The predictive effects of adiponectin and irisin hormones on diagnosis and clinical involvement of Sarcoidosis by Huseyin Kaya, Hasim Boyaci, Serap Argun Baris, Ilknur Basyigit, Ozgur Doga Ozsoy, Hale Maral Kir

“…Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is a chronic disease of unknown etiology characterised by systemic non-caseating granulomas that can affect any organ in the body, especially the lungs and in which genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role in its pathophysiology. …”
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Cancer Mortality by Ethnicity in Colombia Between 2011 and 2022: A Population-Based Study by Maria Camila Urrea Suescun, Isabel C. Garcés-Palacio, Amr S. Soliman

“…Compared to the Mestizo population, Raizales and Afro-Colombians experienced disproportionately higher age-standardized mortality rates due to prostate cancer (26.6/100,000 and 8.6/100,000 vs. 8.1/100,000), and for Raizales and Rom breast cancer (14.0/100,000 and 103.2/100,000 vs. 9.1/100,000).ConclusionThe disparities in cancer mortality in ethnic minorities in Colombia call for investigating cancer etiology and access to care among the Rom and the Raizal populations.…”
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Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated adverse events in children-A scoping review to inform development of a core outcome set. by Jan Łukasik, Qin Guo, Leah Boulos, Hania Szajewska, Bradley C Johnston

“…Diarrhea duration, severity, and etiology were reported in 9, 4, and 7 studies, respectively. …”
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Management of Anal Fistula with Crohn's Disease by Shota Takano, Yasushi Nakamura, Kohei Tamaoka, Takafumi Yoshimoto, Yasue Irei, Yoriyuki Tsuji

“…Perianal fistulizing CD (PFCD) has an unknown etiology and recurring symptoms such as pain and discharge, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life (QOL). …”
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Powassan Encephalitis: A Case Report from New York, USA by Danielle A. Bazer, Matthew Orwitz, Nicholas Koroneos, Olga Syritsyna, Elizabeth Wirkowski

“…The Powassan virus is a known etiology for encephalitis in North America. Although the peak incidence of transmission is in the summer and fall, this does not exclude transmission during other seasons. …”
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Surgical site infection following incisional negative pressure wound therapy in lower limb amputation closure: A randomized controlled trial by Satya Prakash Meena, Spoorthi D. Shetty, Mayank Badkur, Mahendra Lodha, Mahaveer Singh Rodha, Ramkaran Chaudhary, Naveen Sharma

“…BACKGROUND: Major amputations are a standard procedure being done for various etiologies of the lower limb. Surgical site infections often complicate the postoperative outcome of patients. …”
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Recurrence of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine Administered Shortly after COVID-19 by Korin Karabulut, Ana Andronikashvili, Ahmet Hakki Kapici

“…Most of the cases are the result of acquired deficiency of ADAMTS13, for which the exact etiology is unknown but reported to be related to various autoimmune disorders, infections, and medications. …”
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Chromosomal abnormalities in children as a predictor of the development of congenital heart and vascular diseases by Z.V. Selska, O.R. Sadova, V.I. Bobrova, K.E. Popov

“…The complexity and diversity of cardiovascular defects is traditionally explained by multifactorial etiology, due to the interaction between several genes and environmental factors (the so-called “polygenic model”), but chromosomal abnormalities are often the leading factor in the occurrence of CHDs. …”
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MICROBIAL PATTERNS OF HOSPITALIZED HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS ADMITTED IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL, SURABAYA INDONESIA by Feriawan Tan, Erwin Astha Triyono, Manik Retno Wahyunitisari

“…In Indonesia currently, there is no bacterial epidemiological mapping of the etiology of opportunistic infections in HIV patients. …”
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PMMB COVID-19 Bulletin: Spain (18th April 2020) by Hooi-Leng Ser, Vengadesh Letchumanan, Jodi Woan-Fei Law, Loh Teng-Hern Tan, Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib, Learn-Han Lee

“…Fast forward to the last month of 2019, the WHO China Country Office was informed of pneumonia cases with unknown etiology, which later on determined a new type of coronavirus known as SARSCoV-2. …”
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Kidney and gallbladder stones and the risk of prostate cancer: Results from the EPICAP study. by Melissa Sawaya, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Pierre-Jean Lamy, Brigitte Trétarre, Florence Menegaux

“…Despite its high morbidity and mortality rates, the etiology of prostate cancer remains relatively unknown, with only non-modifiable established risk factors. …”
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Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as acute hypercalcemic crisis: a case report by Gia Gill, Veena Agrawal, Paul Kerr

“…Conclusion This case gives potential insight into the etiology of hyperparathyroid crisis, and the difficulty in achieving control of hypercalcemia with medical means. …”
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The Associations of COVID-19 Induced Anxiety, Related Knowledge and Protective Behavior by Abanoub Riad, Yi Huang, Liping Zheng, Steriani Elavsky

“…On the last day of 2019, 44 pneumonia cases with unknown etiology were reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office of China. …”
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Current knowledge about early childhood caries in the gulf cooperation council with worldwide reflection: Scoping review of the scientific literature (2010-2021). by Asmaa Othman Alkhtib, Hasaan G Mohamed

“…Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic childhood diseases affecting the primary teeth of children younger than 6 years of age. The disease etiology is complex and includes social, biological, and dietary factors. …”
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Rising Healthcare Costs and Utilization among Young Adults with Cirrhosis in Ontario: A Population-Based Study by Jeffrey B. Ames, Maya Djerboua, Norah A. Terrault, Christopher M. Booth, Jennifer A. Flemming

“…For cirrhosis, the results were further stratified by etiology and decompensation status. Results. Total direct healthcare spending from 2007 to 2016 increased by 84% for cirrhosis, 50% for IBD, and 41% for asthma. …”
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Epidemiology of Liver Cancer in Europe by F Xavier Bosch, Josepa Ribes

“…Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the etiology of LC is well established. In Europe, 28% of LC cases have been attributed to chronic HBV infection and 21% to HCV infection. …”
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Cyclophotocoagulation in Neovascular Glaucoma with Near-Total Synechial Angle Closure by Jessie Wang, Lindsay Y. Chun, Mary Qiu

“…Eight patients with mean age 60.6 years were included. Underlying etiologies were CRVO (N=3), PDR (N=2), CRAO (N=1), BRVO (N=1), and chronic RD (N=1). …”
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The Challenges of Distinguishing Different Causes of TMA in a Pregnant Kidney Transplant Recipient by A. Krelle, S. Price, M. M. Law, S. Kranz, P. Shamdasani, S. Kane, J. Unterscheider, P. Champion de Crespigny

“…Kidney biopsy showed TMA, but the etiology was unclear. This report highlights the diagnostic dilemma of TMA in a pregnant kidney transplant recipient and a role for the anti-C5 terminal complement blockade monoclonal antibody eculizumab, in pregnancy-associated TMA, especially at a peri-viable gestation.…”
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Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Loci Identified in GATA2 and ZMIZ1 in Chinese Population by Hui-Jing Zhang, Zhongyuan Liu, Liang Kan

“…These findings greatly extended our knowledge of the etiology of PCa.…”
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Genetic Variations in Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway Genes and Risk of Allergic Rhinitis by Wenlong Liu, Qingxiang Zeng, Yinhui Zeng, Yiquan Tang, Renzhong Luo

“…Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most frequent inflammatory disorder in the nasal mucosa that remains unclear etiology. Mounting studies suggested that genetic instability could trigger and worsen the inflammatory response. …”
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