Cancer stem cells and tumor-associated macrophages as mates in tumor progression: mechanisms of crosstalk and advanced bioinformatic tools to dissect their phenotypes and interacti... by Francesco Verona, Sebastiano Di Bella, Roberto Schirano, Camilla Manfredi, Francesca Angeloro, Giulia Bozzari, Matilde Todaro, Matilde Todaro, Giuseppe Giannini, Giuseppe Giannini, Giorgio Stassi, Veronica Veschi

“…The aggressive behavior of CSCs is guided by several intracellular signaling pathways such as WNT, NF-kappa-B, NOTCH, Hedgehog, JAK-STAT, PI3K/AKT1/MTOR, TGF/SMAD, PPAR and MAPK kinases, as well as extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, and extracellular signaling molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, pro-angiogenetic and growth factors, which finely regulate CSC phenotype. …”
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Paracrine Proangiogenic Function of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Not Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease by Femke C. C. van Rhijn-Brouwer, Bas W. M. van Balkom, Diana A. Papazova, Diënty H. M. Hazenbrink, Anke J. Meijer, Isaac Brete, Vidalmar Briceno, Arjan D. van Zuilen, Raechel J. Toorop, Joost O. Fledderus, Hendrik Gremmels, Marianne C. Verhaar

“…Bone marrow- (BM-) derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) enhance tissue repair and induce neoangiogenesis through paracrine action of secreted proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Administration of allogeneic BM MSCs is less desirable in a patient population likely to require a kidney transplant, but potency of autologous MSCs should be confirmed, given previous indications that CKD-induced dysfunction is present. …”
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Cell culture expansion media choice affects secretory, protective and immuno-modulatory features of adipose mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretomes for orthopaedic applications by Enrico Ragni, Andrea Papait, Michela Maria Taiana, Paola De Luca, Giulio Grieco, Elsa Vertua, Pietro Romele, Cecilia Colombo, Antonietta Rosa Silini, Ornella Parolini, Laura de Girolamo

“…Alongside cells, their released factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs), overall termed “secretome”, are actively sifted being envisioned as the main therapeutic actors. …”
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Golgi-restored vesicular replenishment retards bone aging and empowers aging bone regeneration by Peisheng Liu, Hao Guo, Xiaoyao Huang, Anqi Liu, Ting Zhu, Chenxi Zheng, Fei Fu, Kaichao Zhang, Shijie Li, Xinyan Luo, Jiongyi Tian, Yan Jin, Kun Xuan, Bingdong Sui

“…Interestingly, replenishment of cell aggregates-derived extracellular vesicles (CA-EVs) rescues Golgi dysfunction and empowers senescent MSCs through the Golgi regulatory protein Syntaxin 5. …”
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Research Progress on Stem Cell Therapies for Articular Cartilage Regeneration by Shuangpeng Jiang, Guangzhao Tian, Xu Li, Zhen Yang, Fuxin Wang, Zhuang Tian, Bo Huang, Fu Wei, Kangkang Zha, Zhiqiang Sun, Xiang Sui, Shuyun Liu, Weimin Guo, Quanyi Guo

“…The application of stem cell derivatives, such as conditioned media, extracellular vesicles, and extracellular matrix, is an extension of stem cell paracrine theory. …”
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Brown Adipose Tissue undergoes pathological perturbations and shapes C2C12 myoblast homeostasis in the SOD1-G93A mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Marco Rosina, Silvia Scaricamazza, Flaminia Riggio, Gianmarco Fenili, Flavia Giannessi, Alessandro Matteocci, Valentina Nesci, Illari Salvatori, Daniela F. Angelini, Katia Aquilano, Valerio Chiurchiù, Daniele Lettieri Barbato, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Cristiana Valle, Alberto Ferri

“…We focused our attention on brown adipose tissue (BAT) and its secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) given their role in regulating systemic energy balance. …”
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Increasing the biomolecular relevance of cell culture practice by Raluca E. Ghebosu, Lawrence Hui, Joy Wolfram

“…This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of common supplements, including context-dependent considerations for supplement selection to improve biomolecular relevance, especially in nanomedicine and extracellular vesicle research.…”
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Synergistic strategies for glioblastoma treatment: CRISPR-based multigene editing combined with immune checkpoint blockade by Xiaolin Liu, Xiao Liu, Xiaonan Luo, Maorong Zhu, Nannan Liu, Juan Li, Qi Zhang, Cheng Zou, Yuxin Wu, Zhengcong Cao, Shuangxin Ma, Weizhong Wang, Guangzhao Yang, Jintao Gu, Wei Liu, Meng Li, Anan Yin, Yalong He, Wei Lin

“…Thus, we have developed an engineered multifunctional extracellular vesicle (EV) delivery system that offers an "all-in-one" strategy for GBM therapy. …”
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Increasing the concentration of plasma molecules improves the biological activity of platelet-rich plasma for tissue regeneration by Mikel Sánchez, Jon Mercader Ruiz, Daniel Marijuán Pinel, Pello Sánchez, Nicolás Fiz, Jorge Guadilla, Juan Azofra, Maider Beitia, Diego Delgado

“…Different growth factor (GF) levels were measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and in addition to the increase in intra-platelet GFs found in standard PRP (sPRP), BPCP also showed a higher concentration of plasmatic protein. Furthermore, extracellular vesicle (EV) concentration was significantly higher in BPCP. …”
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IL6 Induces mtDNA Leakage to Affect the Immune Escape of Endometrial Carcinoma via cGAS-STING by Xue Zeng, Xiaosong Li, Yundong Zhang, Chaoxia Cao, Qin Zhou

“…Here, we found that IL6 increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by enhancing the NADPH oxidase (NOX) level and induced mtDNA leakage in EC cells, which further caused the activation of the downstream cGAS-STING signaling and increased production of extracellular vesicle (EV) production from EC cells. Besides, the activation of cGAS-STING signaling enhanced the expression of type I IFN and its downstream molecule PD-L1 through the TBK1-IRF3 pathway. …”
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MicroRNAs signatures as potential molecular markers in mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis by Natalia Vargas-Rondón, Yeimy González-Giraldo, Ángela Y. García Fonseca, Janneth Gonzalez, Andrés Felipe Aristizabal-Pachon

“…Therefore, in this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the miRNAs commonly deregulated in MCI, focusing on expression profiles in plasma, serum, and extracellular vesicle samples. Our analysis identified eight upregulated miRNAs, including hsa-miR-149-3p, and four downregulated miRNAs, such as Let-7f-5p. …”
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tiRNA-Gln-CTG is Involved in the Regulation of Trophoblast Cell Function in Pre-eclampsia and Serves as a Potent Biomarker by Yixiao Wang, Xiaohong Ji, Hengmei Shi, Sicong Liu, Hong Yu

“…In vitro experiments revealed that tiRNA-Gln-CTG influences the proliferation, cycling, migration, and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells, possibly by targeting the 3′UTR region of thrombospondin-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for degradation. Extracellular vesicle (EV) carriers may mediate the level of tiRNA-Gln-CTG in the circulation. …”
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