Deep learning-based encryption scheme for medical images using DCGAN and virtual planet domain by Manish Kumar, Aneesh Sreevallabh Chivukula, Gunjan Barua

“…Security analysis results are shown (such as histogram plots in Figs. 11–14 and correlation plots in Figs. 19–21). Information Entropy ( $$7.9993 \pm 0.0001$$ ), correlation coefficient ( $$\pm 0.09$$ ), Mean Square Error (MSE) ( $$4166.3107 \pm 1645.2980$$ ), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) ( $$12.2643 \pm 1.7032$$ ), Number of Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) ( $$99.60\% \pm 0.2\%$$ ), and Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) ( $$33.47\% \pm 0.1\%$$ ) underscore the high security and reliability of the encrypted images, are shown in Tables 8–11. …”
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Evaluation of the Production-Education Integration Performance of the High-Tech Industry: An Empirical Comparison between Three Urban Agglomerations in China by Quan Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Zhuomei Li, Sifeng Li, Tianzhen Tang

“…On this basis, the correlation-entropy composite matter-element (CECME) model and coupling coordination degree (CCD) model were introduced to empirically compare the PEI performance of the high-tech industry between Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHKM) Greater Bay Area, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Urban Agglomeration, and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Urban Agglomeration. …”
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Activated Sawdust-Based Adsorbent for the Removal of Basic Blue 3 and Methylene Green from Aqueous Media by Najeeb Ur Rahman, Wasim Bahadar, Sultan Alam, Muhammad Zahoor, Ivar Zekker, Farhat Ali Khan, Riaz Ullah, Essam A. Ali, H. C. Ananda Murthy

“…Different thermodynamic parameters, such as enthalpy (∆H=18.5 and 8.334 kJ/mol respectively for basic blue 3 and methylene green), entropy (∆S°=62.41 and 29.22 kJ/molK respectively for basic blue 3 and methylene green), and Gibbs free energy (∆G°=−83.6, -410, and -1658 kJ/mol (basic blue)/-65, -519, and -1139 kJ/mol (methylene green), were estimated, and the process was found to be endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible. …”
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Projected range overlap between the predator Teretrius nigrescens and the invasive stored product pest Prostephanus truncatus expands under climate change by Rachel R. Harman, William R. Morrison, III, Alison R. Gerken

“…We used the platform Wallace, which employs an optimized maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model. Highly suitable areas (>75 %) of T. nigrescens current distribution totaled 5.5 % and 8.2 % for the Americas and Africa, respectively. …”
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An Investigation of Infrared Small Target Detection by Using the SPT–YOLO Technique by Yongjun Qi, Shaohua Yang, Zhengzheng Jia, Yuanmeng Song, Jie Zhu, Xin Liu, Hongxing Zheng

“…Furthermore, x-small detection heads are added, the understanding of the overall characteristics and structure of the target is enhanced much more, and the representation and localization of small targets have been improved. Finally, the cross-entropy loss function in the original network model is replaced by an adaptive threshold focal loss function, forcing the model to allocate more attention to target features. …”
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Experimental research on remote non-contact laser vibration measurement for tunnel lining cavities by Hongyun Yang, Yu Xie, Zhi Lin, Lin Li, Xiang Chen, Wanlin Feng, Honglin Ran, Li He

“…The vibration differences between the defective and healthy parts were analyzed using the spatial spectral entropy algorithm. The results showed that for cavities with side lengths of 200mm, depths of 50mm, and filled with hollow wooden boxes, the maximum velocity amplitudes of the surface concrete were 10.68, 3.55, and 4.01 times higher than those of the healthy parts, respectively. …”
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The Discrete Ueda System and Its Fractional Order Version: Chaos, Stabilization and Synchronization by Louiza Diabi, Adel Ouannas, Amel Hioual, Giuseppe Grassi, Shaher Momani

“…Advanced complexity measures, including approximation entropy (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> complexity, are applied to validate and measure the nonlinear and chaotic nature of the system; the results indicate a high level of complexity. …”
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X-ray emission from hot gas and XRBs in the NGC 5846 galaxy by Kyadampure Anil, Vagshette Nilkanth, Patil Madhav

“…The larger values of emission line flux density ratio log([N II]Hα\alpha ) and floor in the entropy profile of the plasma collectively point toward a nonthermal ionization source of gas heating like a low-level AGN activity.…”
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Cortical arealization of interneurons defines shared and distinct molecular programs in developing human and macaque brains by Xiangling Feng, Yingjie Gao, Fan Chu, Yuwen Shan, Meicheng Liu, Yaoyi Wang, Ying Zhu, Qing Lu, Mingfeng Li

“…., the employment of CRH in primate interneurons during late-fetal stage distinguishes from their postnatal emergence in mice, and our entropy quantifications manifest the interneuron diversities gradually increase along the developmental ages in human and macaque cerebral cortices. …”
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Stable antivortices in multiferroic ε-Fe2O3 with the coalescence of misaligned grains by Wuhong Xue, Tao Wang, Huali Yang, Huanhuan Zhang, Guohong Dai, Sheng Zhang, Ruilong Yang, Zhiyong Quan, Run-Wei Li, Jin Tang, Cheng Song, Xiaohong Xu

“…Furthermore, the unpredictability of the polarity of the core was utilized as a source of entropy for designing physically unclonable functions. …”
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Blockchain-Driven Optimized Chaotic Encryption Scheme for Medical Image Transmission in IoT-Edge Environment by Goli Archana, Rajeev Goyal, K. M. V. Madan Kumar

“…The evaluation metrics like as NACI, UACI, Entropy and standard verification methods such as NIST standard tests are deployed and analyzed. …”
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Removal of Ammonium from Aqueous Solutions Using Zeolite Synthesized from Electrolytic Manganese Residue by Changxin Li, Yuan Yu, Qingwu Zhang, Hong Zhong, Shuai Wang

“…Moreover, calculation of thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) was carried out and it was determined to be −15.77∼−14.03 kJ·mol−1, +37.66 kJ·mol−1, and +173.38 J·mol−1·K−1, respectively. …”
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Remotely‐Sensed Game Trails Are a Behavioral Footprint That Explains Patterns of Herbivore Habitat Use by Keenan Stears, Melissa H. Schmitt, Mike J. Peel, Tsumbedzo Ramalevha, Douglas J. McCauley, Dave I. Thompson, Deron E. Burkepile

“…., dung counts and maximum entropy modeling) and found strong quantitative fits. …”
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Regional disparities and dynamic adaptation in the forest health-based industry and ecological environment: A case study of Fujian Province, China by Wenyu Chen, Shuhan Yu, Xuwang Jiang, Liyu Zhan

“…To conduct the analysis, we utilized various analytical tools, such as the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, an adaptability evaluation model, standard deviation ellipses, and geographical detectors. …”
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Integrating attention mechanism and boundary detection for building segmentation from remote sensing images by Ping Liu, Yu Gao, Xiangtian Zheng, Hesong Wang, Yimeng Zhao, Xinru Wu, Zehao Lu, Zhichuan Yue, Yuting Xie, Shufeng Hao

“…Additionally, a weighted boundary loss function is designed to replace the traditional semantic segmentation cross-entropy loss to detect the boundary of a building. …”
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Influential mechanism of green consumption on the realization of ecological products value in China by Jingbo Shao, Jingbo Shao, Chengzhi Cai

“…Based on the theory of sustainable development and the theory of ecosystem services, this paper constructs relevant econometric models and deeply discusses the influence mechanism of demand-side GC behavior on the Ep value realization (EPVR).MethodsThis paper obtains the reliability data from the relevant statistical reports and statistical yearbooks, and innovatively constructs the index system of EPVR and GC whose comprehensive indexes are measured by entropy weight TOPSIS method. In the data analysis stage, STATA software was used for unit root test, cointegration test, multicollinearity test and descriptive statistics. …”
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Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green Dye onto Coal-Associated Soil and Conditions Optimization by T. R. Sundararaman, A. Saravanan, P. Senthil Kumar, M. Millicent Mabel, R. V. Hemavathy, S. Karishma, S. Jeevanantham, R. Hemavathi, A. Ishwariya, S. Kowsalya

“…The thermodynamic parameters Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) were endorsing that the present adsorption system was exothermic. …”
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A Hybrid Efficient U-Net Framework for Detection of Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle on Ultrasonography by Sule Erdem, Suheda Erdem, Muammer Turkoglu, Abdulkadir Sengur, Nebras M. Sobahi

“…Combo Loss (a combination of Binary Cross-Entropy and Dice Loss) was used to train the model and segmentation metrics such as F1-score, Intersection over Union (IoU) and Dice Co-efficient were used to evaluate performance. …”
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Structure of Spatial Correlation Network and Influencing Factors of Urban-Rural Integration in China by Wang Kai, Liu Meilun, Tan Jiaxin, Gan Chang

“…Based on China's interprovincial panel data from 2001 to 2021, the entropy method was applied to measure China's interprovincial urban-rural integration level, and the modified gravity model and social network analysis were used to explore the structural characteristics of China's spatial correlation network of urban-rural integration and its influencing factors. …”
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Study on the Performance of Filters Under Biogas Slurry Drip Irrigation Systems by Shuaijie Wang, Haitao Wang, Xuefeng Qiu, Jiandong Wang, Shuji Wang, Hang Wang, Tao Shen

“…It was found that when a disk filter is used as the pre-filter and a mesh filter as the post-filter, the overall rate of head loss change is the smallest, and the clogging uniformity is the least. (3) In the entropy weight-TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation, the filter’s operating time and contaminant capacity are key factors affecting its overall performance. …”
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