Accuracy of Pelvic Ultrasound in Diagnosing Adnexal Torsion by Labib Ghulmiyyah, Anwar Nassar, Dib Sassine, Sally Khoury, Joseph Nassif, Hadi Ramadan, Elie Najem, Ghina Berjawi

“…Ovarian/adnexal torsion is a rather frequent occurrence in women of reproductive age group worldwide. Etiologies are quite diverse with ovarian lesions and corpus luteal cysts being the most two common. …”
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Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease by Géraldine Gelders, Veerle Baekelandt, Anke Van der Perren

“…Whether these inflammatory processes are directly involved in the etiology of PD or represent secondary consequences of nigrostriatal pathway injury is the subject of intensive research. …”
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HIV-associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Aspects by Jean-Guy Baril, Patrice Junod, Roger LeBlanc, Harold Dion, Rachel Therrien, François Laplante, Julian Falutz, Pierre Côté, Marie-Nicole Hébert, Richard Lalonde, Normand Lapointe, Dominic Lévesque, Lyse Pinault, Danielle Rouleau, Cécile Tremblay, Benoît Trottier, Sylvie Trottier, Chris Tsoukas, Karl Weiss

“…Currently, there is no clear definition of lipodystrophy, which explains the difficulty in determining its prevalence and etiology. There are no current guidelines for the treatment of fat distribution abnormalities that occur in the absence of other metabolic complications. …”
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Genomic exploration of pediatric neurological disorders: a case series by Naresh Tayade, Gautham Manoj, Akshay Kewat, Anjali Krishna A, Rajiv Devulapalli, Somesh Kumar, Sunil Kumar Polipalli, Bipin G. Nair, Obul Reddy Bandapalli, Prashanth Suravajhala

“…They are one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in children with diverse etiologies. Diagnosis is difficult despite genetic work, and a final diagnosis can be achieved in only 60% of cases. …”
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The Prevalence of Crohn’s Disease in the Israeli Kibbutz Population by Yaron Niv

“…The high rate of Crohn’s disease prevalence among Israeli-born versus European/American-born Kibbutz members may point to a role for environmental factors in the etiology of the disease.…”
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No Little Feet: Managing Pseudocyesis in a Homeless, Acutely Manic Patient with Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Type by Talitha West, Omotola Ajibade, Anthony Fontanetta, Samreen Munir

“…Socioeconomically disadvantaged women in developed countries may also be at increased risk. Although the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pseudocyesis are poorly understood, it manifests with real symptoms, which may complicate both the patient’s perspective about her condition and the medical and psychiatric teams’ approach to the patient. …”
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Primary leiomyosarcoma of the scalp: a case report and review of the literature by Shuo Gao, Pule Liu, Jixing Liu, Wenzhen Yang, Shude Yang

“…This case provides valuable insights into the varied symptoms and presentations of scalp leiomyosarcoma, which can aid in the recognition of this condition.ConclusionThis report underscores the importance of considering leiomyosarcoma in the differential diagnosis of scalp masses, particularly when the etiology is unclear. Early recognition and intervention are essential to prevent locally invasive growth and potential metastasis, emphasizing the need for a high index of suspicion among healthcare professionals.…”
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Pediatric Infectious Prepatellar Bursitis with Kingella kingae by Charles C. Pitts, Walter R. Smith, Michael J. Conklin

“…Although it is a well-established cause of osteoarticular infections in the pediatric population, K. kingae has never been reported as the etiology for septic bursitis. A high index of suspicion is required for the diagnosis given that this organism is difficult to culture and isolate using standard laboratory methods. …”
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Circulatory shock in adults in emergency department by Ashok Kumar Pannu

“…The review emphasizes prompt shock identification with tissue hypoperfusion, knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological mechanism, initial fluid resuscitation with balanced crystalloids, norepinephrine as the preferred vasopressor in septic and profound cardiogenic shock, and tailored intervention addressing specific etiologies. Point-of-care ultrasound may help evaluate an undifferentiated shock and determine fluid responsiveness. …”
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CLINICAL PATTERNS OF MALABSORPTION SYNDROMES IN CHILDREN by Ginel Baciu, Carmen Baciu, Cristina Maria Mihai, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Ramona Mihaela Stoicescu, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Adriana Mocanu, Lorenza Forna, Alexandru Paul Baciu

“…This study focused on characteristics of the clinical manifestations and underlying etiologies of malabsorption syndrome in pediatrics population. …”
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Pattern Strabismus: Where Does the Brain's Role End and the Muscle's Begin? by Fatema F. Ghasia, Aasef G. Shaikh

“…In this review, we will examine our current understanding of etiologies of pattern strabismus. Speculated pathophysiology includes oblique muscle dysfunction, loss of fusion with altered recti muscle pull, displacements and instability in connective tissue pulleys of the recti muscles, vestibular hypofunction, and abnormal neural connections. …”
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Functional Olfactory Nerve Regeneration Demonstrated by Thallium-201 Olfacto-Scintigraphy in Patients with Traumatic Anosmia: A Case Report by Rong-San Jiang, Yu-Yu Lu

“…Head trauma is one of the most common etiologies of olfactory dysfunction. It is difficult to use either the olfactory function test or magnetic resonance imaging to directly assess the course of damage to olfactory nerves. …”
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Dens Evaginatus and Dens Invaginatus in Dilacerated Maxillary Lateral Incisor Diagnosed Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography - A Case Report and Review of Literature by Hemant Sawhney, Vanshika Agarwal, Geetanjali Gupta

“…Take-away Lessons: These anomalies act as an etiological factor for several dental problems for neighboring & opposing tooth. …”
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Algorithm of management of patients with acute cholestatic hepatitis (Clinical case presentation) by T. A. Deyeva, Ye. N. German, M. V. Mayevskaya, V. T. Ivashkin

“…In the submitted case a main role in recognition of an etiology of liver disease have played by careful taking of past history and analysis of all possible causes of disease, that can be the key point in diagnostic search and choice of patient management tactics.…”
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Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (DRD), an Active Regimen in the Treatment of Immunosuppression-Associated Plasmablastic Lymphoma (PBL) in the Setting of Gorham’s Lymph... by Matthew Lee, Beth A. Martin, Haifaa Abdulhaq

“…Gorham’s lymphangiomatosis or Gorham–Stout disease (GSD) is a rare skeletal condition of unknown etiology characterized by progressive bone loss and nonmalignant proliferation of vascular and lymphatic channels within the affected bone. …”
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Catatonia and Mutism: Neurotic, Psychotic, or Organic Disorder? by Pilar de Jaime Ruiz, Jose Luis García-Fogeda Romero, Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas

“…A differential diagnosis with infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic etiologies should always be carried out.…”
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Epidemiology of gastric cancer: global trends, risk factors and prevention by Prashanth Rawla, Adam Barsouk

“…A better understanding of the etiology and risk factors of the disease can help reach a consensus in approaching H. pylori infection. …”
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Features of diagnostics and treatment of constipation at patients of elderly age by A. V. Kalinin, L. I. Butorova

“…Diagnostic actions should be aimed to recognition of etiology and type of constipation. Treatment should be provided according to the basic disease, and the age of patient. …”
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An Approach to Iron-Deficiency Anemia by Imran Rasul, Gabor P Kandel

“…The present article provides a broad overview of iron-deficiency anemia, with particular emphasis on hematological diagnosis, etiology, the use of endoscopy in identifying lesions and iron-repletion therapy. …”
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From Waves to Diagnoses: Decoding Electrocardiogram for Improved Cardiac Care by Sharanya Varaganti, Rajaputana Lakshmi Manisha, Sudhakar Muvvala

“…Specific criteria for identifying abnormalities in each section are provided, along with their associated etiologies and clinical implications. Furthermore, the limitations of ECG as a diagnostic tool are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for clinical correlation and consideration of additional tests. …”
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