Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Lispro and Aspart Evaluated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes by Bing-li Liu, Guo-ping Yin, Feng-fei Li, Yun Hu, Jin-dan Wu, Mao-yuan Chen, Lei Ye, Xiao-fei Su, Jian-hua Ma

“…Treatments were maintained for 2-3 weeks after the glycaemic target was reached. C-peptide and insulin and fructosamine were determined. …”
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Sulforaphane Wrapped in Self-Assembled Nanomicelle Enhances the Effect of Sonodynamic Therapy on Glioma by Yihong Li, Xuejie Yang, Zhen Wei, Heng Niu, Liyang Wu, Caijing Chen, Huina Liu, Ting Cai, Huadong Fan

“…<b>Results/Conclusions:</b> SFN@RB@SPM can be internalized by the glioma cells through the tumor-targeting motif RGDS (abbreviated for the peptide sequence composed of arginine, glycine, aspartic acid, and serine), and further executes antitumor function during SDT. …”
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Unveiling risk factors: a prognostic model of frequent peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients by Qi-jiang Xu, Qi-jiang Xu, Zhi-yun Zang, Xue-li Zhou, Xue-li Zhou, Ni-ya Ma, Li Pu, Li Pu, Zi Li

“…In the training set, we found several independent risk factors significantly associated with frequent episodes in PDAP patients, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hemoglobin (HB), serum albumin (ALB), lactatic dehydrogenase (LDH), serum potassium (K), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and peritoneal dialysate white cell counts on day 1. …”
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Distal protein-protein interactions contribute to nirmatrelvir resistance by Eric M. Lewandowski, Xiujun Zhang, Haozhou Tan, Aiden Jaskolka-Brown, Navita Kohaal, Aliaksandra Frazier, Jesper J. Madsen, Lian M. C. Jacobs, Jun Wang, Yu Chen

“…To probe the role of the non-active site mutations in fitness rescue, here we use an Mpro triple mutant (L50F/E166A/L167F) that confers nirmatrelvir drug resistance with a viral fitness level similar to the wild-type. By comparing peptide and full-length Mpro protein as substrates, we demonstrate that the binding of Mpro substrate involves more than residues in the active site. …”
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The Use of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1RA in Frail Older People with Diabetes: A Personalised Approach Is Required by Alan J. Sinclair, Ahmed H. Abdelhafiz

“…<b>Background:</b> Frailty is an increasingly recognised complication of diabetes in older people and should be taken into consideration in management plans, including the use of the new therapies of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). The frailty syndrome appears to span across a spectrum, from a sarcopenic obese phenotype at one end, characterised by obesity, insulin resistance, and prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, to an anorexic malnourished phenotype at the other end, characterised by significant weight loss, reduced insulin resistance, and less prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. …”
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Spatial transcriptomic analysis drives PET imaging of tight junction protein expression in pancreatic cancer theranostics by James Wang, Jai Woong Seo, Aris J. Kare, Martin Schneider, Mallesh Pandrala, Spencer K. Tumbale, Marina N. Raie, Gokce Engudar, Nisi Zhang, Yutong Guo, Xiaoxu Zhong, Sofia Ferreira, Bo Wu, Laura D. Attardi, Guillem Pratx, Andrei Iagaru, Ryan L. Brunsing, Gregory W. Charville, Walter G. Park, Katherine W. Ferrara

“…Claudin-4 expression increases ~16 fold in cancer as compared with normal pancreas, and tight junction localization confers low background for imaging in normal tissue. We develop a peptide-based molecular imaging agent targeted to claudin-4 with accumulation to ~25% injected activity per cubic centimeter (IA/cc) in metastases and ~18% IA/cc in tumors. …”
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Identification of HPV16 E1 and E2-specific T cells in the oropharyngeal cancer tumor microenvironment by Christine McInnis, Lakshmi Srinivasan, Anthony J Coyle, Shilpa Bhatia, Glenn J Hanna, Ann Marie Egloff, Brinda Vijaykumar, Qiaomu Tian, Yanbo Sun, Del Leistritz-Edwards, Charles T Quinn, Ravi Uppaluri, Daniel C Pregibon

“…We used single-cell analysis with encoded peptide-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tetramers to analyze HPV16+ and HPV33+ OPSCC tumors, characterizing the ex vivo cellular responses to HPV-derived antigens presented in major Class I and Class II HLA alleles.Results We identified robust cytotoxic T-cell responses to HPV16 proteins E1 and E2 that were shared across multiple patients, particularly in HLA-A*01:01 and HLA-B*08:01. …”
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Complement C5a Alters the Membrane Potential of Neutrophils during Hemorrhagic Shock by David A. C. Messerer, Stephanie Denk, Karl J. Föhr, Rebecca Halbgebauer, Christian K. Braun, Felix Hönes, Julia Harant, Michael Fauler, Manfred Frick, Benedikt L. Nußbaum, Peter Radermacher, Sebastian Hafner, Markus S. Huber-Lang

“…PMN showed a significant dose- and time-dependent depolarization in response to C5a with a strong response after one minute. The chemotactic peptide fMLP also evoked a significant shift in the membrane potential of PMN. …”
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Ionized and total magnesium levels and health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Juhaina Salim Al-Maqbali, Salwa Al Harasi, Qasim Al Mamary, Henrik Falhammar, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Mohammed Al Za’abi, Abdullah M. Al Alawi

“…The study included adult patients with T2DM treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA), insulin, glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) injections or their combinations. …”
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The intervention of curcumin on rodent models of hepatic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Yun-Hang Chu, Bing-Yao Pang, Ming Yang, Qi Meng, Yan Leng

“…The outcome indicators included liver cell structure and function related indicators, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G), total bilirubin (TBIL), bax protein, bcl-2 protein and index of liver, as well as the relevant indicators for evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type I collagen (Collagen I), type III collagen (Collagen III), type III procollagen (PCIII), type III procollagen amino terminal peptide (PIIINP), type IV collagen (IV-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), hydroxyproline (HYP), platelet derived factor-BB (PDGF-BB), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and oxidative stress-related indicators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). …”
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Long term cost-effectiveness analysis of IDegLira in the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients compared to GLP-1RA added to basal insulin after IDegLira entered the national reimbu... by Dunming Xiao, Junling Weng, Lei Zhang, Chang Xing, Yan Wei, Yingyao Chen

“…<h4>Background</h4>Degludec insulin liraglutide injection is the world's first and only approved basal insulin GLP-1RA injection in China (GLP-1RA stands for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of IDegLira versus GLP-1RA added to basal insulin regimen (combined regimen) for patients with type 2 diabetes in China.…”
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Relationship between Ca2+ and cAMP as second messengers in ACTH-induced cortisol production in bovine adrenal fasciculata cells by Masahiko Kutsukake, Naoko Kuwabara, Yoshikazu Miyate, Kenzo Kudo, Shoko Goto, Eiichi Taira, Eiichi Tachikawa

“…In contrast, treatment of the cells with the peptide at a higher concentration (1 nM) significantly augmented both cortisol production and cAMP content. …”
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Basal-Supported Oral Therapy with Sitagliptin Counteracts Rebound Hyperglycemia Caused by GLP-1 Tachyphylaxis by Shu Meguro, Toshihide Kawai, Tomohiro Matsuhashi, Motoaki Sano, Keiichi Fukuda, Hiroshi Itoh, Yoshihiko Suzuki

“…Treatment with a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog fails in some patients due to rebound hyperglycemia caused by tachyphylaxis (GLP-1 tachyphylaxis). …”
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A new scheme for boosting in situ Fenton-like reaction in plant pathogenic tissues for selective structural degradation of capsid proteins by Jun Ma, Ming Chen, Yujie Wang, Jiaying Li, Jian Tang, Shengjun Wu, Chi He, J. Paul Chen

“…Based on a high-resolution 2.91 Å CP model that was constructed for the first time, this degradation process is likely driven by hydrophobic interactions between tCuinter-bCDs and CP residues MET1, VAL5, THR55, and THR58, along with hydrogen bonds formed with THR4, VAL5, GLY15, PRO57, and ALA59, thereby promoting degradation of adjacent peptide segments. This represents the first study demonstrating in situ Fenton-like reactions to combat pathogens in plant systems. …”
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Novel Insights into the Nobilamide Family from a Deep-Sea <i>Bacillus</i>: Chemical Diversity, Biosynthesis and Antimicrobial Activity Towards Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria by Vincenza Casella, Gerardo Della Sala, Silvia Scarpato, Carmine Buonocore, Costanza Ragozzino, Pietro Tedesco, Daniela Coppola, Giovanni Andrea Vitale, Donatella de Pascale, Fortunato Palma Esposito

“…Finally, in silico analysis of <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> BCP32 genome revealed nobilamide biosynthesis to be directed by a previously unknown heptamodular nonribosomal peptide synthetase.…”
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The predictive value of optic nerve sheath diameter measurement via ultrasound for intracerebral hemorrhage complicated by cerebral-cardiac syndrome by Wei-Ze Fan, Jun-Rong Jiang, Hui-Ling Zang, Hui Cheng, Xiao-Hui Shen, Wen-Juan Yang, Hui Wang, Li-Xing Jing

“…Various clinical parameters, including sex, age, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, myocardial markers, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, ONSD, hematoma volume, and midline shift, were assessed. …”
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Short-term predictive value of sST2 in patients with STEMI following primary PCI: a prospective observational study by Shan Huang, Lu-Jiao Yu, Guang-Feng Sun, Zi-Xin Zhang

“…High sST2 group had higher MACEs rate compared to low sST2 group (28.8% vs. 8.0%, P = 0.001). sST2 was positively correlated with age (r = 0.181, P = 0.027), SYNTAX score (r = 0.257, P = 0.002), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r = 0.225, P = 0.006), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (r = 0.225, P = 0.006) and negatively with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (r = -0.197, P = 0.016). …”
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Potential common targets of music therapy intervention in neuropsychiatric disorders: the prefrontal cortex-hippocampus -amygdala circuit (a review) by Yuqin Dan, Ying Xiong, Danghan Xu, Yuqi Wang, Meng Yin, Pengwei Sun, Yi Ding, Ziyun Feng, Peng Sun, Weili Xia, Gongchang Yu, Gongchang Yu, Li Li, Li Li

“…This may be closely related to the release of signaling molecules such as monoamine neurotransmitters, the glutamatergic system, the gut-microbiota-brain axis, pro-inflammatory cytokines and the endogenous opioid peptide system. However, fewer studies have mentioned the main targets of music to promote functional changes in brain regions. …”
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Discovery of the bacterial HslV protease activators as lead molecules with novel mode of action by Aurangzeb Sana, Aurongzeb Muhammad, Shamim Shahbaz, Rashid Yasmeen, Khan Khalid Mohammed, Aziz Tariq, Alharbi Metab, Alasmari Abdullah F.

“…This study not only presents more potent small non-peptide activators of the HslV protease but also enhances the understanding regarding the mechanism of HslVU complex activation via small non-peptidic molecules.…”
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Currently prescribed drugs in the UK that could upregulate or downregulate ACE2 in COVID-19 disease: a systematic review by Paul Little, Simon J Griffin, Hajira Dambha-Miller, Nazrul Islam, Ali Albasri, Christopher R Wilcox, Sam Hodgson, Shareen Khan

“…More studies reported upregulation than downregulation with ACE-I (n=22), ARBs (n=55), insulin (n=8), thiazolidinedione (n=7) aldosterone agonists (n=3), statins (n=5), oestrogens (n=5) calcium channel blockers (n=3) glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists (n=2) and Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (n=2).Conclusions There is an abundance of the academic literature and media reports on the potential of drugs that could attenuate or exacerbate COVID-19 disease. …”
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