient phenotypically and occasionally genotypically expressed as a normal male. …”
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Influence of Maternal Immunization with Allergens on the Thymic Maturation of Lymphocytes with Regulatory Potential in Children: A Broad Field for Further Exploration by Jefferson Russo Victor

“…The passive transfer of antigens, antibodies, and cytokines, the induction of phenotypic alterations in offspring lymphocytes, and the induction of regulatory populations in offspring have been proposed, but these mechanisms remain incompletely understood. …”
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The evolutionarydynamics of a population model with a strong Allee effect by Jim M. Cushing

“…The model is a nonlinear, planeautonomous system whose state variables are population density and the meanof a phenotypic trait, which is subject to Darwinian evolution, thatdetermines the population's inherent (low density) growth rate (fitness). …”
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From Images to Genes: Radiogenomics Based on Artificial Intelligence to Achieve Non‐Invasive Precision Medicine in Cancer Patients by Yusheng Guo, Tianxiang Li, Bingxin Gong, Yan Hu, Sichen Wang, Lian Yang, Chuansheng Zheng

“…Radiogenomics is originally defined as a methodology for associating gene expression information from high‐throughput technologies with imaging phenotypes. However, with advancements in medical imaging, high‐throughput omics technologies, and artificial intelligence, both the concept and application of radiogenomics have significantly broadened. …”
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