The complete mitochondrial genome of an important medicinal plant, Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., 1845 (Lamiales, Orobanchaceae) by Yu Bai, Huan An, Rengang Zhang, Yanna Ma, Hongjia Zhang, Zhili Guo, Li Zhao, Zhaoxuan Wang

“…The phylogenetic analysis, based on the maximum-likelihood criterion, demonstrated that R. glutinosa is closely related to Aeginetia indica and Castilleja paramensis within the family Orobanchaceae.…”
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In Situ Measurement of Seeking Speed and Seeking Induced Head-Disk Interface Instability in Hard Disk Drives by Yu Wang, Xiongfei Wei, Yanyang Zi, Kwok-Leung Tsui

“…To make the whole process of that clear, an in situ measurement method based on maximum likelihood estimation and extended Kalman filter for seeking speed at component level was developed first and was then calibrated by a high speed camera. …”
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Stress-Strength Reliability of Two-Parameter Exponential Distribution Based on Progres- sively Type-II Censored Data by Sajad Rostamian

“…This paper investigates estimation of the stress-strength reliability parameter  in two-parameter exponential distributions under progressively type-II censored samples. Methods: The maximum likelihood and the best linear unbiased estimates of  are obtained, and the Bayes estimates of  are computed under the squared error, linear-exponential, and Stein loss functions. …”
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Capacity Improvement for DVB-NGH with Dual-Polarized MIMO Spatial Multiplexing and Hybrid Beamforming by Huu Trung Nguyen, Trung Tan Le, Trung Hien Nguyen

“…At the receiver end, the maximum likelihood (ML) detector is used to evaluate the system performance. …”
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Properties and Applications of Neutrosophic Burr XII Distribution by Laila A. Al-Essa, Farrukh Jamal, Shakaiba Shafiq, Sadaf Khan, Qamer Abbas, Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani, Muhammad Aslam

“…In addition, the neutrosophic model parameters are estimated using the principle of maximum-likelihood estimation. Further, the precision of these model estimates is verified via a simulation study of the proposed model. …”
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A new trigonometric-oriented distributional method: Model, theory, and practical applications by Omalsad Hamood Odhah, Olayan Albalawi, Huda M. Alshanbari

“…The Weibull model serves as the foundational framework for this specific variant. The maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the weighted tan-Weibull distribution are obtained. …”
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Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV genome using MEGA by Vipan Kumar Sohpal

“…Firstly, the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and Akaike information criterion (AICc) are used to evaluate the best substitution pattern. Secondly, the maximum likelihood method used to estimate of transition/transversions (R) through Kimura-2, Tamura-3, Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano, and Tamura-Nei nucleotide substitutions model. …”
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Research on Coal and Rock Type Recognition Based on Mechanical Vision by Qiang Zhang, Jieying Gu, Junming Liu

“…In order to identify different kinds of coal, rock, and gangue, the FPV integrated image transmission camera is used to collect images of 6 types of coal, 8 types of rocks, and 2 types of coal gangue, and the images are processed based on the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (2D-DWT) based on the steerable pyramid decomposition (SPD). The maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the parameters, and, the coal and rock types are judged by comparing the similarity of each image. …”
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Risk factor analysis for stunting incidence using sparse categorical principal component logistic regression by Anna Islamiyati, Muhammad Nur, Abdul Salam, Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad, Dwi Auliyah

“…The parameters of the sparse categorical principal component logistic regression model were estimated using the maximum likelihood method and the Newton-Raphson iterative approach. …”
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Gender Conditioning and Socio-economical Condition: its Association with Some Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis by Ana Mary Fernández Milán, Daysi Antonia Navarro Despaigne, Jorge Bacallao Gallestey

“…An exploratory factorial analysis was realized through the method of maximum likelihood estimation aimed at the global evaluation of the association among the three basic dimensions of this research. …”
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Genetic diversity and population structure of the helminths intermediate host Anentome helena (von dem Busch, 1847) in northern Thailand by Nithinan Chomchoei, Chalobol Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Nattawadee Nantarat

“…Seventy-three A. helena specimens were used to examine and re-construct the molecular phylogenetics (neighbour-joining, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods), genetic diversity, and population structure based on the concatenated datasets of COI and 16S rRNA (1 178 bp). …”
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Precision Sensing-Aided Multi-Target Beamforming Prediction in High-Mobility ISAC Systems Based on OTFS by Chunyue Wang, Yong Wang, Huiming Zheng, Yunhao Chai, Ying Dong

“…Furthermore, we develop a three-dimensional parameter estimation algorithm named orthogonal matching pursuit based on maximum likelihood dictionary correction, which offers high accuracy and low complexity. …”
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Investigation of Anisotropic Behavior and Statistical Evolution of Acoustic Emission Energy during the Deformation of Layered Sandstone by Shujian Li, Shaobin Dong, Binting Cai, Menglai Wang, Yanhong Xie, Jingguo Luo

“…Furthermore, we used the least squares method and the maximum likelihood method to analyze the b value and power-law exponent, respectively. …”
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An approximate likelihood method reveals ancient gene flow between human, chimpanzee and gorilla by Galtier, Nicolas

“…I introduce Aphid, an approximate maximum-likelihood method aimed at quantifying the sources of phylogenetic conflict via topology and branch length analysis of three-species gene trees. …”
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Flood Susceptibility Mapping in Punjab, Pakistan: A Hybrid Approach Integrating Remote Sensing and Analytical Hierarchy Process by Rana Muhammad Amir Latif, Jinliao He

“…We developed a robust Flood Susceptibility Model (FSM) utilizing the Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) model and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) incorporating 11 flood-influencing factors, including “Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), elevation, slope, precipitation (rain, snow, hail, sleet), rainfall, distance to rivers and roads, soil type, drainage density, Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)”. …”
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The complete chloroplast genome of Hemisteptia lyrata (Bunge) Fisch. & C. A. Mey. 1836 (Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis by Chun-yan Li, Yan-ping Xing, Wen-juan Hou, Yu-tong Huang, Yan-chang Huang, Yue-yue Song, Ting-guo Kang, Yan-yun Yang, Liang Xu

“…The phylogenetic analysis using the maximum-likelihood method showed that H. lyrata is closely related to the species in Saussurea. …”
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Analysis of competing risks model using the generalized progressive hybrid censored data from the generalized Lomax distribution by Amal Hassan, Sudhansu Maiti, Rana Mousa, Najwan Alsadat, Mahmoued Abu-Moussa

“…This study focused on parameter estimation of the generalized Lomax distribution under a generalized progressive hybrid censoring scheme in the presence of CR when the cause of failure for each item was known and independent. Both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian approaches were used to estimate the unknown parameters, reliability characteristics, and relative risks due to two causes. …”
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Assessing the Structure of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire in Fibromyalgia Patients Using Common Factor Analytic Approaches by Charles Van Liew, Maya S. Santoro, Larissa Edwards, Jeremy Kang, Terry A. Cronan

“…Foundational factoring approaches were performed on the data (i.e., maximum likelihood factoring [MLF], iterative principal factoring [IPF], principal axis factoring (PAF), and principal components factoring [PCF]) with oblique oblimin rotation. …”
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A Low Computational Complexity SML Estimation Algorithm of DOA for Wireless Sensor Networks by Faming Gong, Haihua Chen, Shibao Li, Jianhang Liu, Zhaozhi Gu, Masakiyo Suzuki

“…The Stochastic Maximum Likelihood (SML) algorithm is adopted in this paper. …”
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Molecular Characterization of Wild and Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) through DNA Barcode Markers by Awais Qarni, Khushi Muhammad, Abdul Wahab, Amir Ali, Chandni Khizar, Izhar Ullah, Abeer Kazmi, Tahira Sultana, Asma Hameed, Muhammad Younas, Mehdi Rahimi

“…The phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Fragaria current species sequences and reference sequences through the neighbor-joining method or maximum likelihood method. Results. Among eight DNA barcode markers, only two (ITS2 and rbclC) were amplified, and sequences were obtained. …”
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