Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate reduces sperm motility by decreasing sperm tail energy supply by Xiao-lu Li, Qi-meng Li, Yuan-zhuo Zheng, Die Hu, Xiao-yue Cai, Ke Yin, Yin-yin Qi, Zi yu Cheng, Xia Ning, Yang Cai, Wei Wu, Ting-yuan Lin, Tao Xu, Ling-li Zhao

“…The movement of sperm is mainly dependent on the tail motility, which is largely determined by tail structure and energy supply. Electron microscopy images illustrate that there are no observable changes in the basic kinematic structure of the sperm tail. …”
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Systematic free energy insights into the enhanced dispersibility of myofibrillar protein in low-salt solutions through ultrasound-assisted enzymatic deamidation by Yating Liu, Zongyun Yang, Zhen Li, Juan Shen, Xia Wang, Ru Li, Ye Tao, Xinglian Xu, Peng Wang

“…The solubility, structural characteristics, transmission electron microscopy, asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation, steady shear rheological property and multiple light scattering of MP deamidated by PG (MP-PG) and MP pretreated with ultrasound followed by PG deamidation (MP-U-PG) were determined. …”
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Anti-Inflammatory and Healing Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Fruit Extract of Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs by Larissa Benvenutti, Roberta Nunes, Ivonilce Venturi, Silvia Aparecida Ramos, Milena Fronza Broering, Fernanda Capitanio Goldoni, Sarah Eskelsen Pavan, Maria Verônica Dávila Pastor, Angela Malheiros, Nara Lins Meira Quintão, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes, José Roberto Santin

“…Leukocyte influx (by optical microscopy) and cytokine release were quantified in the pouch exudates. …”
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Impact of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 (ERAP1) and 2 (ERAP2) on neutrophil cellular functions by Irma Saulle, Irma Saulle, Fiona Limanaqi, Micaela Garziano, Micaela Garziano, Maria Luisa Murno, Valentina Artusa, Valentina Artusa, Sergio Strizzi, Matteo Giovarelli, Carsten Schulte, Jacopo Aiello, Mario Clerici, Mario Clerici, Claudia Vanetti, Mara Biasin

“…In these cells following 3 h or 24 h rhERAP stimulation by Western Blot, RT-qPCR, Elisa, Confocal microscopy, transwell migration assay, Oxygraphy and Flow Cytometry we assessed: i) rhERAP internalization; ii) activation; iii) migration; iv) oxygen consumption rate; v) reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; granule release; vi) phagocytosis; and vii) autophagy.ResultsWe observed that following stimulation rhERAPs: i) were internalized by neutrophils; ii) triggered their activation as witnessed by increased percentage of MAC-1+CD66b+ expressing neutrophils, cytokine expression/release (IL-1β, IL-8, CCL2, TNFα, IFNγ, MIP-1β) and granule enzyme secretion (myeloperoxidase, Elastase); iii) increased neutrophil migration capacity; iv) increased autophagy and phagocytosis activity; v) reduced ROS accumulation and did not influence oxygen consumption rate.ConclusionOur study provides novel insights into the biological role of ERAPs, and indicates that extracellular ERAPs, contribute to shaping neutrophil homeostasis by promoting survival and tolerance in response to stress-related inflammation. …”
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hBMSC-EVs alleviate weightlessness-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation by Mengyuan Chang, Ruiqi Liu, Bingqian Chen, Jin Xu, Wei Wang, Yanan Ji, Zihui Gao, Boya Liu, Xinlei Yao, Hualin Sun, Feng Xu, Yuntian Shen

“…Immunostaining, transmission electron microscopy observation, and western blot analysis were employed to assess the impact of hBMSC-EVs on muscle fiber types, ROS levels, inflammation, ubiquitin–proteasome system activity, and autophagy lysosome pathway activation in skeletal muscle atrophy. …”
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Upper Oligocene to Pleistocene planktonic foraminifera stratigraphy at North Atlantic DSDP Site 407, Reykjanes Ridge: diversity trends and biozonation using modern Neogene taxonomi... by T. M. Weitkamp, T. M. Weitkamp, M. J. Razmjooei, M. J. Razmjooei, P. N. Pearson, H. K. Coxall, H. K. Coxall

“…Initially investigated in 1979 by Poore, this study presents a taxonomic reassessment of upper Oligocene to Pleistocene planktonic foraminifera at Site 407, including species range documentation, assemblage analysis, biostratigraphic zonation, and age modelling based on planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, and scanning electron microscopy. This study employs modern taxonomic perspectives that integrate morphological and stratophenetic frameworks for fossil species with genetic data for taxa having living representatives. …”
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Microcephaly protein ANKLE2 promotes Zika virus replication by Adam T. Fishburn, Cole J. Florio, Thomas N. Klaessens, Brian Prince, Neil A. B. Adia, Nicholas J. Lopez, Nitin Sai Beesabathuni, Sydney S. Becker, Liubov Cherkashchenko, Sophia T. Haggard Arcé, Vivian Hoang, Traci N. Shiu, R. Blake Richardson, Matthew J. Evans, Claudia Rückert, Priya S. Shah

“…This decrease in virus replication is coupled with a moderate increase in innate immune activation. Using microscopy, we observe dysregulated formation of virus-induced endoplasmic reticulum rearrangements in ANKLE2 knockout cells. …”
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A broadly neutralizing antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 by Zhe Chen, Leilei Feng, Lei Wang, Li Zhang, Binyang Zheng, Hua Fu, Fengdi Li, Ligai Liu, Qi Lv, Ran Deng, YanLi Xu, Yongfeng Hu, Jianhua Zheng, Chuan Qin, Linlin Bao, Xiangxi Wang, Qi Jin

“…Structural analysis using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) revealed that CR9 binds to an epitope formed by RBD residues, providing a molecular understanding of its neutralization mechanism. …”
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Preparation and in vitro biological evaluation of strontium doped β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds for alveolar bone tissue regeneration by Congrui Liu, Guiyong Xiao, Zichen Wang, Mengchen Xu, Yinchuan Wang, Nan Wang, Zhenlong Sun, Xiaoyan Li, Yixin Yin

“…Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis revealed that Srx-TCP offered favorable circumstances for cell adhesion. …”
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A single residue switch mediates the broad neutralization of Rotaviruses by Yang Huang, Feibo Song, Yuanjun Zeng, Hui Sun, Roufang Sheng, Xuechun Wang, Liqin Liu, Guoxing Luo, Yanan Jiang, Yaling Chen, Mengxuan Zhang, Shiyin Zhang, Ying Gu, Hai Yu, Shaowei Li, Tingdong Li, Qingbing Zheng, Shengxiang Ge, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia

“…A combination of time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and in situ cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) analysis reveals a counterintuitive dynamic process of virus inactivation, in which 7H13 asymmetrically binds to a conserved epitope in the capsid-proximal aspect of VP4, triggers a conformational switch in a critical residue—F418—thereby disrupts the meta-stable conformation of VP4 essential for normal viral infection. …”
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Mechanism of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction to Promote BMSCs Homing and Protect Articular Cartilage in Mice by the SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis by HUANG Yanfeng, MA Dezun, FU Changlong, YE Jinxia, HUANG Yunmei, LI Xihai

“…The fluorescence intensity of SDF-1 in bone tissue was observed by laser confocal microscopy. qPCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA transcription level and protein relative expression level of homing-related regulatory factors in each group. (2) In the cell experiment, 4-week-old SPF male C57BL/6 mice were selected and the primary BMSCs were extracted by the whole bone marrow adherence method. …”
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Electroacupuncture attenuates ferroptosis by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway in ischemic stroke by Xi-chen Yang, Ya-ju Jin, Rong Ning, Qiu-yue Mao, Peng-yue Zhang, Li Zhou, Cheng-cai Zhang, Yi-chen Peng, Na Chen

“…The mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Electroacupuncture improved neurological deficits in rats model of MCAO/R, decreased the brain infarct volume, alleviated neuronal damage, inhibited the Fe2+, ROS, and MDA accumulation, increased SOD levels, increased the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11 and FTH1, and rescued injured mitochondria. …”
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Interpreting Variants of Uncertain Significance in PCD: Abnormal Splicing Caused by a Missense Variant of DNAAF3 by Haixia Zheng, Chongsheng Cheng, Miao He, Wangji Zhou, Yixuan Li, Jinrong Dai, Ting Zhang, Kai‐Feng Xu, Xue Zhang, Xinlun Tian, Yaping Liu

“…Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high‐speed video analysis (HSVA) were conducted to analyze the function of cilia in respiratory epithelial cells. …”
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Development of MHz X-ray phase contrast imaging at the European XFEL by Jayanath C. P. Koliyadu, Daniel Moško, Eleni Myrto Asimakopoulou, Valerio Bellucci, Šarlota Birnšteinová, Richard Bean, Romain Letrun, Chan Kim, Henry Kirkwood, Gabriele Giovanetti, Nerea Jardon, Janusz Szuba, Trey Guest, Andreas Koch, Jan Grünert, Peter Szeles, Pablo Villanueva-Perez, Fabian Reuter, Claus-Dieter Ohl, Mike Andreas Noack, Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Zuzana Kuglerová-Valdová, Libor Juha, Martin Nikl, Wataru Yashiro, Hitoshi Soyama, Daniel Eakins, Alexander M. Korsunsky, Jozef Uličný, Alke Meents, Henry N. Chapman, Adrian P. Mancuso, Tokushi Sato, Patrik Vagovič

“…We describe the technical implementation of the key components, including an MHz fast camera and a modular indirect X-ray microscope system based on fast scintillators coupled through a high-resolution optical microscope, which enable full-field X-ray microscopy with phase contrast of fast and irreversible phenomena. …”
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Interventions by Cardiovascular Drugs Against Aircraft Noise-Induced Cardiovascular Oxidative Stress and Damage by Marin Kuntić, Ivana Kuntić, Jiayin Zheng, Leonardo Nardi, Matthias Oelze, Arijan Valar, Dominika Mihaliková, Lea Strohm, Henning Ubbens, Qi Tang, Liyu Zhang, Guilherme Horta, Paul Stamm, Omar Hahad, Dilja Krueger-Burg, Huige Li, Sebastian Steven, Adrian Gericke, Michael J. Schmeisser, Thomas Münzel, Andreas Daiber

“…Short-term noise exposure caused hypertension (measured by tail-cuff blood pressure monitoring) and impaired endothelial function (measured by isometric tension recording in the aorta and video microscopy in cerebral arterioles in response to acetylcholine). …”
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A novel high-throughput screen identifies phenazine-1-carboxylic acid as an inhibitor of African swine fever virus replication in primary porcine alveolar macrophages by Jing Lan, Rui Luo, Di Liu, Changxing Qi, Xin Song, Zhanhao Lu, Ruojia Huang, Yuying Yang, Yuan Sun, Yonghui Zhang, Tao Wang, Hua-Ji Qiu

“…The growth kinetics, hemadsorption, and transmission electron microscopy analysis of rASFV-Gluc/EGFP in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) revealed that rASFV-Gluc/EGFP exhibits similar biological characteristics to ASFV-WT. …”
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Preparation, Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Extracellular Nanovesicles from Hericium erinaceus by Xueli YANG, Ben NIU, Hangjun CHEN, Weijie WU, Guannan WANG, Xiangjun FANG, Honglei MU, Haiyan GAO

“…A Caco-2 cell oxidative stress damage model was created using H2O2, and changes in ROS content in cells were measured using laser confocal microscopy. Results: The optimal extraction process of HEDENVs was the 25% interface of the sucrose concentration, centrifugation time was 2 h, and centrifugal speed was 86000 r/min, at which the concentration of HEDENVs was 402.24 μg/mL. …”
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Loss of MEF2C function by enhancer mutation leads to neuronal mitochondria dysfunction and motor deficits in mice by Ali Yousefian-Jazi, Suhyun Kim, Jiyeon Chu, Seung-Hye Choi, Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Uiyeol Park, Min-gyeong Kim, Hongik Hwang, Kyungeun Lee, Yeyun Kim, Seung Jae Hyeon, Hyewhon Rhim, Hannah L. Ryu, Grewo Lim, Thor D. Stein, Kayeong Lim, Hoon Ryu, Junghee Lee

“…Neuropathological alterations of MEF2C-KD mice with mitochondrial dysfunction and motor neuronal damage were observed by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM). …”
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LncRNA LUCAT1 offers protection against human coronary artery endothelial cellular oxidative stress injury through modulating hsa-miR-6776-5p/LRRC25 axis and activating autophagy f... by Yanjun Wang, Xin Zhang, Mengmeng Ren, Shu He, Hengjie Bie, Mengyang Duan, Zhiyuan Chen, Qiaowei Jia, Boyu Chi, Xiongkang Gan, Chengcheng Li, Yahong Fu, Hanxiao Zhou, Sheng Zhang, Qian Zhang, Fenghui An, Xiumei Chen, Enzhi Jia

“…Methods (1) Autophagy-related proteins including LC3, p62, Beclin1, ATG5, and ATG7 were immunohistochemical stained in coronary specimens; (2) The levels and function of autophagy in the HCAEC oxidative stress model were evaluated using western blot (WB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus transfection experiments; (3) The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of lncRNA LUCAT1/hsa-miR-6776-5p/LRRC25 axis was constructed and validated; (4) The expression levels of above autophagy-related RNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were verified by qPCR, and their diagnostic performance was subsequently analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. …”
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Hexane extract from Lindera communis roots: wound healing properties and membrane-disruptive activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Miaomiao Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Xian Hu, Xian Hu, Xian Hu, Liya Liu, Liya Liu, Liya Liu, Liya Liu, Yi Zhong, Yi Zhong, Yi Zhong, Wanlin Li, Wanlin Li, Wanlin Li, Qing Zhang, Qing Zhang, Qing Zhang, Congli Xu, Chunlin Long, Chunlin Long, Chunlin Long, Chunlin Long, Chunlin Long

“…To explore the antibacterial activities of L. communis plants, we investigated the chemicals, antibacterial activities and wound healing and of the n-hexane fraction of L. communis roots (LCH).MethodsOur study included detecting phytochemical constituents, determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for different extract fractions, analyzing growth curves, assessing membrane integrity, monitoring potential changes in the membrane using scanning electron microscopy, and evaluating wound healing in rat excisional wounds.ResultsBased on our findings, humulene-type sesquiterpenes, guaiane-type sesquiterpenes, and lauric acid were identified from the LCH, responsible for antibacterial and wound healing activities. …”
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