Rare Case of Rapidly Worsening REM Sleep Induced Bradycardia by Ayyappa S. Duba, Suneetha Jasty, Ankit Mahajan, Vijay Kodadhala, Raza Khan, Prithviraj Rai, Mohammad Ghazvini

“…It may last from 2.0 seconds to several minutes. Etiologies of sinoatrial arrest can be complex and heterogeneous. …”
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A Fatal Case of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in the Setting of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of Noninfectious Causes of Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Adults by Mia C. Lundgren, Jerry A. Molitor, Benjamin Spilseth, Oyedele Adeyi

“…SLE is typically lower on the list of initial differential diagnoses of DAH due to its rarity compared to other etiologies. We present a case of a patient with dyspnea on exertion, dry coughs, lower extremity edema, and intermittent periorbital edema who ultimately succumbed to respiratory failure secondary to DAH in the setting of SLE. …”
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Modern Approaches to <i>H. pylori</i> Eradication Therapy in Adults (Literature Review and Resolution of Experts Council) by V. Т. Ivashkin, A. I. Ulyanin, I. V. Mayev, R. S. Kozlov, M. A. Livzan, S. R. Abdulkhakov, O. P. Alekseyeva, S. A. Alekseyenko, D. S. Bordin, N. N. Dekhnich, N. V. Korochyanskaya, T. L. Lapina, E. A. Poluektova, V. I. Simanenkov, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. B. Khlynov, V. V. Tsukanov, A. A. Sheptulin

“…H. pylori infection is the main etiological factor of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. …”
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Size of Left Cardiac Chambers Correlates with Cerebral Microembolic Load in Open Heart Operations by Elena Z. Golukhova, Anna G. Polunina, Svetlana V. Zhuravleva, Natalia P. Lefterova, Alexey V. Begachev

“…Microemboli are a widely recognized etiological factor of cerebral complications in cardiac surgery patients. …”
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Blood Culture-Negative but Clinically Diagnosed Infective Endocarditis Complicated by Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm, Brain Abscess, and Posterior Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysm by Chao Jiang, Haibin Lu, Yaoqiang Guo, Li Zhu, Tianqi Luo, Wendy Ziai, Jian Wang

“…Clinicians should be aware of the detriment of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis for its multiple complications may occur in one patient. The delayed etiological diagnosis and insufficient treatment may aggregate the clinical outcome of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis.…”
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Glial Cells of the Central Nervous System: A Potential Target in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome by Yongfeng Lao, Zewen Li, Yanan Bai, Weijia Li, Jian Wang, Yanan Wang, Qingchao Li, Zhilong Dong

“…Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the most common diseases of the male urological system while the etiology and treatment of CP/CPPS remain a thorny issue. …”
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Neutrophil Function in an Inflammatory Milieu of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Weiqian Chen, Qin Wang, Yini Ke, Jin Lin

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against citrullinated protein antigens and proinflammatory cytokines which cause chronic synovitis, bone erosion, and eventual deformity; however, the precise etiology of RA is unclear. In the early stage of RA, neutrophils migrate into the articular cavity, become activated, and exert their function in an inflammatory process, suggesting an essential role of neutrophils in the initial events contributing to the pathogenesis of RA. …”
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Auditory Hallucinations as a Rare Presentation of Occipital Infarcts by Firas Ido, Reina Badran, Brandon Dmytruk, Zain Kulairi

“…Given the acute onset, brain images were obtained to rule out an organic etiology. A brain MRI revealed an acute right occipital lobe infarct with hemorrhagic transformation. …”
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Renal Tubular Acidosis an Adverse Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy by Sandy El Bitar, Chanudi Weerasinghe, Elie El-Charabaty, Marcel Odaimi

“…Following a negative workup for an underlying etiology, immunotherapy-induced RTA was suspected. …”
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Evaluation of Role of Prognostic Factors on Hearing Outcome in Unilateral Idiopathic Sudden Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Namrata Yadav, Priti Lal, Rohit Bharadwaj, Kuldeep Yadav

“… Introduction: Owing to its uncertain and multiple possible etiologies, use of multiple empirical treatment regimens and possibility of spontaneous recovery, it becomes important to look for the possible prognostic factors affecting the outcome of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). …”
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Advancements in research on transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for alleviating pelvic pain in women by Rong Zhang, Yi Ling Wang, Xin Lei Lu, Shang Wang, Xiao Hong Chang, Hong Lan Zhu

“…Background Pelvic pain is a common complaint of discomfort in women, with an increasing incidence and seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Its etiology involves multiple systems and disciplines, and therefore treatment modalities are diverse. …”
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Indications and Relative Utility of Lower Endoscopy in the Management of Clostridium difficile Infection by Nora E. Burkart, Mary R. Kwaan, Christopher Shepela, Robert D. Madoff, Yan Wang, David A. Rothenberger, Genevieve B. Melton

“…Most common indications were ruling out other etiologies (42%), inconclusive stool studies (36%), and worsening course (11%). …”
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Case report: Successful therapy with recombinant human vascular endostatin in an elderly man with colon telangiectasia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by Yushan Wu, Yushan Wu, Yushan Wu, Yongbin Jia, Mingshan Jiang, Mingshan Jiang, Mingshan Jiang, Hu Zhang, Hu Zhang, Hu Zhang

“…Managing severe GI bleeding with a rare etiology is particularly challenging, especially in patients with contraindications to conventional treatments due to comorbidities. …”
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Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Platelet Count: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Subhajit Mukherjee, Tanima Jana, Jen-Jung Pan

“…Based on this case report and the observation from other studies, a PPI-induced adverse event should be considered as a possible etiology for new-onset idiopathic thrombocytopenia.…”
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Antileishmanial Activity of Warifteine: A Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Isolated from Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl. (Menispermaceae) by Eliete Cavalcanti da Silva, Cynthia Dias Rayol, Paloma Lys Medeiros, Regina Célia Bressan Queiroz Figueiredo, Márcia Regina Piuvezan, José Maria Brabosa-Filho, Alexsandro Fernandes Marinho, Teresinha Gonçalves Silva, Gardenia Carmen Gadelha Militão, Ana Paula Pimentel Cassilhas, Paulo Paes de Andrade

“…Leishmania (L.) chagasi is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis, an important endemic zoonosis in the American continent, as well as in many other countries in Asia, Africa, and Mediterranean Europe. …”
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Outcomes of dietary interventions in the prevention and progression of Parkinson's disease: A literature review by Ubaid Ansari, Alexi Omid, Dawnica Nadora, Jimmy Wen, Arman Omid, Forshing Lui

“…Despite extensive research, the exact etiology of PD remains unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors playing significant roles. …”
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Pathophysiological mechanisms, multidimensional diagnostics and modern therapies of pruritus in pancreatic cancer: review and perspectives by Jagienka Agata Włodyka, Urszula Zelik, Maria Przygoda, Wiktoria Domino, Gabriela Trestka, Sabina Adamczyk, Kamila Stępień, Joanna Śnieżna, Wojciech Florczak, Karol Dzwonnik, Jakub Dziewic

“…In pancreatic cancer, its etiology is multifactorial. It can result from various mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on cholestasis, which represents the most important and frequent cause of this symptom, as well as paraneoplastic processes, neuropathic mechanisms, or side effects of therapy. …”
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Novel Mutation in the PKHD1 Gene Diagnosed Prenatally in a Fetus with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease by Pankaj Thakur, Paul Speer, Aleksandar Rajkovic

“…Our case highlights PKHD1 allelic heterogeneity and the importance of genetic testing in the prenatal setting where many other genetic etiologies can phenocopy ARPKD.…”
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Diphenhydramine as a Cause of Drug-Induced Liver Injury by Yunseok Namn, Yecheskel Schneider, Isabelle H. Cui, Arun Jesudian

“…A thorough workup of liver injury ruled out viral hepatitis (including A, B, C, and E), autoimmune, toxic, ischemic, and metabolic etiologies including Wilson’s disease. A liver biopsy was consistent with DILI without evidence of iron or copper deposition. …”
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Orbital ameloblastoma: research and challenges of a rare benign tumor by Rui Zhang, Xiaoming Huang, Fengyuan Sun, Tong Wu

“…With more and more cases and related research being reported, it is necessary to comprehensively review the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of orbital ameloblastoma, in order to enhance ophthalmologists' understanding and diagnostic and treatment skills of this disease, and ultimately improve patients' prognosis and quality of life.…”
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