A Possible Novel Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism for the Pharmacological Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate: Implications for Use as a Therapeutic for Parkinson’s Disea... by Shankar J. Chinta, Subramanian Rajagopalan, Abirami Ganesan, Julie K. Andersen

“…Although the precise etiology of PD is unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that PD involves microglial activation that exerts neurotoxic effects through production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress. …”
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16S rRNA and Omp31 Gene Based Molecular Characterization of Field Strains of B. melitensis from Aborted Foetus of Goats in India by Ajay Singh, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Amit Kumar, Vikas Kumar Singh, Shivasharanappa Nayakwadi

“…Thus, to formulate an effective control strategy, the status of etiological agent is essential. To cope up with these, the present study was conducted to isolate and identify the prevalent Brucella species in caprine brucellosis in India. …”
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Visceral Myopathy Presenting as Acute Appendicitis and Ogilvie Syndrome by Punyaram Kharbuja, Raghvendra Thakur, Jian Suo

“…Visceral myopathy is rare pathological condition of gastrointestinal tract with uncertain clinical presentation and unknown etiology. It often presents with symptoms of chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction of colon. …”
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Diagnosis of Vitreoretinal Aspergillosis with Transvitreal Retinochoroidal Biopsy by Krishi Peddada, Nida M. Khan, Jascha Rubin, Haykanush Zakaryan, Yaobin Liu, Nikolay Popnikolov, Roshun Sangani, Weiye Li

“…Diagnosing culture-proven endophthalmitis is complicated by the insufficient yield of intraocular samples and the variety of etiologies which mimic true endophthalmitis. In cases of impending vision loss where vitreous biopsy cannot provide a definitive diagnosis, transvitreal retinochoroidal biopsy can be an effective next step. …”
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Accumulation of Deficits as a Proxy Measure of Aging by Arnold B. Mitnitski, Alexander J. Mogilner, Kenneth Rockwood

“…This pattern reflects an increase in uncompensated deficits in impaired organisms, which would lead to illness of various etiologies, and ultimately to increased mortality. The accumulation of deficits is as an example of a macroscopic variable, i.e., one that reflects general properties of aging at the level of the whole organism rather than any given functional deficiency. …”
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Evaluation of Cognitive Schemas Based on the Presence of Anxiety Disorder among Coronary Artery Disease Patients by Huri ASLAN, İbrahim TAYMUR, M. Hakan TÜRKÇAPAR

“…Objective: The relationship between psychological factors and cardiac diseases has been concerned for a long but our knowledge about the cognitive profiles which could be important etiological factor in cardiac disease and comorbid psychiatric disorders is limited. …”
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An Enigmatic Wild Passerine Mortality Event in the Eastern United States by Sabrina S. Greening, Julie C. Ellis, Nicole L. Lewis, David B. Needle, Cristina M. Tato, Susan Knowles, Valerie Shearn-Bochsler, Jaimie L. Miller, Daniel A Grear, Jeffrey M. Lorch, David S. Blehert, Caitlin Burrell, Lisa A. Murphy, Erica A. Miller, C. Brandon Ogbunugafor, Andrea J. Ayala, W. Kelley Thomas, Joseph L. Sevigny, Lawrence M. Gordon, Tessa Baillargeon, Lusajo Mwakibete, Megan Kirchgessner, Christine L. Casey, Ethan Barton, Michael J. Yabsley, Eman Anis, Roderick B. Gagne, Patrice Klein, Cindy Driscoll, Chelsea A. Sykes, Robert H. Poppenga, Nicole M. Nemeth

“…Extensive diagnostic evaluations failed to identify a causative pathogen or other etiology, although congruent results across laboratories have helped drive further investigation into alternative causes, such as nutritional deficiencies. …”
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Neuroinflammation in Autism: Plausible Role of Maternal Inflammation, Dietary Omega 3, and Microbiota by Charlotte Madore, Quentin Leyrolle, Chloé Lacabanne, Anouk Benmamar-Badel, Corinne Joffre, Agnes Nadjar, Sophie Layé

“…As both nutrition and inflammation can massively affect the microbiota, we discuss here how understanding the crosstalk between these three actors could provide a promising framework to better elucidate ASD etiology.…”
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Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest by Izabella Uchmanowicz, Wiesław Bartkiewicz, Jarosław Sowizdraniuk, Joanna Rosińczuk

“…The increase in the risk of OHSCA incidence is affected by nervous system diseases (group G), especially epilepsy of various etiologies, respiratory diseases (group J), mainly COPD, and bronchial asthma or mental and behavioral disorders (group F), with particular emphasis on the drugs issue. …”
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Surgical Removal of a Canine Aortic Thromboembolism Secondary to Pancreatitis by Jill Narak, Emily C. Graff, Katrin Saile, D. Michael Tillson

“…Directed therapy for feline ATE is often not recommended, as underlying conditions are oftentimes ultimately fatal. Underlying etiologies for canine ATE include cardiovascular disease and endocrinopathies, but canine ATE secondary to pancreatitis has not yet been reported. …”
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Epidemiology of Human Respiratory Viruses in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Jinan, China by Yanqin Lu, Shifu Wang, Lehai Zhang, Chao Xu, Cuirong Bian, Zhaoxia Wang, Yanhui Ma, Ke Wang, Lixia Ma, Chen Meng, Caiyun Ni, Jiabei Tong, Gongchao Li, Jinxiang Han

“…The viral etiologies of UTRIs and LTRIs in children in Jinan city were investigated between July 2009 and June 2010. …”
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Wilson Disease in a Turkish Population: Molecular Insights into an Old Disease with Reported and Novel Variants by Abdullatif Bakır, Vehap Topçu, Büşranur Çavdarlı

“…Methods: We investigated 49 patients from 46 families to determine the underlying molecular etiology of WD. DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood. …”
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Analysis of the Serum Bile Acid Composition for Differential Diagnosis in Patients with Liver Disease by Tomonori Sugita, Katsushi Amano, Masanori Nakano, Noriko Masubuchi, Masahiro Sugihara, Tomokazu Matsuura

“…We determined the serum bile acid (BA) composition in patients with liver diseases and healthy volunteers to investigate the relationship between the etiologies of liver disease and BA metabolism. Material and Methods. …”
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Hip Osteonecrosis Is Associated with Increased Plasma IL-33 Level by Jinhui Ma, Wanshou Guo, Zirong Li, Bailiang Wang, Shirui Li, Peng Wang

“…The IL-33 levels were compared among different ARCO stages, CJFH types, and etiology groups. Plasma IL-33 levels were significantly higher in the ONFH patients than that in the control subjects. …”
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Research priorities for improving cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes in hydrocephalus by Nickolas Dasher, T. Andrew Zabel, Maria Garcia-Bonilla, Lauren L. Jantzie, Mark G. Hamilton, Michael A. Williams, Monica J. Chau

“…While many advances in surgical interventions have helped substantially improve the survival rates and quality of life of those affected, there continues to be significant gaps in our understanding of the etiology of this heterogeneous condition as well as its specific neuropsychological and functional challenges across different phases of life. …”
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Autism-Like Behavior and Epigenetic Changes Associated with Autism as Consequences of In Utero Exposure to Environmental Pollutants in a Mouse Model by Denise S. Hill, Robert Cabrera, Deeann Wallis Schultz, Huiping Zhu, Wei Lu, Richard H. Finnell, Bogdan J. Wlodarczyk

“…We tested the hypothesis that in utero exposure to heavy metals increases autism-like behavioral phenotypes in adult animals and induces epigenetic changes in genes that have roles in the etiology of autism. Mouse dams were treated with cadmium, lead, arsenate, manganese, and mercury via drinking water from gestational days (E) 1–10. …”
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Old and Recent Advances in Life Cycle, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Malaria Including Perspectives in Ethiopia by Dejen Nureye, Solomon Assefa

“…Six Plasmodium species are recognized as the etiology of human malaria, of which Plasmodium falciparum is popular in East and Southern Africa. …”
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Differential pathological changes in colon microenvironments in acute and chronic mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease by NaYeon Ham, Minji Park, Young-An Bae, Eui-Ju Yeo, YunJae Jung

“…Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting from an abnormal immune response to normal stimuli, such as food and intestinal flora. Since the etiology of this disease remains largely unknown, murine models induced by the consumption of dextran-sodium sulfate serve as a pivotal tool for studying colon inflammation. …”
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Long-term Results of Topical Insulin Treatment for Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects by Júlio Almeida, Tomás Costa, Maria Vivas, Catarina Monteiro, Fernando T. Vaz, Diana Silva, Cristina Vendrell, Isabel Prieto

“…Patients’ demographic information, etiology, comorbidities, and clinical data were reviewed. …”
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Serum Bisphenol A Level in Boys with Cryptorchidism: A Step to Male Infertility? by Marta Diana Komarowska, Adam Hermanowicz, Urszula Czyzewska, Robert Milewski, Ewa Matuszczak, Wojciech Miltyk, Wojciech Debek

“…Cryptorchidism is the most common congenital birth defect in boys and affects about 2–4% full-term male neonates. Its etiology is multifactorial. Purpose. To evaluate the serum bisphenol A (BPA) levels in boys with cryptorchidism and healthy boys and to assess the risk of environmental exposure to BPA using the authors’ questionnaire. …”
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