Ultrastructural imaging biomarkers in diabetic macular edema: A major review by Sagnik Sen, Hagar Khalid, Prithviraj Udaya, Rajiv Raman, Ranjan Rajendram, Zein ElHousseini, Luke Nicholson, Naresh Babu Kannan, Kim Ramasamy, Thandavarayan Kumaragurupari

“…Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are the mainstay of treatment for DME, with steroid implants being used for the treatment of anti-VEGF resistant eyes. …”
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Extracellular vesicles—a new player in the development of urinary bladder cancer by Damian Kasiński, Kamil Szeliski, Tomasz Drewa, Marta Pokrywczyńska

“…EVs isolated from urinary bladder cancer cells affect other lower-grade cancer cells or normal cells by inducing different metabolic pathways (transforming growth factor β/Smads pathway; phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway) that promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition. …”
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Advances in Research Related to MicroRNA for Diabetic Retinopathy by Yahan Luo, Chunxia Li

“…Several treatments for DR are known, primarily ophthalmic treatment based on glycemia, blood pressure, and lipid control, which includes laser photocoagulation, glucocorticoids, vitrectomy, and antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications. Despite the clinical efficacy of the aforementioned therapies, none of them can entirely shorten the clinical course of DR or reverse retinopathy. …”
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Establishment of a Rapid and Convenient Fluoroimmunoassay Platform Using Antibodies Against PDL1 and HER2 by Ji Eun Choi, Hanool Yun, Hee-Jin Jeong

“…In this study, we developed a simple and rapid fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) using fluorescent dye-conjugated antibody fragments against programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) and human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). We optimized key steps in the FLISA process, including antigen immobilization, blocking, and antibody reaction, reading the assay time to 3 h—significantly faster compared to the 23 h duration of usual FLISA. …”
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Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: State of the Art and Future Perspectives by Karima Oualla, Loay Kassem, Lamiae Nouiakh, Lamiae Amaadour, Zineb Benbrahim, Samia Arifi, Nawfel Mellas

“…Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancers and is associated with an aggressive evolution and poor outcomes with the majority of recurrences and deaths occurring in the first 5 years. …”
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Feline Neural Progenitor Cells I: Long-Term Expansion under Defined Culture Conditions by Jing Yang, Jinmei Wang, Ping Gu, X. Joann You, Henry Klassen

“…The Ultraculture-based cultures expressed lower levels of progenitor and lineage-associated markers under proliferation conditions but retained multipotency as evidenced by the ability to differentiate into neurons and glia following growth factor removal in the presence of FBS. Importantly, later passage cNPCs did not develop chromosomal aberrations.…”
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Combination Treatment of C16 Peptide and Angiopoietin-1 Alleviates Neuromyelitis Optica in an Experimental Model by Yuanyuan Zhang, Kewei Tian, Hong Jiang, Beibei Wang, Shu Han

“…We then tested whether the combination of C16, an αvβ3 integrin-binding peptide, and angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), a member of the endothelial growth factor family, could alleviate NMO in the model. …”
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Drug Screening of Flavonoids as Potential VEGF Inhibitors Through Computational Docking and Cell Models by Shengying Lin, Roy Wai-Lun Tang, Yutong Ye, Chenxi Xia, Jiahui Wu, Ran Duan, Ka-Wing Leung, Tina Ting-Xia Dong, Karl Wah-Keung Tsim

“…Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as VEGF-A, has been linked to various diseases, such as wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) and cancer. …”
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Prediction of angiogenesis suppression by myricetin from Aeginetia indica via inhibiting VEGFR2 signaling pathway using computer-aided analysis by Marjanur Rahman Bhuiyan, Khondoker Shahin Ahmed, Md Sharif Reza, Hemayet Hossain, Syed Mumtahin Mannan Siam, Shahriar Nayan, Sarah Jafrin, Sadikur Rahman Shuvo, A.F.M.Shahid Ud Daula

“…Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) plays a pivotal role in promoting angiogenesis and contributing to the growth and progression of renal cancer. …”
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Rosuvastatin, Sildenafil and Their Combination in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat by Jasińska-Stroschein Magdalena, Owczarek Jacek, Wesołowska Anna, Orszulak-Michalak Daria

“…Right ventricular pressure, right ventricle mass and three biomarkers were evaluated after 21 days: brain natriuretic peptide, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and vascular endothelial growth factor. The present study demonstrates that administration of hydrophilic statin with sildenafil results in reduction of pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular pressure. …”
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GM1 Ganglioside Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Tendon Stem Cells by Sonia Bergante, Pasquale Creo, Marco Piccoli, Andrea Ghiroldi, Alessandra Menon, Federica Cirillo, Paola Rota, Michelle M. Monasky, Giuseppe Ciconte, Carlo Pappone, Pietro Randelli, Luigi Anastasia

“…Mechanistically, we found that GM1 supplementation caused a reduction in the phosphorylation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), which is a known inhibitor of osteogenic commitment. …”
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CTGF Attenuates Tendon-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cell Aging by Yun-feng Rui, Min-hao Chen, Ying-juan Li, Long-fei Xiao, Peng Geng, Pei Wang, Zheng-yuan Xu, Xuan-pu Zhang, Guang-chun Dai

“…Here, we investigated the role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in TSPC aging. CTGF protein and mRNA levels were markedly decreased in the aged TSPCs. …”
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Myofibroblasts emerge during alveolar regeneration following influenza-virus-induced lung injury by Ali Khadim, Georgios Kiliaris, Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz, Tara Procida-Kowalski, David Glaser, Marek Bartkuhn, Tanya Malik, Xuran Chu, Alena Moiseenko, Irina Kuznetsova, Negah Ahmadvand, Arun Lingampally, Stefan Hadzic, Ioannis Alexopoulos, Yuexin Chen, Andreas Günther, Jürgen Behr, Jens Neumann, Herbert B. Schiller, Xiaokun Li, Norbert Weissmann, Thomas Braun, Werner Seeger, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Rory E. Morty, Susanne Herold, Elie El Agha

“…Although AMF-like cells share a similar transcriptomic signature with myofibroblasts that are associated with aberrant repair and fibrosis, these cells do not derive from fibroblast growth factor 10-positive alveolar fibroblasts, and their dysregulation is associated with failed alveolar regeneration in humans. …”
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Nucleus pulposus cell network modelling in the intervertebral disc by Sofia Tseranidou, Maria Segarra-Queralt, Francis Kiptengwer Chemorion, Christine Lyn Le Maitre, Janet Piñero, Jérôme Noailly

“…Model validation through published studies replicated pro-catabolic and pro-anabolic shifts, emphasizing the roles of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in ECM regulation. …”
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Discussion on the mechanism of HER2 resistance in esophagogastric junction and gastric cancer in the era of immunotherapy by Yan Zhang, Wenxuan Fan, Fei Su, Xiaoling Zhang, Yunyi Du, Weiling Li, Yangjun Gao, Wenqing Hu, Jun Zhao

“…Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a critical biomarker and therapeutic target in gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancers, despite the initial success of HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, resistance to these drugs has emerged as a major impediment to effective long-term treatment. …”
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Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Anti-VEGF Agents: Predictive Factors of Long-Term Visual Outcomes by Ana Catarina Pedrosa, Tiago Sousa, João Pinheiro-Costa, João Beato, Manuel S. Falcão, Fernando Falcão-Reis, Angela Carneiro

“…To evaluate the predictive factors of long-term visual outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents. Methods. Unicentric retrospective review of patients with nAMD treated with anti-VEGF agents. …”
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Rice endosperm and bran proteins ameliorate diabetic osteoporosis in Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats by Masatoshi Kubota, Shogo Sugaki, Erika Komori, Reiko Watanabe, Yuki Higuchi, Yukikazu Harada, Hiroyuki Hashimoto, Shinobu Fujimura, Motoni Kadowaki

“…Feeding casein to Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats increased their serum fibroblast growth factor 23 and parathyroid hormone concentrations, suggesting relative excess phosphorus intake, a low serum osteocalcin concentration, and a slightly elevated serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b concentration, indicating bone catabolism. …”
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Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro by Claudia J. Labrador-Rached, Rebecca T. Browning, Laura K. Braydich-Stolle, Kristen K. Comfort

“…However, lower, subtoxic PtNP concentrations were able to elicit multiple stress responses, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 dependent signal transduction. Taken together, this work suggests that PtNPs would not be overtly toxic for acute exposures, but sustained cellular interactions might produce long term health consequences.…”
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Comprehensive treatment of the macular edema in patients with retinal vein occlusion and hemostasis system disturbances by T.V. Shelkovnikova, Kh.P. Takhchidi, G.V. Vavin, N.Yu. Barkova, N.Yu. Shishlyannikova

“…<br> <br> <b>Key words:</b> retinal vein occlusion, macular edema, hemostasis, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, lupus anticoagulant.<br> <b>For citation:</b> Shelkovnikova T.V., Takhchidi Kh.P., Vavin G.V. et al. …”
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Impact of Bone-Modifying Agents on Post-Bone Metastasis Survival Across Cancer Types by Hironari Tamiya, Kazumi Nishino, Yuji Kato, Reina Nakahashi-Kato, Yurika Kosuga-Tsujimoto, Shota Kinoshita, Rie Suzuki, Makiyo Watanabe, Toru Wakamatsu, Shigeki Kakunaga, Satoshi Takenaka

“…Moreover, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that this was particularly evident in cancer types with poor prognosis such as GI cancer (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40–0.95; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and NSCLC without the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.34–0.91; <i>p</i> < 0.05). …”
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