Targeting Nrf2/KEAP1 signaling pathway using bioactive compounds to combat mastitis by Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Liangliang Li, Yandong Zhan, Huang Binjiang, Xiaotong Liu, Xiyan Kou, Adnan Khan, Abdul Qadeer, Qudrat Ullah, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Tongtong Wang, Changfa Wang, Muhammad Zahoor

“…When activated by bioactive compound treatment, Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus and induces the expression of its target genes to exert antioxidant responses. This reduces pathogen-induced oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting NF-kB signaling in the mammary glands, one of the prominent pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. …”
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Free DNA in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Fluids Correlates with Airflow Obstruction by Veronica Marcos, Zhe Zhou-Suckow, Ali Önder Yildirim, Alexander Bohla, Andreas Hector, Ljubomir Vitkov, Wolf Dietrich Krautgartner, Walter Stoiber, Matthias Griese, Oliver Eickelberg, Marcus A. Mall, Dominik Hartl

“…CF airways are characterized by a nonresolving neutrophilic inflammation. After pathogen contact or prolonged activation, neutrophils release DNA fibres decorated with antimicrobial proteins, forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). …”
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Mycoparasitic transcription factor 1 (BcMTF1) participates in the Botrytis cinerea response against Trichoderma atroviride by Consuelo Olivares-Yañez, Nicolas Arias-Inostroza, Ruben Polanco, Paulo Canessa

“…However, the molecular processes involved in this fungal-fungal interaction, particularly regarding the defense mechanisms of the pathogen, have yet to be deeply studied. Here, we investigated the transcriptional defense responses of B. cinerea to T. atroviride. …”
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Acute Glomerulonephritis in a Child with Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection: A Case Report by Giovanna Vitaliti, Raffaele Falsaperla, Leandra Giunta, Giuseppina Spataro, Venerando Rapisarda, Mario Velardita, Giuseppe Nunnari, Piero Pavone

“…Infectious diseases seem to be an important and independent risk factor for renal failure, but the underlying mechanism of renal involvement during some kinds of infectious diseases is still unclear, even if the literature data report immunomediated and/or autoimmune mechanisms to explain the pathogenic relationship between the two diseases. In paediatric patients, Chlamydia pneumoniae is a rare cause of renal complications and it may manifest in several ways, mainly involving the respiratory system, even if also renal and glomerulalr complications, have been described. …”
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Association of Acinetobacter baumannii EF-Tu with Cell Surface, Outer Membrane Vesicles, and Fibronectin by Shatha F. Dallo, Bailin Zhang, James Denno, Soonbae Hong, Anyu Tsai, Williams Haskins, Jing Yong Ye, Tao Weitao

“…Here we investigated it with Acinetobacter baumannii, an emerging opportunistic pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of infectious diseases. …”
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Chronic Kidney Disease, Obesity, and Hypertension: The Role of Leptin and Adiponectin by M. Tesauro, A. Mascali, O. Franzese, S. Cipriani, C. Cardillo, N. Di Daniele

“…In contrast, a decline of adiponectin levels has been shown to be related to a picture of hypertension: an endothelial dysfunction has been described as the main pathogenic mechanism responsible for this phenomenon.…”
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The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms by Wenli Jiao, Jiayi Lin, Yanfang Deng, Yelin Ji, Chuoyi Liang, Sijia Wei, Xi Jing, Fengxia Yan

“…Unraveling these multifaceted immune-mediated mechanisms provides insights into major depressive disorder’s pathogenic basis and potential biomarkers and targets. …”
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Elaidic acid-induced intestinal barrier damage led to gut-liver axis derangement and triggered NLRP3 inflammasome in the liver of SD rats by Hui Liu, Xuenan Li, Lu Li, Yucai Li, Haiyang Yan, Yong Pang, Wenliang Li, Yuan Yuan

“…Plus, EA induced translocation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the above pathogenic bacteria, disrupted the intestinal barrier, led to gut-liver axis derangement and TLR4 pathway activation in the liver. …”
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Preparation and Efficacy of Microemulsion Carvacrol-Based Fruit and Vegetable Cleaner and Its Application on Cherry Tomatoes by Yanshuo Wang, Dianjun Sun, Yinghan Zhang, Yichong Zhou, Ruyi Jin, Xiaoli Peng, Jian Li

“…The study found that carvacrol demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL against four foodborne pathogenic bacteria and three spoilage fungi. The formulated cleaner, containing 67 mg/mL of carvacrol, demonstrated superior characteristics (a particle size of 228 nm, an absolute zeta potential of 21.4 mv, and a stability coefficient of 91.2%). …”
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Role of mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction in acute pancreatitis pathogenesis by Yuliya V Yevsyutina, V. T. Ivashkin, E. Z. Abgadzhava

“…Mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction acts as pathogenic basis for AP, leading to energy deprivation of pancreatic cells. …”
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Chitosan and Its Nanoparticles: A Multifaceted Approach to Antibacterial Applications by Emir Akdaşçi, Hatice Duman, Furkan Eker, Mikhael Bechelany, Sercan Karav

“…Chitosan, a multifaceted amino polysaccharide biopolymer derived from chitin, has extensive antibacterial efficacy against diverse pathogenic microorganisms, including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, in addition to fungi. …”
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PCSK9: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Sepsis by Yuan Yuan, Wei Wu, Shanshan Sun, Yi Zhang, Zhi Chen

“…In sepsis, PCSK9 degraded the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) receptors (LDL-R) of the hepatocytes and the very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptors (VLDL-R) of the adipocytes, which then subsequently reduced pathogenic lipid uptake and clearance/sequestration. …”
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Comparison of β-Propiolactone and Formalin Inactivation on Antigenicity and Immune Response of West Nile Virus by Pritom Chowdhury, Rashmee Topno, Siraj A. Khan, Jagadish Mahanta

“…West Nile Virus (WNV) is a pathogenic arbovirus that belongs to genus Flavivirus under family Flaviviridae. …”
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Within-host evolution of a transcriptional regulator contributes to the establishment of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection by Ning Zhou, Jingchen Yu, Xujiao Liu, Chengxi Li, Huang Tang, Lin Lyu, Chengwei Wu, Yana Chen, Jian Zhang, Jinjing Ni, Danni Wang, Jing Tao, Wenjuan Wu, Yu Zhang, Yun Feng, Yanjie Chao, Jie Lu, Ping He, Yu-Feng Yao

“…Summary: As an opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause both acute and chronic infections that are notoriously difficult to treat. …”
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency with two novel mutations: a case report and review of literature by Minyuan Liu, Qi Ji, Senlin Zhang, Jing Qian, Bohan Li, Jie Li, Peifang Xiao, Shaoyan Hu

“…He was found to have two novel pathogenic mutations in the PNP gene through WES. One hemizygous variant was c.385dup (p.Ile129Asnfs*6) in exon 4. …”
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Infiltration of the liver by cells of innate and adaptive immunity and their destruction in development of experimental immune concanavalin-A-induced hepatitis by S. I. Pavlovich, T. M. Bryzgina, N. V. Makogon, L. I. Aleksyuk, T. V. Martynova, R. I. Yanchy, I. N. Alekseyeva

“…Obtained data assume, that infiltration of the liver by leukocytes, in particular neutrophiles, in combination to ascending necrotic destruction of peripheral cells of innate and adaptive immunity can be the essential pathogenic mechanism at inflammatory liver diseases of T-cell origin.…”
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The Immune Response and Its Therapeutic Modulation in Bronchiectasis by Massoud Daheshia, James D. Prahl, Jacob J. Carmichael, John S. Parrish, Gilbert Seda

“…Bronchiectasis (BC) is a chronic pulmonary disease with tremendous morbidity and significant mortality. As pathogen infection has been advocated as a triggering insult in the development of BC, a central role for the immune response in this process seems obvious. …”
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Patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremic dissemination from the lung by Caitlyn L. Holmes, Katherine G. Dailey, Karthik Hullahalli, Alexis E. Wilcox, Sophia Mason, Bridget S. Moricz, Lavinia V. Unverdorben, George I. Balazs, Matthew K. Waldor, Michael A. Bachman

“…By barcoding Klebsiella pneumoniae, a leading cause of bacteremia, we track pathogen dissemination following pneumonia. Variability in organ bacterial burdens is attributable to two distinct dissemination patterns distinguished by the degree of similarity between the lung and systemic sites. …”
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Dynamic transitions of initiator binding coordinate the replication of the two chromosomes in Vibrio cholerae by Théophile Niault, Ariel Talavera, Eric Le Cam, Sonia Baconnais, Ole Skovgaard, Florian Fournes, Léa Wagner, Hedvig Tamman, Andrew Thompson, Dannele Echemendia-Blanco, Noa Guzzi, Abel Garcia-Pino, Didier Mazel, Marie-Eve Val

“…Abstract The replication of the two chromosomes in the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae is coordinated by the binding of initiator protein RctB to a checkpoint sequence, crtS. …”
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Pengaruh Positifitas Leukosit Esterase dan Nitrit Urine Terhadap Nilai Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Kemih by Citra Dian Kholisha, Siti Zaetun, Yudha Anggit Jiwantoro, Ersandhi Resnhaleksmana

“…Urinary tract infection (UTI) characterized by positivity of leukocyte esterase and nitrite can affect the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) value as a reflection of the degree of infection and inflammation by pathogenic microorganisms. Objective: To analyzed the effect of positivity leukocyte esterase and nitrite urine on NLR values in UTI patients. …”
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