Yeast cell wall polysaccharides accelerate yet in-feed antibiotic delays intestinal development and maturation via modulating gut microbiome in chickens by Fangshen Guo, Jianing Qiao, Zeqiong Hu, Jia Huang, Ruichen Bi, Waseem Abbas, Wenrui Zhen, Yuming Guo, Zhong Wang

“…While, TLR-2, TLR-6 and iNOS mRNA abundances were notably upregulated by BMD treatment (d 42, P < 0.05). …”
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Effect of Acupotomy Intervention on Fibrosis of Rectus Femoris in Rabbits with Knee Osteoarthritis by LIU Jing, ZENG Weiquan, LIN Qiaoxuan, LU Liming, GUO Zexing, LIU Hong, ZHANG Liangzhi, XIU Zhongbiao

“…Compared with the model group, the acupotomy group had decreased collagen volume fraction of rectus femoris muscle, and the difference was statistically significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01). 2) RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, VIM and α-SMA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), while those in the acupotomy group were significantly lower than those in the model group, and the difference was statistically significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01). 3) Western blot results showed that the proteins expressions of ColⅠ, VIM and α-SMA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), while those in the acupotomy group were significantly lower than those in the model group, and the difference was statistically significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01).ConclusionBased on the Jingjin theory, the release of quadriceps femoris' transfascial focal point by acupotomy can down-regulate the expression levels of mRNA and protein of ColⅠ, VIM, α-SMA, and reduce the degree on fibrosis of rectus femoris muscle, which may be one of the mechanisms of acupotomy for KOA.…”
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Tannin alleviated reproductive dysfunction in pregnant ewes infected with Haemonchus contortus by Xin Li, Xin Li, Hai Xiang, Hai Xiang, Rong Liang, Rong Liang, Xinyu Han, Xinyu Han, Rongzhen Zhong, Rongzhen Zhong, Hongyu Liu, Hongyu Liu, Yi Fang, Yi Fang

“…In addition, tannin reduced fecal egg count (FEC), leukocyte counts, and mRNA levels of inflammatory markers (p &lt; 0.05). …”
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Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hippocampal Functional Activity and Molecular Expression Profile in Rats with Vascular Cognitive Impairment by WANG Zeyu, DING Yanyi, DAI Yaling, YANG Minguang, HUANG Jia, ZHANG Shenghang

“…A total of 399 genes with 2-fold differential expression of hippocampal mRNA between the electroacupuncture group and the model group (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), of which 166 genes (such as Klhl14, Bmp3, Npsr1, Cacna1e, etc.) were up-regulated, of which 233 genes (such as Insl6, Ube2k, Cdkn1c, Camp, Upk1b,etc.) were down-regulated.ConclusionThe "Tongdu Tiaoshen" electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting acupoints can improve the cognitive function of rats with vascular cognitive impairment, and its mechanism may be related to enhance the function of hippocampus, prefrontal lobes and other brain regions, regulate the expression of calcium ions and energy metabolism-related molecules by regulating nerve activity activity.…”
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Increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity in female mice impairs ovarian steroidogenesis: The role of elevated leptin signalling on nodal activity inhibition in theca cells by Karolina Wołodko, Tjaša Šentjurc, Edyta Walewska, Elżbieta Laniecka, Magdalena Jura, António Galvão

“…Following the characterisation of the mouse phenotype, gonadal fat (GON), whole ovaries (WO), ovarian TC and granulosa cell (GC) fractions were collected for mRNA transcription and protein expression analysis. …”
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Identification and expression analysis of c-type and g-type lysozymes genes after Aeromonas hydrophila infection in African catfish by Hasan Nasrullah, Yanti Inneke Nababan, Dwi Hany Yanti, Dian Hardiantho, Sri Nuryati, Muhammad Zairin Junior, Julie Ekasari, Alimuddin Alimuddin

“…In the present study, we report a partial cloning and mRNA expression analysis of c-type and g-type lysozymes in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. …”
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A conserved element in the first intron of Cd4 has a lineage specific, TCR signal-responsive, canonical enhancer function that matches the timing of cell surface CD4 upregulation r... by Gregory A. Swan, Gregory A. Swan, Chika Fujii, Mia E. Guzynski, Sheridan M. Page, Isabelle V. Meyers, Yordan P. Penev, Sejiro Littleton, Sejiro Littleton, Adinda Azzahra, Christine Richardson, Sophia D. Sarafova, Sophia D. Sarafova

“…In vivo, NCE-sufficient transgenic mice exhibited upregulation of Cd4 reporter EGFP mRNA levels at the INT stage and a corresponding upregulation of EGFP fluorescence, whereas NCE-deficient mice showed a significant loss of Cd4 reporter EGFP mRNA and no detectable EGFP production in any post-selection thymocytes.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that the canonical enhancer function of coreNCE/E4m is essential for CD4 upregulation following positive selection. …”
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GPR87 promotes invasion and migration through the RHO/ROCK pathway in non-small cell lung cancer by LIU Chenxi, HAN Lin, YANG Yi, ZHOU Han, LIU Yayun, SHENG Deqiao

“…RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of GPR87, MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, snail, twist, RHOA, RHOC, and ROCK1. …”
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Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Fumitoshi Ohori, Hideki Kitaura, Aseel Marahleh, Akiko Kishikawa, Saika Ogawa, Jiawei Qi, Wei-Ren Shen, Takahiro Noguchi, Yasuhiko Nara, Itaru Mizoguchi

“…In vitro analysis of primary osteocytes, which were isolated from DMP1-Topaz mice by sorting the Topaz variant of GFP-positive cells, revealed that SOST mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with TNF-α and that RANKL mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with sclerostin. …”
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Immunization with OPN5 increased seasonal degradation of reproductive activity in Magang ganders by Jianqiu Pan, Xu Shen, Hongjia Ouyang, Junfeng Sun, Sui Liufu, Danli Jiang, Wenjun Chen, Siyue Peng, Danning Xu, Yunbo Tian, Yunmao Huang, Jianhua He

“…However, DIO3 mRNA and protein were up-regulated in the immunized group. …”
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Leptomeningeal Cells Transduce Peripheral Macrophages Inflammatory Signal to Microglia in Reponse to Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS by Yicong Liu, Zhou Wu, Xinwen Zhang, Junjun Ni, Weixian Yu, Yanmin Zhou, Hiroshi Nakanishi

“…Surprisingly, the mean mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in leptomeningeal cells after treatment with the conditioned medium from P.g. …”
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Endometrial Cancer Cells Promote M2-Like Macrophage Polarization by Delivering Exosomal miRNA-21 under Hypoxia Condition by Li Xiao, Yumin He, Fan Peng, Jianlin Yang, Chengfu Yuan

“…And then, the notably enhanced mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and CD206 in THP-1 cells were observed, suggestive of M2 polarization. …”
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Evaluation of various RNA-seq approaches for identification of gene outrons in the flatworm Opisthorchis felineus by N. I. Ershov, D. E. Maslov, N. P. Bondar

“…Of the two rRNA depletion methods, a method based on the enzymatic normalization of cDNA (Zymo-Seq RiboFree) showed high efficiency. Compared to mRNA-seq, it provides an approximately twofold increase in the fraction of reads originating from outrons and introns. …”
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Effects of polyamines and indole on the expression of ribosome hibernation factors in <i>Escherichia coli</i> at the translational level by E. A. Khaova, A. G. Tkachenko

“…In this work, we have studied the influence of indole on the expression of the raiA and rmf genes at the translational level and regulatory effects of the polyamines putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine on the translation of the rmf, raiA, sra, ettA and rsfS genes. We have analyzed the mRNA primary structures of the studied genes and the predicted mRNA secondary structures obtained by using the RNAfold program for the availability of polyamine modulon features. …”
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Bovine milk consumption affects the transcriptome of porcine adipose stem cells: Do exosomes play any role? by Katherine Swanson, Jimmy Bell, David Hendrix, Duo Jiang, Michelle Kutzler, Brandon Batty, Melanie Hanlon, Massimo Bionaz

“…We could not detect exosomal miRs or mRNA transfer from milk to porcine-circulating plasma exosomes. …”
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Protective Effect of Thalidomide on 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Experimental Colitis in Rats via the Inhibition of T Helper 17 Cells by Ying Xie, Dandan Li, Xiaoshuang Luan, Shuang Jin, Bo Yan, Feng Tian

“…The colonic protein and mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, IL-23, and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma t (RORγt) were determined using immunohistochemistry, western blot, and qRT-PCR. …”
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Alpha-linolenic acid-mediated epigenetic reprogramming of cervical cancer cell lines by Amrita Ulhe, Prerna Raina, Amol Chaudhary, Ruchika Kaul-Ghanekar

“…ALA downregulated hTERT oncogene while upregulating the mRNA expression of TSGs (Tumor Suppressor Genes) CDH1, RARβ, and DAPK in all the cell lines. …”
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Structural basis of Spliced Leader RNA recognition by the Trypanosoma brucei cap-binding complex by Harald Bernhard, Hana Petržílková, Barbora Popelářová, Kamil Ziemkiewicz, Karolina Bartosik, Marcin Warmiński, Laura Tengo, Henri Gröger, Luciano G. Dolce, Cameron D. Mackereth, Ronald Micura, Jacek Jemielity, Eva Kowalinski

“…During trans-splicing, a universal RNA sequence, the spliced leader RNA (SL RNA) mini-exon, is added to the 5’-end of each mRNA. The 5’-end of this mini-exon carries a hypermethylated cap structure and is bound by a trypanosomatid-specific cap-binding complex (CBC). …”
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Gestational hypercholanemia suppresses pregnancy‐associated adipose mass increase and stimulates a pro‐inflammatory environment in mice by Vanya Nikolova, Alice L. Mitchell, Elena Bellafante, Eugene Jansen, Georgia Papacleovoulou, Per‐Olof Bergh, Hanns‐Ulrich Marshall, Catherine Williamson

“…Subcutaneous and gonadal adipocyte mRNA expression was evaluated. CA supplementation inhibited pregnancy‐associated adipose tissue expansion and decreased fetal weight. …”
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四逆汤对兔髂动脉球囊损伤后血管狭窄和一氧化氮系统的影响 by 钱孝贤, 刘勇, 吴伟康, 周彬, 吴琳, 廖火城, 王敏, 陈璘, 刘金来

“…术后4周处死各组实验兔，通过透射电镜观察髂动脉内膜的病变情况，并检测兔血清NO水平和总NOS活性；通过免疫组化观察eNOS蛋白在血管壁的表达，RT-PCR方法检测血管壁eNOS mRNA的表达。【结果】模型组兔髂动脉内膜可见大量的泡沫细胞，内皮细胞脱落；而四逆汤组损伤减轻。模型组兔血清NO水平和总NOS活性明显低于四逆汤组和对照组；四逆汤组和对照组eNOs蛋白和eNOS mRNA表达较模型组明显增强，而四逆汤组和对照组之间无显著性差异。…”
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