Viable but nonculturable state in the zoonotic pathogen Bartonella henselae induced by low-grade fever temperature and antibiotic treatment by Yuze Gou, Yuze Gou, Dongxia Liu, Dongxia Liu, Yuxian Xin, Yuxian Xin, Ting Wang, Jiaxin Li, Yiwen Xi, Xiaoling Zheng, Tuanjie Che, Ying Zhang, Ying Zhang, Tingting Li, Jie Feng, Jie Feng

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Efficacy and safety of 3D-therapy at HCV-related subcompensated liver cirrhosis (genotype 1b) by P. O. Bogomolov, M. V. Matsiyevich, A. O. Buyeverov, V. D. Beznosenko, Ye. V. Fedosova, M. Yu. Petrachenkova, S. V. Koblov, K. Yu. Kokina, O. S. Kuzmina, N. V. Voronkova

“…To estimate efficacy and safety of 3D mode of interferon­free therapy in patients with subcompensated liver cirrhosis (LC) of HCV etiology (genotype 1b). Material and methods. Original study included the data of 66 patients (26 men and 40 women) with subcompensated LC of HCV etiology (genotype 1b) who underwent interferon­free therapy by ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, dasabuvir and ribavirin for 12 weeks (the latter was cancelled at receiving the new data on treatment efficacy after 4 weeks of therapy) in September, 2015, before the drug instruction was updated. …”
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Gastrocolic Fistula: A Shortcut through the Gut by Nauzer Forbes, Raed Al-Dabbagh, Peter Lovrics, David Morgan

“…Traditionally, peptic ulcer disease was commonly implicated in the formation of gastrocolic fistulas; however, this is now a rare etiology. Here, we present a case of gastrocolic fistula secondary to peptic ulcer disease alone, in addition to reviewing the literature and providing options for diagnosis and treatment.…”
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Differential Yield of Pathogens from Stool Testing of Nosocomial versus Community-Acquired Paediatric Diarrhea by Savita Deorari, Athena McConnell, Kah-Kee Tan, Nadeem Jadavji, Doreen Ma, Deirdre Church, Gary Katzko, D Grant Gall, Taj Jadavji, H Dele Davies

“…A secondary objective was to characterize features that may predict NAD or CAD etiology.…”
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A Case of Infective Endocarditis and Pulmonary Septic Emboli Caused by Lactococcus lactis by Bshara Mansour, Adib Habib, Nazih Asli, Yuval Geffen, Dan Miron, Nael Elias

“…We present here a case of previously healthy eleven-year-old girl with infective endocarditis and pulmonary septic emboli caused by a very rare bacterial etiology (Lactococcus lactis). Identification of this pathogen was only made by polymerase chain reaction.…”
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Resolution of Abfraction-Associated Gingival Fenestration Utilizing Connective Tissue Grafting by Braydon Haskell, J. Kobi Stern, Jordan Ghiassi, Andrew Kurialacherry, Sadja Gaud-Quintana, Mark E. Peacock

“…Gingival fenestration (GF) is a distinct clinical entity of uncertain etiology that is seldom documented in the literature. …”
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Diabetic Macular Edema Pathophysiology: Vasogenic versus Inflammatory by Pedro Romero-Aroca, Marc Baget-Bernaldiz, Alicia Pareja-Rios, Maribel Lopez-Galvez, Raul Navarro-Gil, Raquel Verges

“…Current diagnostic techniques do not permit us to differentiate between both etiologies. In the future, diagnosing the physiopathology of each patient with DME will help us to select the most effective drug.…”
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True-bone-ceramics / type I collagen scaffolds for repairing osteochondral defect by Yuhan Jiang, Tenghai Li, Yingyue Lou, Bingzhang Liu, Yilin Liu, Tian Li, Duo Zhang

“…Abstract In recent years, the incidence of cartilage defects has increased dramatically, and its etiology is complex and varied. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), as one of the main etiologies, damages both cartilage and bone tissues and can progress to severe osteoarthritis, which has been one of the difficult problems for clinicians. …”
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Secondary endolymphatic hydrops: a clinical and literature overview by Aïna Venkatasamy, Aïna Venkatasamy, Aïna Venkatasamy, Aïna Venkatasamy, Anne R. J. Péporté

“…This review provides a better understanding of the pathophysiology and etiologies of this intricate disease process, thereby facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of the affected patients.…”
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Pneumoscrotum as Complication of Blunt Thoracic Trauma: A Case Report by Eftychios Lostoridis, Konstantinos Gkagkalidis, Nikolaos Varsamis, Nikolaos Salveridis, Georgios Karageorgiou, Spyridon Kampantais, Paraskevi Tourountzi, Konstantinos Pouggouras

“…It presents with swollen scrotal sac and sometimes with palpable crepitus. It has many etiologies. One of them is due to blunt trauma of the thoracic cage, causing pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum. …”
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The Conceptualization and Measurement of Comorbidity: A Review of the Interprofessional Discourse by Salimah H. Meghani, Harleah G. Buck, Victoria Vaughan Dickson, Marilyn J. Hammer, Eneida Rejane Rabelo-Silva, Robyn Clark, Mary D. Naylor

“…Two potential paths to generating knowledge involve the use of etiological or epidemiological approach. An etiological approach investigates the risk factors and underlying mechanisms potentially leading to consolidation of diagnosis and treatments. …”
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The Diagnostic Challenge of an Infrequent Spectrum of Cryptococcus Infection by Francisco Barbosa De Araujo Neto, Camila Corona De Godoy Bueno, Liege Tambelini Gomes, Daniela Alejandra Ortiz Navas, Mark Wanderley, Stefanie Gallotti Borges Carneiro, Rita Karine Veras Gomes De Mello, Laura Mendes Coura, Larissa Sayuri Missumi, Henrique Durante, Ricardo Francisco Cintra Zagatti, Márcio Valente Yamada Sawamura

“…Chest X-ray, ultrasonography, and computed tomography were performed, which diagnosed a mediastinal and left supraclavicular mass, interpreted as lymph node conglomerates of unknown etiology. He also underwent a biopsy of the left supraclavicular mass for etiological determination by histopathology, which confirmed cryptococcosis infection. …”
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Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Acquired Nontraumatic Urethral Strictures in Boys in Yaoundé, Cameroon by F. F. Mouafo Tambo, G. Fossi kamga, C. Kamadjou, L. Mbouche, A. S. Nwaha Makon, J. Birraux, O. G. Andze, F. F. Angwafo, P. Y. Mure

“…In case of acquired strictures, the etiology is iatrogenic or traumatic and rarely infectious or inflammatory. …”
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Postnatal Imaging of Antenatal Hydronephrosis by David M. Kitchens, C. D. Anthony Herndon

“…Upper and lower urinary tract imaging should be performed in most cases in order to determine the etiology and gauge the use of future imaging. An overview of renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography, renal scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance urography in the setting of antenatal hydronephrosis are discussed.…”
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Endometriosis-associated primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: A case report and literature review by Meghana Singh, Michael Raver, Bianca DeAgresta, Alexandra Della Pia, Sonam Saxena, Merieme Klobocista, Nitin Yerram

“…This case highlights the complex etiology of this variant of CCA, initially diagnosed using comprehensive imaging and genetic analysis, and subsequently confirmed through extensive surgical intervention and chemotherapy.…”
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Endoscopic Management of Gastric Varices: Efficacy and Outcomes of Gluing with N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate in a North American Patient Population by PJ Belletrutti, J Romagnuolo, RJ Hilsden, F Chen, B Kaplan, J Love, PL Beck

“…The majority of studies on this mode of therapy are in Asian populations in which the etiology of portal hypertension differs from North America.…”
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Changing panorama in risk factors of cerebral palsy by Dogruoz Karatekin Bilinc, Icagasioglu Afitap

“…Background/Aim. The etiology of cerebral palsy (CP) is multifactorial and not yet fully understood. …”
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Mechanisms and Clinical Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias following Blunt Chest Trauma by Daniel H. Wolbrom, Aleef Rahman, Cory M. Tschabrunn

“…This can be the result of a dense projectile during competitive and recreational sports but may also include other etiologies such as motor vehicle accidents or traumatic falls. …”
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Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Laringomalasia by Elfianto Elfianto, Novialdi Novialdi

“…Sekitar 80% kasus merupakan derajat ringan dan sedang yang dapat membaik serta resolusi sampai usia 2 tahun sedangkan 20% merupakan derajat berat yang membutuhkan tindakan pembedahan Tujuan: Mengetahui dan memahami etiologi, diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan laringomalasia. …”
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Delirium in geriatric population referred to a geriatric clinic in a rural medical college: A retrospective study by Kshirod Kumar Mishra, Gaurav B Pawar, Harshal S Sathe

“…Methodology: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study design was employed, focusing on patient records of diagnosed delirium cases aged 60 years and above. The Delirium Etiology Checklist was used to document multifactorial etiologies contributing to delirium. …”
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