A Case of Rafiq Syndrome (MAN1B1-CDG) in a Palestinian Child, With Brief Literature Review of 44 Cases by Reema Iskafi MD, Bahaa AbuRahmeh MD, Roa’a Aljuneidi MD, Hidaya AlShweiki MD, Siraj Abdelnabi MD, Anas Abukhalaf MBBS, Bara’ Maraqa PBoS

“…This constellation of manifestations raised suspicion of a genetic disorder, prompting whole exome sequencing (WES), which revealed the presence of a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the MAN1B1 gene (c.1976T>G)(p.Phe659Cys). …”
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Evaluation of the Microbiota and Integrity of Respirators Reused by Health Professionals in a Hospital Environment by José D. Paiva, Giselda Neves, Paulo C. Neto, Wanuska Portugal, Douglas Ferreira, Fernando Lundgren, Idalina Cambuim, Ana C. Paiva, Elvis França

“…Considering the findings regarding the presence and pathogenicity of microorganisms, it is possible that the reuse of respirators for up to 36 h does not harm the health of immunocompetent users. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the LRR-RLK Gene Family in Two Vernicia Species by Huiping Zhu, Yangdong Wang, Hengfu Yin, Ming Gao, Qiyan Zhang, Yicun Chen

“…Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) make up the largest group of RLKs in plants and play important roles in many key biological processes such as pathogen response and signal transduction. To date, most studies on LRR-RLKs have been conducted on model plants. …”
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Sequential transcriptome profiling: comparative analysis of normal and canine lymphoma preceding detailed T-cell and B-cell subtype comparison by Yeji Kim, Yeji Kim, Jihyun Kim, Jihyun Kim, Yunji Song, Yunji Song, Keunhwan Jang, Se Eun Kim, Se Eun Kim, Se Eun Kim, Ha-Jung Kim, Ha-Jung Kim

“…Additionally, noteworthy genes, including IKZF2, CCL4, SAA1, and CD40, exhibited differential expression in the TCL group compared to the B-cell lymphoma (BCL) group.DiscussionThe upregulation of HERC5 may impact on canine lymphoma pathogenicity. Furthermore, the upregulation of IKZF2, CCL4, and SAA1, along with the downregulation of CD40, may contribute to adverse clinical characteristics of TCL in dogs.…”
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Controlling Listeria monocytogenes Scott A on Surfaces of Fully Cooked Turkey Deli Product Using Organic Acid-Containing Marinades as Postlethality Dips by Gerardo Casco, Jennifer L. Johnson, T. Matthew Taylor, Carlos N. Gaytán, Mindy M. Brashears, Christine Z. Alvarado

“…The application of the SL/PL/SDA treatment to turkey product surfaces extended the lag phase through 42 d, with pathogen numbers declining after 21 d. Combination organic acid dips prolonged the lag phase for 2 to 6 wk on turkey product surfaces and can be useful as antimicrobial agents for Lm control on postlethality exposed sliced deli products.…”
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A phylogenetic epidemiology approach to predicting the establishment of multi-host plant pests by Shannon Colleen Lynch, Edeli Reyes-Gonzalez, Emily L. Bossard, Karen S. Alarcon, Natalie L. R. Love, Allan D. Hollander, Beatriz E. Nobua-Behrmann, Gregory S. Gilbert

“…Here, we develop a phylogenetically-informed approach to predict establishment of emergent multi-host pests across heterogeneous landscapes. We model a beetle-pathogen symbiotic complex on trees, introduced from Southeast Asia to California. …”
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Structural characteristics, functions, and counteracting strategies of biofilms in Staphylococcus aureus by Yanze Xia, Zhenghui Hu, Qiyuan Jin, Qi Chen, Chenhao Zhao, Rui Qiang, Zonggang Xie, Liubing Li, Haifang Zhang

“…Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a prevalent pathogen associated with a wide range of infections, exhibiting significant antibiotic resistance and posing therapeutic challenges in clinical settings. …”
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Immunosuppression Induced by Chronic Inflammation and the Progression to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Yujuan Sun, Nan Liu, Xiaobing Guan, Hongru Wu, Zheng Sun, Hui Zeng

“…We investigated the roles of inflammatory mediators and infiltrating immunocytes in the pathogenic progression of OLK and OLP to OSCC. The occurrence of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and proinflammatory cytokines were investigated in OLK, OLP, and OSCC tissues. …”
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Pig herd management and infection transmission dynamics: a challenge for modellers by Sicard, Vianney, Picault, Sébastien, Andraud, Mathieu

“…The control of epidemics requires a thorough understanding of the complex interactions between pathogen transmission, disease impact, and population dynamics and management. …”
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Antimicrobial peptide AP2 ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection by modulating gut microbiota by Lianglan Li, Qiufen Mo, Yi Wan, Yuanhao Zhou, Weiqin Li, Weifen Li

“…Abstract Background Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and proteins are essential for shaping and maintaining a healthy gut microbiota, contributing to anti-inflammatory responses and resistance to pathogen colonization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) infection is one of the most frequently reported bacterial diseases worldwide. …”
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Liver diseases: epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions by Can Gan, Yuan Yuan, Haiyuan Shen, Jinhang Gao, Xiangxin Kong, Zhaodi Che, Yangkun Guo, Hua Wang, Erdan Dong, Jia Xiao

“…Various factors including viruses, alcohol, metabolites, toxins, and other pathogenic agents can compromise liver function, leading to acute or chronic injury that may progress to end-stage liver diseases. …”
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Truncated SPAG9 as a novel candidate gene for a new syndrome: Coarse facial features, albinism, cataract and developmental delay (CACD syndrome) by Majid Alfadhel, Bashayr S. Alhubayshi, Muhammad Umair, Ahmed Alfaidi, Deemah Alwadaani, Essra Aloyouni, Safdar Abbas, Abdulkareem Al Abdulrahman, Mohammed Aldrees, Abeer Al Tuwaijri, Ruaa S. Alharithy, Abdulaziz Alajlan, Abdulrahman Alswaid, Saad Almohrij, Sultan Al-Khenaizan

“…Furthermore, RT-qPCR revealed a substantial reduction of SPAG9 gene expression at the mRNA level in the affected individuals of both families, thus supporting the pathogenic nature of the identified variant. For the first time in the literature, biallelic SPAG9 gene variation was linked to multisystem-exhibiting features like coarse facial features, albinism, cataracts, skeletal abnormalities, and developmental delay. …”
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The mutational spectrum of NRAS gene discovers a novel frameshift mutation (E49R) in Saudi colorectal cancer patients by Mahmood Rasool, Absarul Haque, Mohammed Alharthi, Abdulrahman Sibiany, Mohammed Saad Alamri, Samer Mohammed Hassan Alqarni, Irfan A. Rather, Adeel G. Chaudhary, Sajjad Karim, Peter Natesan Pushparaj

“…The aim of this study was to identify pathogenic mutations in the NRAS gene causing colorectal cancer in the Saudi population. …”
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Large Rearrangements in Genes Responsible for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, <i>MUTYH</i>-Associated Polyposis and Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome in Russian Patients by A. N. Loginova, Yu. A. Shelygin, V. P. Shubin, A. M. Kuzminov, D. Yu. Pikunov, T. A. Saveleva, A. S. Tsukanov

“…Routine use of MLPA method makes it possible to increase the total frequency of detection of pathogenic variants in the APC and STK11 genes above 90 %. …”
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FLUed: A Novel Four-Layer Model for Simulating Epidemic Dynamics and Assessing Intervention Policies by Chung-Yuan Huang, Tzai-Hung Wen, Yu-Shiuan Tsai

“…From the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic, to the 2009 swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, to the projected highly pathogenic avian influenza A event, emerging infectious diseases highlight the importance of computational epidemiology to assess potential intervention policies. …”
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Establishment of a Mutant Library for Infection Cushion Development and Identification of a Key Regulatory Gene in <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> by Maoyao Tang, Kexin Wang, Pan Zhang, Jie Hou, Xiaoqian Yu, Hongfu Wang, Yangyizhou Wang, Guihua Li

“…Our findings provide valuable insights into the genetic and molecular basis of IC formation and offer new targets for controlling <i>B. cinerea</i> pathogenicity.…”
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Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HNU082 intervention on fungi and bacteriophages in different intestinal segments of mice by Xinlei Liu, Zhe Han, Wenyao Ma, Weipeng Cui, Dongyu Zhen, Shuaiming Jiang, Jiachao Zhang

“…The relative abundance of pathogenic fungi, such as Candida albicans, decreased in the small intestine. …”
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Outbreak of acute diarrhea in children: Clinical manifestations, treatment, source of drinking water, and fecal microbiome analysis in region of West Sumatra Province, Indonesia by Dianne Jurnalis Yusri, Yugatama Andyan, Azka Neila, Fenobileri Nice

“…Fecal samples identified Escherichia coli as the primary pathogen responsible for the outbreak. The findings emphasize the importance of nutrition status, prompt medical treatment including probiotics and proper antibiotics as an effective treatment protocol and highlight urgent need to enhance water quality and sanitation to prevent diarrhea outbreaks in the future.…”
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Recent advances in bacterial outer membrane vesicles: Effects on the immune system, mechanisms and their usage for tumor treatment by Shuo Xiang, Qiufang Yao, Arshad Khan, Dong Wang

“…Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by gram-negative bacteria are nanoscale lipid bilayer structures rich in bacterial antigens, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), various proteins, and vesicle structures. …”
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IL-34 Suppresses Candida albicans Induced TNFα Production in M1 Macrophages by Downregulating Expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 by Rong Xu, Hong-Fan Sun, David W. Williams, Adam V. Jones, Ali Al-Hussaini, Bing Song, Xiao-Qing Wei

“…Candida albicans is a fungus that is an opportunistic pathogen of humans. Normally, C. albicans exists as a harmless commensal and does not trigger inflammatory responses by resident macrophages in skin mucosa, which may be caused by a tolerance of skin macrophage to C. albicans. …”
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