Mesenchymal Stem Cell–derived Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Therapeutic Strategy for Diabetic Wound Healing by Anna Meiliana, Nurrani Mustika Dewi, Andi Wijaya

“…MSC-EVs can be a safe, effective and ethical therapy for DFU by increasing M2 macrophages polarization, improving the proliferation, reducing scar, and improving angiogenesis. …”
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Chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: classification, terminology, and clinical significance by Assunta Dal-Bianco, Jiwon Oh, Pascal Sati, Martina Absinta

“…Among these in vivo imaging correlates of CALs, paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are defined by the presence of a perilesional rim formed by iron-laden microglia and macrophages, whereas slowly expanding lesions are identified based on linear, concentric lesion expansion over time. …”
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Innate Immune Defenses in Human Tuberculosis: An Overview of the Interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Innate Immune Cells by Jonathan Kevin Sia, Maria Georgieva, Jyothi Rengarajan

“…This review will focus on Mtb interactions with human macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and NK cells and detail evidence that Mtb modulation of these cells negatively impacts Mtb-specific immune responses. …”
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Knockdown of decorin in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppresses proteoglycan layer formation and establishes a pro-inflammatory environment on titanium oxide surfaces by Hisanobu Kamio, Kazuto Okabe, Masaki Honda, Kensuke Kuroda, Shuhei Tsuchiya

“…Furthermore, the conditioned medium upregulated the expression of M1 macrophage markers in human macrophages. These results suggest that endogenous DCN plays a crucial role in PG layer formation and that the PG layer alters inflammation around Ti materials. …”
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VANGL2 alleviates inflammatory bowel disease by recruiting the ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to limit NLRP3 inflammasome activation through OPTN-mediated selective autophagy. by Huaji Jiang, Yingchao Xie, Zhiqiang Hu, Jiansen Lu, Jiahuan Zhang, Hongyu Li, Ke Zeng, Wenqiang Peng, Cheng Yang, Junsheng Huang, Zelong Han, Xiaochun Bai, Xiao Yu

“…Myeloid VANGL2 deficiency exacerbates the progression of DSS-induced colitis in mice and specifically enhances the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 effectively alleviates DSS-induced colitis in VANGL2 deficient mice. …”
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Dendritic Cells and Leishmania Infection: Adding Layers of Complexity to a Complex Disease by Daniel Feijó, Rafael Tibúrcio, Mariana Ampuero, Cláudia Brodskyn, Natalia Tavares

“…The parasites can be uptook and/or recognized by macrophages, neutrophils, and/or dendritic cells (DCs). …”
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The Emerging Functions of Long Noncoding RNA in Immune Cells: Autoimmune Diseases by Keshav Raj Sigdel, Ao Cheng, Yin Wang, Lihua Duan, YanLin Zhang

“…Recent studies have reported that differentiation and activation of immune cells, T cells, B cells, macrophages, and NK cells have correlation with lncRNAs, which have also an essential role in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and SLE. …”
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Small Bowel Obstruction due to Intestinal Xanthomatosis by L. E. Barrera-Herrera, F. Arias, P. A. Rodríguez-Urrego, M. A. Palau-Lázaro

“…Xanthomatosis is produced by accumulation of cholesterol-rich foamy macrophages. Intestinal xanthomatosis is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion that may cause small bowel obstruction and several cases have been reported in the English literature as obstruction in the jejunum. …”
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Targeted In Situ Gene Correction of Dysfunctional APOE Alleles to Produce Atheroprotective Plasma ApoE3 Protein by Ioannis Papaioannou, J. Paul Simons, James S. Owen

“…Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a 34-kDa circulating glycoprotein, secreted by the liver and macrophages with pleiotropic antiatherogenic functions and hence a candidate to treat hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis. …”
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Impact of Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists on Pathophysiology of Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia by Paschalis Evangelidis, Konstantinos Tragiannidis, Eleni Gavriilaki, Athanasios Tragiannidis

“…Various pathophysiological mechanisms are implicated in ITP pathogenesis, including the production of autoantibodies against components of platelets (PLTs) by B-cells, the activation of the complement system, phagocytosis by macrophages mediated by Fcγ receptors, the dysregulation of T cells, and reduced bone marrow megakaryopoiesis. …”
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Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis Mimicking Lung Cancer in a 75‐Year‐Old Woman With a History of Breast Cancer: A Clinical Case Report by Yeganeh Pakbaz, Farzan Moodi

“…Histopathology showed carbon‐laden macrophages and anthracosis, consistent with CWP. Imaging modalities, including MRI and FDG‐PET/CT, aid in differentiating CWP from cancer. …”
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The Role of PPARs in Placental Immunology: A Systematic Review of the Literature by Stefan Hutter, Julia Knabl, Ulrich Andergassen, Udo Jeschke

“…Both the innate and the adaptive immune system, and therefore B and T lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are all involved in trophoblast invasion, pregnancy maintenance, and development of pregnancy disorders. …”
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Oral mucosal changes caused by nicotine pouches: case series by Sintija Miluna-Meldere, Sarlote Agate Vanka, Ingus Skadins, Juta Kroica, Maris Sperga, Dagnija Rostoka

“…Histopathological analyses revealed parakeratosis with acanthotic epithelium, intraepithelial and connective tissue oedema, and chronic inflammatory infiltration with lymphocytes and macrophages. Participants received information about nicotine cessation and oral health recommendations. …”
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Increased Apoptosis and Proliferative Capacity are Early Events in Cyst Formation in Autosomal-Dominant, Polycystic Kidney Disease by Salwa Ibrahim

“…Interstitial infiltrates were dense and consisted mainly of CD 68–positive macrophages and CD 45–positive lymphocytes. The present study demonstrated that changes in cell turnover are early events in cyst formation. …”
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MicroRNAs as Haematopoiesis Regulators by Ram Babu Undi, Ravinder Kandi, Ravi Kumar Gutti

“…Blood cells are divided into three lineages erythriod (erythrocytes), lymphoid (B and T cells), and myeloid (granulocytes, megakaryocytes, and macrophages). Haematopoiesis is a complex process regulated by several mechanisms including microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small RNAs which regulate the expression of a number of genes involved in commitment and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. …”
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Elevated expression of ANTXR1 gene in tumors is a poor prognostic biomarker for patients with bladder cancer by L. S. Franco, S. Arunachalam, A. Chauhan, S. A. Kareff, P. L. Hallenbeck

“…It is especially attractive given its selective expression on the surface of solid tumor cells and associated stromal cells, such as cancer stem cells, invasive cancer cells, and immune cells, such as macrophages, angiogenic endothelial cells, pericytes, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. …”
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Far beyond Phagocytosis: Phagocyte-Derived Extracellular Traps Act Efficiently against Protozoan Parasites In Vitro and In Vivo by Liliana M. R. Silva, Tamara Muñoz-Caro, Rafael A. Burgos, Maria A. Hidalgo, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla

“…Professional mononuclear phagocytes such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), monocytes, and macrophages are considered as the first line of defence against invasive pathogens. …”
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Destructive Cholangitis in an Adult Jack Russell Terrier by Atsushi Kodama, Hiroki Sakai, Tsuyoshi Kimura, Sadatoshi Maeda, Takashi Mori, Toshiaki Masegi, Tokuma Yanai

“…Histopathologically, there was loss of the interlobular bile duct and cholangitis accompanied by infiltration of pigment-laden macrophages in the Glisson’s capsule. Therefore, in the present case the dog was diagnosed with destructive cholangitis.…”
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Uncovering the Heterogeneity of Signaling Pathways in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma: Insights into Prognostic Values and Immune Interactions by Liu Y, Li C, Deng W

“…Moreover, the activities of favorable pathways were strongly positively correlated with infiltrating CD8+ T cells, macrophages M1, immune score, and stromal score, all of which were favorable for SKCM.Conclusion: Taken together, our study provides insights into the characteristics of several pathways in SKCM.Keywords: skin cutaneous melanoma, pathway activity, immune infiltration, prognosis, bioinformatics, tumor microenvironment…”
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Transformation of brain myeloid cell populations by SIV in rhesus macaques revealed by multiomics by Xiaoke Xu, Meng Niu, Benjamin G. Lamberty, Katy Emanuel, Moses Jedd Facun Apostol, Howard S. Fox

“…Abstract The primary immune constituents in the brain, microglia and macrophages, are the target for HIV in people and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in nonhuman primates. …”
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