Improved plant biomass production under low nitrogen conditions through conditional accumulation of the second messenger, guanosine tetraphosphate, in chloroplasts and mitochondria by Mina Goto, Takanari Nemoto, Kazuma Sakoda, Atsushi Sakurai, Sousuke Imamura, Shinji Masuda

“…Specifically, we fused a chloroplast or mitochondrial transit-peptide to the N-terminus of the bacterial ppGpp synthase YjbM, which was conditionally expressed by an estrogen-inducible promoter in Arabidopsis. …”
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Transition from Hepatopulmonary Syndrome to Portopulmonary Hypertension: A Case Series of 3 Patients by Radhika Zopey, Irawan Susanto, Igor Barjaktarevic, Tisha Wang

“…Another theory involves the possible differential binding of endothelin-1, a vasoactive signaling peptide that induces vasoconstriction when bound to receptor A and vasodilation when bound to receptor B. …”
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Utility of 131I-HLX58-Der for the Precision Treatment: Evaluation of a Preclinical Radio-Antibody-Drug-Conjugate Approach in Mouse Models by Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang N, He S, Zhang J, Xu X, Song S

“…The cytotoxic effects of the RADC were evaluated in CLDN18.2-positive tumor cell lines and xenografts.Results: HLX58 was successfully conjugated with DXd using the cleavable maleimide GGFG peptide linker and labeled with 131I to produce RADC-131I-HLX58-Der. …”
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Comparison of GLP-1RAs vs Other Pharmacotherapy for Obesity by Andrew Overholser, Eric Czech, Linda Speer, Joel Wilson, Alex Overholser

“…The current United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pharmaceutical therapy choices for long-term use include a combination of phentermine-topiramate, combination bupropion-naltrexone, orlistat, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and dual action GLP-1RAs and gastric inhibitory peptide agonists (GIP). …”
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Exploring the association between tissue sodium content, heart failure subtypes, and symptom burden: insights from magnetic resonance imaging by Djawid Hashemi, Djawid Hashemi, Djawid Hashemi, Djawid Hashemi, Karl Jakob Weiß, Karl Jakob Weiß, Karl Jakob Weiß, Patrick Doeblin, Patrick Doeblin, Patrick Doeblin, Moritz Blum, Radu Tanacli, Radu Tanacli, Radu Tanacli, Hana Camdzic, Hana Camdzic, Hans-Dirk Düngen, Hans-Dirk Düngen, Frank Edelmann, Frank Edelmann, Frank Edelmann, Titus Kuehne, Titus Kuehne, Titus Kuehne, Marcus Kelm, Marcus Kelm, Marcus Kelm, Sebastian Kelle, Sebastian Kelle, Sebastian Kelle

“…No significant correlations were found between tissue sodium content and renal function (eGFR) or natriuretic peptide levels (NT-proBNP) in any HF group overall. …”
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Cardio-metabolic-related plasma proteins reveal biological links between cardiovascular diseases and fragility fractures: a cohort and Mendelian randomisation investigationResearch... by Karl Michaëlsson, Rui Zheng, John A. Baron, Tove Fall, Alicja Wolk, Lars Lind, Jonas Höijer, Carl Brunius, Eva Warensjö Lemming, Olga E. Titova, Bodil Svennblad, Susanna C. Larsson, Shuai Yuan, Håkan Melhus, Liisa Byberg, Hannah L. Brooke

“…Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis supported causality since genetically predicted levels of SOST (Sclerostin), CCDC80 (Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 80), NT-proBNP (N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide), and BNP (Brain natriuretic peptide) were associated with risk of hip fracture. …”
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The Pathophysiological Relationship Between Migraine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Literature Review by Noor Elkurwi, Qabas Elkurwi

“…The most recent hypothesis suggests the following: migraine is caused by an increased release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the trigeminal ganglion, which will cause an increase in nitric oxide and IL-1β, resulting in vasodilation and inducing hyperalgesia. …”
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Choosing between GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and DPP-4 Inhibitors: A Pharmacological Perspective by Dominique Xavier Brown, Marc Evans

“…The incretin therapies focus on the increasing levels of the two incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). …”
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Assessment of Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis with Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography by Jason E. Streeter, Ryan C. Gessner, James Tsuruta, Steven Feingold, Paul A. Dayton

“…MI was performed on rat fibrosarcoma tumors (n = 8) of similar sizes using MCAs conjugated with a cyclic RGD peptide targeted to α v β 3 integrin. US MI and immunohistochemical analyses show high microbubble targeting variability, suggesting that individual two-dimensional (2D) acquisitions risk misrepresenting more complex heterogeneous tissues. …”
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Autoantibodies as Diagnostic Markers and Mediator of Joint Inflammation in Arthritis by Qinghua Fang, Jiaxin Ou, Kutty Selva Nandakumar

“…These autoantibodies (anticitrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPAs), rheumatoid factors (RF), anticollagen type II antibodies, antiglucose-6 phosphate isomerase antibodies, anticarbamylated protein antibodies, and antiacetylated protein antibodies) have different characteristics, diagnostic/prognostic value, and pathological significance in RA patients. …”
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Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase and the Neuroprotective Function of Conjugated ZnO-Osthol Nanoparticles in Alzheimer’s Disease by Nahed S. Alharthi, Fahad M. Aldakheel, Abdulkarim S. Binshaya

“…A critical factor in the cause and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the growth of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the brain. The mechanism of this effect is still unknown, although the effect of osthol on Aβ-induced inflammation is neuroprotective in AD and supplementation with zinc might prevent or delay the onset of dementia. …”
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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by María Isabel del Olmo-Garcia, Juan Francisco Merino-Torres

“…Among all the drugs available, the compounds known as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) appear to be not just innocuous in terms of CVD but indeed to be beneficial. …”
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Hyperglycemia in Type I Diabetic Developing Male Rats by Hany N. Yousef, Samia M. Sakr, Sahar A. Sabry

“…Diabetic rats showed marked impairment (p<0.05) in serum levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) in addition to disruption of the calculated values of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), pancreatic β cell function (HOMA-β), and oxidative stress index (OSI). …”
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Approaches to the Modulation of Abdominal Pain by Emeran A Mayer, Tony Lembo, Lin Chang

“…Even though the precise mechanisms and sites underlying these alterations remain incompletely understood, plausible targets for the development of effective pharmacological treatments are receptors on peripheral terminals of visceral afferent nerves (opioids and serotonin), ion channels and receptors on dorsal horn neurons within the spinal cord (opioids, glutamate, calcitonin gene-related peptide and neurokinin-1), and supraspinal targets in the brainstem within the limbic system and in the prefrontal cortex (serotonin, catecholamines, dopamine and acetylcholine). …”
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Ghrelin Protects against the Detrimental Consequences of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Akt Inactivation through S-Nitrosylation on Salivary Mucin Synthesis by Bronislaw L. Slomiany, Amalia Slomiany

“…Further, we demonstrate that a peptide hormone, ghrelin, countered the LPS-induced impairment in mucin synthesis. …”
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Feasibility and Safety of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Adults with Heart Failure after the Fontan Procedure by Jun Muneuchi, Yuichiro Sugitani, Masaru Kobayashi, Hiroki Ezaki, Hiromu Yamada, Mamie Watanabe

“…In addition, administration of a SGLT-2 inhibitor resulted in weight loss (4/5), an increase in systemic oxygen saturation (4/5), an increase in serum albumin level (4/5), an increase in estimated glomerular filtration ratio (4/5), and a decrease in plasma brain natriuretic peptide level (4/5). Our case series supported the feasibility and safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with Fontan circulatory failure, although the exact changes in urinary output were unknown in all patients. …”
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Computational design of multi-epitope vaccine against Hepatitis C Virus infection using immunoinformatics techniques. by Sara Zubair, Fahed Parvaiz, Turki Abualait, Khalid Al-Regaiey, Tasneem Anwar, Mahnoor Zafar, Imdad Kaleem, Shahid Bashir

“…In this study, we used an array of immunoinformatics approaches to design a multiepitope peptide-based vaccine against HCV by emphasizing 6 conserved epitopes from viral protein NS5B. …”
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Differential Modulation of Annexin I Binding Sites on Monocytes and Neutrophils by H. S. Euzger, R. J. Flower, N. J. Goulding, M. Perretti

“…Removal of annexin I binding sites from monocytes with elastase rendered monocytes functionally insensitive to full length annexin I or to the annexin I-derived pharmacophore, peptide Ac2-26, assessed as suppression of the respiratory burst. …”
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De novo transcriptome assembly of Aureobasidium melanogenum CGMCC18996 to analyze the β-poly(L-malic acid) biosynthesis pathway under the CaCO3 addition by Genan Wang, Haisong Yin, Tingbin Zhao, Donglin Yang, Shiru Jia, Changsheng Qiao

“…The result indicated that with the CaCO3 addition, the tricarboxylic cycle (TCA) cycle and glyoxylate pathway were up-regulated, and it also found that a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) like protein was highly expressed. …”
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IGF-1 Restores Visual Cortex Plasticity in Adult Life by Reducing Local GABA Levels by José Fernando Maya-Vetencourt, Laura Baroncelli, Alessandro Viegi, Ettore Tiraboschi, Eero Castren, Antonino Cattaneo, Lamberto Maffei

“…Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a peptide implicated in prenatal and postnatal phases of brain development such as neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis, and experience-dependent plasticity. …”
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