Diagnostics and Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia (Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Gastroenterological Association, Russian Scientific Medical Society of Internal Medicine, Russ... by V. T. Ivashkin, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. V. Maev, O. M. Drapkina, A. I. Martynov, O. A. Storonova, E. A. Godgello, M. P. Korolev, T. L. Lapina, P. V. Pavlov, A. V. Paraskevova, I. A. Tarasova, E. D. Fedorov, A. T. Tskhovrebov, M. P. Shapka, A. L. Shestakov, A. V. Yurasov

“…In recent years, high-resolution esophageal manometry has been recognized as the gold standard for achalasia diagnostics. To analyse the obtained data, the Chicago classification is recommended — it allows to ascertain the type of achalasia, which determines the choice of treatment method and the assessment of the prognosis of the therapy effectiveness. …”
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Concordance of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cytology with Respect to Histological Diagnosis of Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study by Richa Singh, Krachi Agarwal, Preeti Agarwal, Madhu Kumar, Malti Kumari Maurya, Riddhi Jaiswal, Ajay Kumar Singh, Anand Srivastava

“…Histological diagnosis was considered the gold standard and the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and NPV of BAL were calculated. …”
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A Digital Tool for Clinical Evidence–Driven Guideline Development by Studying Properties of Trial Eligible and Ineligible Populations: Development and Usability Study by Shahzad Mumtaz, Megan McMinn, Christian Cole, Chuang Gao, Christopher Hall, Magalie Guignard-Duff, Huayi Huang, David A McAllister, Daniel R Morales, Emily Jefferson, Bruce Guthrie

“… BackgroundClinical guideline development preferentially relies on evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are gold-standard methods to evaluate the efficacy of treatments with the highest internal validity but limited external validity, in the sense that their findings may not always be applicable to or generalizable to clinical populations or population characteristics. …”
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Evaluation of three diagnostic algorithms to reduce normal scan rates, radiation exposure and costs in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome referred for 82Rb-Positron... by Christian Müller, Damian Wild, Philip Haaf, Felix Mahfoud, Michael J Zellweger, Simon M Frey, Gabrielle Huré, Jan-Philipp Leibfarth, Kathrin Thommen, Melissa L Amrein, Ibrahim Schaefer, Klara Rumora, Igor G Schneider, Federico Caobelli

“…The proportion of missed ischemia, number of scans and reduction of normal scan results, radiation exposure and costs were compared with the current gold standard (CACS+PET in every patient). Endpoints were defined as small ischemia (SDS ≥2) and relevant ischemia (≥10% of myocardium).Results The mean age of the patients was 65±11 years, and 43% were female. …”
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Bromfenac in ophthalmic practice by M.L. Maximov, A.A. Zveginceva, I.D. Kanner, N.M. Lapkin

“…While corticosteroids are the gold standard for inflammatory ocular diseases, comparative studies on the efficacy of NSAIDs and corticosteroids have demonstrated no significant differences in outcomes. …”
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Therapy for Dupuytren’s Disease (II): Collagenase Therapy vs. Limited Fasciectomy—A Long-Term Comparative Study by Nikolaus Wachtel, Francesca Romana Dingler, Constanze Kuhlmann, Sinan Mert, Elisabeth Maria Haas-Lützenberger, Verena Alt, Nicholas Moellhoff, Riccardo Giunta, Wolfram Demmer

“…However, studies on the long-term success rate when compared to the gold standard, surgical limited fasciectomy, are limited. …”
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Geodynamics of basins above subducted slabs: An integrated modelling study of tectonics, sedimentation, and magmatism in the Timok Magmatic Complex by Stojadinović Uroš, Toljić Marinko, Trivić Branislav, Pantović Radoje, Srećković-Batoćanin Danica, Krstekanić Nemanja, Kostić Bojan, Velojić Miloš, Stefanović Jelena, Ranđelović Nikola, Maleš Maja

“…The new model of the TMC basin’s geodynamic evolution will quantitatively advance the strategy of prospecting and exploration of world‐class porphyry copper‐ gold deposits, which have been actively exploited in this region for more than a century. …”
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Erratum to ‘Cost differences between autologous and nonautologous cranioplasty implants: A propensity score–matched value driven outcomes analysis’ [World Neurosurgery: X (22C) (20... by Matthew Findlay, Sawyer Z. Bauer, Diwas Gautam, Matthew Holdaway, Robert B. Kim, Walid K. Salah, Spencer Twitchell, Sarah T. Menacho, Gurpreet S. Gandhoke, Ramesh Grandhi

“…Objective: Despite having higher rates of failure and revision than other implant materials, autologous bone implants are the historical gold standard for restoring cranial defects after decompressive hemicraniectomy. …”
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Use of artificial intelligence for gestational age estimation: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Sabahat Naz, Sahir Noorani, Syed Ali Jaffar Zaidi, Abdu R. Rahman, Saima Sattar, Jai K. Das, Jai K. Das, Zahra Hoodbhoy

“…The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the accuracy of AI models in assessing GA against US as the gold standard.MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Wiley Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. …”
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Silent magnetic resonance angiography diagnostic value of intracranial unruptured aneurysms by Bin Lv, Tingyang Zhang, Ning Wang, Lu Liu, Mingyu Li, Meng Li, Mingguang Sun, Xiao Zang, Xinfeng Liu, Rongju Zhang, Xiangyu Cao, Zhihua Du, Jun Wang, Jinhao Lyu, Xueyang Wang, Qi Duan, Fangfang Guo, Xin Lou, Chenglin Tian

“…Using DSA results as the gold standard, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of S-MRA and 3D-TOF MRA, as well as their accuracy in measuring aneurysm size and identifying aneurysms with daughter sacs. …”
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Patient satisfaction with radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag localization compared with wire localization for nonpalpable breast lesions: the RFID trial by Raphaël Pete, Céleste Pinard, Fanny Sirodot, Ioana Molnar, Margot Dressaire, Angeline Ginzac, Catherine Abrial, Xavier Durando, Marielle Tekath

“…An accurate preoperative localization technique is essential for conservative surgery of non-palpable breast lesions. Currently, the gold standard technique is wire localization (WL). …”
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PretoxTM: a text mining system for extracting treatment-related findings from preclinical toxicology reports by Javier Corvi, Nicolás Díaz-Roussel, José M. Fernández, Francesco Ronzano, Emilio Centeno, Pablo Accuosto, Celine Ibrahim, Shoji Asakura, Frank Bringezu, Mirjam Fröhlicher, Annika Kreuchwig, Yoko Nogami, Jeong Rih, Raul Rodriguez-Esteban, Nicolas Sajot, Joerg Wichard, Heng-Yi Michael Wu, Philip Drew, Thomas Steger-Hartmann, Alfonso Valencia, Laura I. Furlong, Salvador Capella-Gutierrez

“…The PretoxTM Corpus is a gold standard corpus of preclinical treatment-related findings annotated by toxicology experts. …”
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Early Markers of Liver Fibrosis in Children with Beta-thalassaemia Major: A Cross-sectional Study by Himani Aggarwal, Monica Verma, Shuchi Bhalla, Dinkar Yadav, Kapil Bhalla, Abhishek Soni

“…Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard; however, it is burdened with a multitude of risks, highlighting the need for ongoing studies to evaluate the risk of fibrosis using less invasive methods. …”
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Do continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics predict macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes? The FACULTY protocol of a retrospective real-world cohort study by Eric Vicaut, Ramzi A Ajjan, J Seufert, Gérard de Pouvourville, Emmanuel Cosson, Laure Carcaillon-Bentata, Tadej Battelino, Patrick Blin, Fleur Levrat-Guillen, Michael Joubert

“…Introduction Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for assessing glycaemic control in diabetes, given the established relationship with microvascular and macrovascular complications in this condition. …”
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Microvascular decompression: a contemporary update by Inibehe Ime Okon, Sidharth Sunil Menon, Mahmoud Osama, Maidan Aiman, Luis F. Fabrini Paleare, Don Lucero-Prisno Eliseo, Muhammad Danish Shafqat, Chizowa Okwuchukwu Ezeaku, Márcio Yuri Ferreira, Youssef Razouqi, Marianna Kapsetaki, Jovy Dia Remolino Saniel, Naneta M. Panit, Asad Gul Rao, Umer Iqbal, Daniel David Otobo, Ibraheem M. Alkhawaldeh, Felipe Salvagni Pereira, Imad Akbar, Omar Kasimieh, Bipin Chaurasia

“…Abstract Background Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the gold-standard surgical treatment for cranial nerve compression disorders, including trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm (HFS), and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN). …”
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First Clinical Experience of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Tertiary Cancer Center: Identifying Pearls and Pitfalls by Akram Al-Ibraheem, Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir, Ula Al-Rasheed, Dhuha Al-Adhami, Feras Istatieh, Farah Anwar, Marwah Abdulrahman, Rula Amarin, Issa Mohamad, Asem Mansour

“…This retrospective study aims to explore tracer uptake metrics across various epithelial neoplasms, identify diagnostic pitfalls associated with ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT, and evaluate the influence of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT staging results on changes in therapeutic intent compared to gold standard molecular imaging modalities. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 48 patients with biopsy-confirmed solid tumors underwent 77 ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT examinations for molecular imaging assessment, encompassing neoplasms originating from the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, hepatobiliary system, pancreas, breast, and lung. …”
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Robotic-assisted surgery and kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty (RASKAL study): a protocol of a national registry-nested, multicentre, 2×2 factorial randomised trial as... by Ian A Harris, Samuel J MacDessi, Aziz Bhimani, Darren B Chen, Ian Harris, Michelle Lorimer, David Parker, Tamara Hooper, Richard Boyle, Jonathan Mulford, Daniel Franks, Gregory C Wernecke, Durga Bastiras, Emma Heath, Anthony Leong, Brett Fristch, David Penn, George Kirsh, John Limbers, Julian Yu, Maurice Guzman, Peter McEwen

“…This study aims to assess the effectiveness of RAS, KA or both to improve clinical outcomes, functional measures, radiographic precision and prosthetic survivorship when compared with current gold standards of surgical care.Methods and analysis A national registry-nested, multicentre, double-blinded, 2×2 factorial, randomised trial will be undertaken with 300 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA performed by 15 surgeons. …”
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Toward Sustainable Biocultural Ecotourism: An Integrated Spatial Analysis of Cultural and Biodiversity Richness in Colombia by Alejandra Echeverri, Natasha M. Batista, Stacie Wolny, Guido A. Herrera‐R, Federico Andrade‐Rivas, Allison Bailey, Anaid Cardenas‐Navarrete, Armando Dávila Arenas, Andres Felipe Díaz‐Salazar, Katherine Victoria Hernandez, Kelley E. Langhans, Bryam E. Mateus‐Aguilar, Dallas Levey, Andrew Neill, Oliver Nguyen, Andres Felipe Suárez‐Castro, Felipe Zapata, Natalia Ocampo‐Peñuela

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Rapid antigen testing by community health workers for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study by Mahbubur Rahman, Ayesha Sania, Seonjoo Lee, Tahmina Shirin, A S M Alamgir, Yael K Rayport, Ahmed Nawsher Alam, Joanna Andrecka, Eric Brum, Fergus Chadwick, Tasnuva Chowdhury, Zakiul Hasan, Davina L Hill, Farzana Khan, Mikolaj Kundegorski, Motahara Tasneem, Katie Hampson

“…Community health workers, who were trained and supervised by medical technicians, performed rapid antigen tests on symptomatic individuals, and up to two additional household members in their households and diagnostic results were calibrated against the gold standard RT-PCR.Setting Low-income communities in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Participants Between 19 May 2021 and 11 July 2021, 1240 nasal and saliva samples were collected from symptomatic individuals and 993 samples from additional household members (up to two from one household).Results The sensitivity of rapid antigen tests was 0.68 on nasal samples (95% CI 0.62 to 0.73) and 0.41 on saliva (95% CI 0.35 to 0.46), with specificity also higher on nasal samples (0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) than saliva (0.87, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.90). …”
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Common pathogenic aspects of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Kidney transplantation and the course of diabetic retinopathy by I.V. Vorobyeva, L.K. Moshetova, A.V. Pinchuk, Е.V. Bulava, E.P. Delver, A.A. Belogurov

“…Proteinuria was long considered the gold standard to evaluate and monitor kidney functions. …”
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