Molecular Mechanism of Macrophage Activation by Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng by Se Eun Byeon, Jaehwi Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Woo Seok Yang, Yi-Seong Kwak, Sun Young Kim, Eui Su Choung, Man Hee Rhee, Jae Youl Cho

“…Lastly, macrophages isolated from RGS2 knockout mice or wortmannin exposure strongly upregulated RGAP-treated NO production. …”
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Cytoskeletal Vimentin Directs Cell‐Cell Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus by Yifan Xing, Zeyu Wen, Jie Mei, Xinyi Huang, Shuangshuang Zhao, Jin Zhong, Yaming Jiu

“…Introducing either full‐length or head region of vimentin is capable of restoring the cell–cell transmission deficiency in vimentin‐knockout cells. Moreover, we showed that it is vimentin on the plasma membrane of recipient cells that orchestrates HCV cell–cell transmission. …”
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Regulation of interferon alpha production by the MAGUK-family protein CASK under H5N1 infection by Jing-Ying Huang, Jing-Ying Huang, Pei-Shan Sung, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Shie-Liang Hsieh

“…Myeloid-specific CASK knockout (KO) mice display exacerbated lung inflammation, which correlates with reduced IFNA levels during H5N1 infection. …”
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Peripheral nerve injury induces dystonia-like movements and dysregulation in the energy metabolism: A multi-omics descriptive study in Thap1+/− mice by Colette Reinhold, Susanne Knorr, Rhonda L. McFleder, Lisa Harder-Rauschenberger, Tom Gräfenhan, Andreas Schlosser, Michael Sendtner, Jens Volkmann, Chi Wang Ip

“…To investigate the gene-environment interaction in the development of dystonic features, we performed a sciatic nerve crush injury in a genetically predisposed DYT-THAP1 heterozygous knockout mouse model (Thap1+/−). We employed a multi-omic assessment to study the pathophysiological pathways underlying the disease. …”
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Linking altered neuronal and synaptic properties to nicotinic receptor Alpha5 subunit gene dysfunction: a translational investigation in rat mPFC and human cortical layer 6 by Danqing Yang, Guanxiao Qi, Daniel Delev, Uwe Maskos, Dirk Feldmeyer

“…We performed single cell-electrophysiology combined with morphological reconstructions on layer 6 (L6) excitatory neurons in the medial PFC (mPFC) of wild type (WT) rats, rats carrying the human coding polymorphism rs16969968 in Chrna5 and α5 knockout (KO) rats. Neuronal and synaptic properties were determined for the three rat genotypes. …”
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β-Glucan induced plasma B cells differentiation to enhance antitumor immune responses by Dectin-1 by Yu Bai, Jun Ding, Liuyang He, Zhichao Zhu, Jie Pan, Chunjian Qi

“…Results In vitro experiments demonstrate that β-glucan enhance the differentiation of B220lo CD138+ B cells, up-regulate co-stimulatory molecules, and increase the production of cytokines and Ig in response to various antigens. Using the Dectin-1 knockout mice, we revealed that β-glucan modulate B cell immune responses dependent on Dectin-1 receptor. …”
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人胚胎干细胞神经分化的方法探讨

“…【目的】 利用新建系的人胚胎干细胞株SYSU-7,运用胚体形成的方法,探讨不同的分化条件对胚胎干细胞神经分化的影响【方法】 首先检测人胚胎干细胞株SYSU-7的Oct4SSEA4(stage-specific embryonic antigen-4)TRA-1-60和AKP(Alkaline phosphatase)等胚胎干细胞特异性标志物的表达及体内外三胚层分化的能力;之后,应用含20% Knockout Serum Replacement (KSR)的培养液和神经干细胞培养液(neural progenitor medium, NPM)分别诱导细胞形成悬浮的拟胚体(悬浮时间为4 d或7 d),然后将拟胚体贴壁于多聚鸟氨酸(Polyornithine, PO)和纤维粘连蛋白(Fibronectin, FN)包被的培养皿中继续培养4 ~ 10 d在分化的不同时间点利用免疫荧光染色的方法检测胚胎干细胞和神经细胞相关的标志性抗原【结果】 SYSU-7胚胎干细胞表达未分化细胞特异性标志Oct4SSEA4,TRA-1-60,AKP染色呈强阳性,在体内外具有向三胚层分化的潜能;在体外诱导其向神经分化,结果发现KSR培养液比神经干细胞培养液更有利于胚胎干细胞的神经分化,悬浮生长7 d的拟胚体贴壁后出现特征性的玫瑰花环样结构(rosette structure)的时间更早数量更多【结论】 SYSU-7细胞系具有自我更新及多向分化潜能等胚胎干细胞特性本实验为研究人胚胎干细胞的神经分化提供了新的细胞模型和研究思路…”
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Loss of Myh14 Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in CBA/CaJ Mice by Xiaolong Fu, Linqing Zhang, Yecheng Jin, Xiaoyang Sun, Aizhen Zhang, Zongzhuang Wen, Yichen Zhou, Ming Xia, Jiangang Gao

“…In the present study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to establish a Myh14 knockout mice line in CBA/CaJ background (now referred to as Myh14−/− mice) and clarify the role of MYH14 in the cochlea and NIHL. …”
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Dietary Cocoa Powder Improves Hyperlipidemia and Reduces Atherosclerosis in apoE Deficient Mice through the Inhibition of Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Hua Guan, Yan Lin, Liang Bai, Yingfeng An, Jianan Shang, Zhao Wang, Sihai Zhao, Jianglin Fan, Enqi Liu

“…The aim of our study was to investigate whether the intake of cocoa powder has any influence on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis and examine the underlying molecular mechanisms. We fed apoE knockout mice a Western diet supplemented with either 0.2% (low group) or 2% (high group) cocoa powder for 12 weeks. …”
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TRIM8 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus replication by targeting and ubiquitinately degrading the nucleocapsid protein by Zhenbin Bi, Wei Wang, Shanshen Gu, Yajing Zhou, Zhengchang Wu, Wenbin Bao, Haifei Wang

“…In our study, we found a significant upregulation of TRIM8 following PEDV infection. We created TRIM8 knockout and overexpression cell lines and discovered that TRIM8 can inhibit PEDV replication within host cells. …”
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Deletion of IRS-1 leads to growth failure and insulin resistance with downregulation of liver and muscle insulin signaling in rats by Yuka Toyoshima, Katsuyuki Nakamura, Yusuke Taguchi, Reiko Tokita, Shiho Takeuchi, Hayato Osawa, Naomi Teramoto, Hidetoshi Sugihara, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Keitaro Yamanouchi, Shiro Minami

“…Here, we created IRS-1 knockout (KO) rats to elucidate the physiological roles of IRS-1 in rats. …”
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Phosphorylation of S‐S‐S Motif in Nuclear Export Protein (NEP) Plays a Critical Role in Viral Ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) Nuclear Export of Influenza A and B Viruses by Xiaokun Liu, Cha Yang, Xian Lin, Xiaomei Sun, Huanchun Chen, Qiang Zhang, Meilin Jin

“…In addition, inhibition or knockout of ATM or CK2, two predicated Ser/Thr protein kinases that phosphorylate the S‐S‐S motif, impedes vRNP nuclear export and virus replication in cells and reduces the virulence in vivo. …”
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Contribution of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha to pathogenesis of sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by Sarala Raj Murthi, Andreas Petry, Bachuki Shashikadze, Jan B. Stöckl, Manuel Schmid, Gianluca Santamaria, Karin Klingel, Damir Kračun, Xinpei Chen, Sabine Bauer, Joachim P. Schmitt, Florian Flenkenthaler, Josh Gorham, Christopher N. Toepfer, David Potěšil, Pavel Hruška, Zbyněk Zdráhal, Zsuzsanna Mayer, Mathieu Klop, Luisa Lehmann, Yishi Qin, Laura Papanakli, Nadine Spielmann, Alessandra Moretti, Thomas Fröhlich, Peter Ewert, Stefan Holdenrieder, Jonathan G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman, Agnes Görlach, Cordula M. Wolf

“…Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of Hif-1a attenuates disease phenotype in the mouse model. …”
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Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network of Growth Differentiation-Related lncRNAs and mRNAs in Plectropomus leopardus by Jin GAO, Jinye LIU, Fuxiao CHEN, Yongbo WANG, Shuyuan FU

“…At131 (Atp13a1) plays a crucial role in stabilizing the MAVS virus protein in mice. At131 knockout in mice resulted in issues such as growth retardation and embryonic lethality. …”
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NSUN5 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Increasing SMAD3 Expression by Hexu Han, Chengcheng zhang, Wenbo Shi, Jiawei Wang, Wenhui Zhao, Yanping Du, Zhibin Zhao, Yifan Wang, Maosong Lin, Lei Qin, Xiaoxue Zhao, Qianqian Yin, Yiyi Liu, Zhongqi Wang, Jing Zhang, Xiaomin You, Guoxiong Zhou, Honghui Wu, Jun Ye, Xianzhong He, Weizhong Tian, Hong Yu, Yin Yuan, Qiang Wang

“…Furthermore, elevated levels of NSUN5 enhance EMT processes within HCC cells. NSUN5‐knockout cells exhibit reduced invasion and migration capabilities under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, while overexpression of NSUN5 yields opposing effects. …”
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Importance of OsRac1 in Signalling of Pigm-1 Mediated Resistance to Rice Blast Disease by Dewei Yang, Niqing He, Fenghuang Huang, Jialin Chen, Minxiang Yu, Yidan Jin, Shaojun Lin, Shengping Li

“…At the same time, after knocking out <i>OsRac1</i> in the background of Shuangkang 77009 containing <i>Pigm-1</i>, two knockout lines showed susceptibility to rice blast. …”
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Deficiency of the palmitoyl acyltransferase ZDHHC7 modulates depression-like behaviour in female mice after a mild chronic stress paradigm by Christa Hohoff, Nicole Kerkenberg, Mingyue Zhang, Weronika Palkowska, Lydia Wachsmuth, Maja Peng, Lena Stiehl, Christiane Schettler, Johannes C. S. Zang, Andreas Huge, Evgeni Ponimaskin, Cornelius Faber, Bernhard T. Baune, Weiqi Zhang

“…Female and male Zdhhc7-knockout (KO) and -wildtype (WT) mice underwent a four-week-mild CS paradigm or non-stress control (C) condition. …”
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MMP9-Associated Tumor Stem Cells, CCL1-Silenced Dendritic Cells, and Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Have a Remarkable Therapeutic Efficacy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Activating T... by Min Dong, Guozhen Zhang, Jie Meng, Biou Liu, Duanfeng Jiang, Feng Liu

“…DC-CIK cells with MMP9 and CCL1 knockout alone had little effect on leukemia cells, while knockdown of MMP9 and CCL1 in DC-CIK cells increased cytotoxicity, suppressed proliferation, and induced apoptosis of leukemia cells. …”
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Consequences of the Lack of CD73 and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in the Lymphoid Organs by Gennady G. Yegutkin, Kaisa Auvinen, Marika Karikoski, Pia Rantakari, Heidi Gerke, Kati Elima, Mikael Maksimow, Ileana B. Quintero, Pirkko Vihko, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen

“…Therefore, we analyzed enzymatic activities and leukocyte subtypes of CD73 and PAP knockouts and generated CD73/PAP double knockout mice to elucidate the contribution of CD73 and PAP to immunological parameters. …”
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RNA-binding protein HuR reprograms immune T cells and promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma by Mrinmoyee Majumder, Harinarayanan Janakiraman, Paramita Chakraborty, Anitha Vijayakumar, Sari Mayhue, Hong Yu, Toros Dincman, Romeo Martin, Elizabeth O'Quinn, Shikhar Mehrotra, Viswanathan Palanisamy

“…We examined HuR's effects on oral malignancies and immune cell function in vitro and in vivo using oral carcinoma cells and transgenic HuR knockout (KO) mice. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HuR deletion in mice syngeneic oral cancer cells eliminated colony formation and tumor development. …”
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