Multisystem Myotilinopathy, including Myopathy and Left Ventricular Noncompaction, due to the MYOT Variant c.179C>T by Josef Finsterer, Claudia Stöllberger, Matthias Hasun, Korbinian Riedhammer, Mathias Wagner

“…Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction is a myocardial abnormality of unknown etiology/pathogenesis, which is frequently associated with neuromuscular disorders or chromosomal defects. …”
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Impact of co-infections and immune responses on clinical severity of human adenovirus 3 and 7 infections in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections: a compara... by Xiaolin Ma, Yuting Wu, Ri De, Hailan Yao, Feng He, Yi Wang, Wei Wang, Chao Yan, Qinwei Song, Chunjie Guo, Li Wen, Linqing Zhao, Ling Cao, Chunmei Zhu

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Current trends in studying glaucoma: a review of published data by L.A. Zaporozhetc, V.N. Alekseev, E.A. Egorov, Е.В. Martynova, Yu.A. Alekseev

“…</i> </p> <p> <i><b>Conclusions</b>: primary studies on glaucoma are similar in Russia and foreign countries, i.e., theoretical aspects (etiology and pathogenesis) and improving surgical techniques. …”
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Phages as potential life-saving therapeutic option in the treatment of multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections by Beata Zalewska-Piątek, Michalina Nagórka

“…The aim of this review is to present issues related to the use of phages in the treatment of UTIs of various etiological origins in selected patients, including those with comorbidities, taking into account the legal regulations, safety and effectiveness of this experimental therapy. …”
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A Rare Association of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia with Gastric Adenocarcinoma by Kavita Agrawal, Flores Alfonso

“…Other extensive workup to determine the etiology of AIHA was negative (described in detail below). …”
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Fetal sirenomelia type VI. A case report by Lilian Rachel Vila Ferrán, María Antonia Ocaña Gil

“…The literature review of this pathology aims to describe the etiology, incidence, characteristics and various diagnostic methods in sirenomelia, due to the low frequency with which this entity occurs for its better study and understanding.…”
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A Case of Glycogenic Hepatopathy as a Complication of Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Samhitha Munugoti, Vamsee Reddy, Gaurav Patel, Maneesh Gaddam, Triveni Abburi

“…Furthermore, a low threshold of suspicion is required to identify a relatively underdiagnosed etiology like glycogenic hepatopathy (GH). This case report describes how patterns and trends of liver function tests provide important clues to the diagnosis of GH; how imaging modalities like ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan could be used to differentiate GH from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); and how the diagnosis of GH can be made without the need for invasive liver biopsy. …”
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A Lip Repositioning Technique Using Polyester Threads for Gummy Smile Treatment by Renata Oliveira Ribeiro Horn, Carlos Nelson Elias, Júlio César Joly

“…Hypermobile upper lip (HUL), vertical maxillary excess (VME) + HUL, altered passive eruption (APE) + HUL, and VME + APE were the etiologies identified. Three polyester threads were inserted in each patient one month after the surgery. …”
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Surgical and Visual Outcome for Recurrent Retinal Detachment Surgery by Constantin Pournaras, Chrysanthi Tsika, Catherine Brozou, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris

“…We retrospectively reviewed 70 cases with refractory retinal detachment of various etiologies that required multiple operations. Anatomical success (attached retina) or failure (totally/partially-detached retina) was assessed biomicroscopically. …”
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Optimizing Assisted Reproductive Techniques: The Role of L-Carnitine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine, and IMSI in Managing High-Sperm DNA Fragmentation by Chitra Kamble, Aakash More, Sudhanshu Dakre

“…This case demonstrates the importance of the combined management of acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine supplementation alongside IMSI and PRP in treating the complex etiology of both male and female infertility and leading to successful IVF pregnancy. …”
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Genetic Basis of Sjögren's Syndrome. How Strong is the Evidence? by Juan-Manuel Anaya, Angélica María Delgado-Vega, John Castiblanco

“…The observed aggregation of AIDs in families of patients with primary SS is nevertheless supportive for a genetic component in its etiology. In the absence of chromosomal regions identified by linkage studies, research has focused on candidate gene approaches (by biological plausibility) rather than on positional approaches. …”
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Lifetime of patients and prognostic value of manifestations and complications of liver cirrhosis by G. K. Mirodzhov, S. A. Avezov, N. S. Tukhtayeva, A. Bakhtibekov, M. M. Giyasov

“…Studying of liver cirrhosis (LC) prevalence in Tajikistan, survival rates, lifetimes and principal causes of death of patients, and evaluation of prognostic value of manifestations and complications of LC.Material and methods. 1374 patients of the LC were investigated. Main etiological factors of development of disease were: hepatitis virus B, hepatitis virus C, alcohol. …”
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MODES OF SARS-COV-2 TRANSMISSION by Nilesh D. Patel, Kairavi J. Desai, Shirishkumar M. Patel

“…Background: On 12th December 2019, pneumonia of unknown etiology was reported in number of human cases from Wuhan, central China. …”
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Peptic Ulcer at the End of the 20th Century: Biological and Psychological Risk Factors by Susan Levenstein

“…The prevailing concept of peptic ulcer etiology has swung over entirely in just a few years from the psychological to the infectious, yet the rich literature documenting an association between psychosocial factors and ulcer is not invalidated by the discovery of Helicobacter pylori. …”
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Unilateral Upper Cervical Cord Infarction: A Report of Two Cases with Mild Neurological Symptoms Accompanying a Small Ischemic Lesion Detected by Brain MRI by Manabu Wada, Hikaru Nagasawa, Yoshitaka Yamaguchi

“…Although SCI shares similar etiologies with cerebral infarction, the characteristics of SCI without vessel dissection remain largely unknown. …”
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The Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Urolithiasis by Yee V. Wong, Paul Cook, Bhaskar K. Somani

“…Studies have found many factors contributing to urolithiasis in patients suffering from metabolic syndrome, out of which obesity, overweight, and sedentary lifestyles have been identified as major etiological factors. Primary and secondary prevention methods therefore tend to revolve mainly around lifestyle improvements, including dietary and other preventive measures.…”
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Primary sclerosing cholangitis by Marina G Silveira, Keith D Lindor

“…PSC primarily affects young and middle-aged men, often in association with underlying inflammatory bowel disease. The etiology of PSC includes immune-mediated components and elements of undefined nature. …”
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Differential Circulating Fungal Microbiome in Prostate Cancer Patients Compared to Healthy Control Individuals by Xu Wang, Zejun Zhou, David Turner, Michael Lilly, Tongwen Ou, Wei Jiang

“…Infection and inflammation play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) etiology and pathogenesis. However, the environmental drivers for PCa are not fully understood. …”
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Long-Term Follow-Up in Children with Anisocoria: Cocaine Test Results and Patient Outcome by Fabienne C. Fierz, Christina Gerth-Kahlert

“…In most children with anisocoria and a positive cocaine test result, systemic investigation did not reveal any underlying etiology. The only malignant disease was diagnosed in a patient with a suspicion of Horner’s syndrome but with an inconclusive cocaine test result in our cohort.…”
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Electromagnetic Fields, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegeneration by Claudia Consales, Caterina Merla, Carmela Marino, Barbara Benassi

“…Since free radicals are essential for brain physiological processes and pathological degeneration, research focusing on the possible influence of the EMFs-driven oxidative stress is still in progress, especially in the light of recent studies suggesting that EMFs may contribute to the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. This review synthesizes the emerging evidences about this topic, highlighting the wide data uncertainty that still characterizes the EMFs effect on oxidative stress modulation, as both pro-oxidant and neuroprotective effects have been documented. …”
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