An Unusual Psychiatric Emergency: Herpes Simplex Encephalitis by H. Doyle, J. Varian

“…Early treatment with anti-viral agents can reduce mortality and morbidity, but accurate early diagnosis may be very difficult. HSV encephalopathy may mimic psychiatric illness and has been likened to syphilis as the great imitator. …”
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Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Miliary Histoplasmosis, Neurohistoplasmosis, and Histoplasma capsulatum Bacteremia in Probable Neurosarcoidosis by Peter V. Bui

“…A 54-year-old male with a history of probable neurosarcoidosis on methotrexate and infliximab presented with encephalopathy, hypoxia, and reported fevers. The patient was found to have disseminated histoplasmosis involving the lungs (miliary histoplasmosis), central nervous system (neurohistoplasmosis), and bloodstream. …”
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Metastatic Breast Cancer Presenting as Fulminant Hepatic Failure: A Case Report and Literature Review by Malcolm S. Trimble, Cameron N. Ghent, David R. Grant, Caroline A. McLean

“…The patient did not have previously diagnosed breast cancer and presented with ascites, Jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and hepatic encephalopathy. She died within four weeks of the onset. …”
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Discriminant Analysis of Undaria pinnatifida Production Areas Using Trace Elemental Analysis by Mikio Kaihara

“…Increasingly, attention is being paid to declaring the origin of agricultural and marine products after the advent of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE; commonly known as mad-cow disease). …”
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Poultry Litter Feeding Ban: Implications of the 2nd Interim Rule for Animal Feeding by Matt Hersom, Dale Dubberly, Kelly Friend

“… On January 26, 2004, the FDA issued four interim rules as a result of the first confirmed case of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle in the United States. The 2nd interim rule simply stated “will also ban the use of poultry litter as a feed ingredient for ruminant animals.” …”
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Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in liver diseases by Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda, Diana Martonik, Aleksandra Andrzejuk, Aleksander Tarasik, Robert Flisiak

“…In end-stage liver disease, the endocannabinoid system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of encephalopathy and vascular effects, such as portal hypertension, splanchnic vasodilatation and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. …”
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Intensive Care Management of Patients with Acute Liver Failure with Emphasis on Systemic Hemodynamic Instability and Cerebral Edema: A Critical Appraisal of Pathophysiology by Fin Stolze Larsen, Bent Adel Hansen, Andres T Blei

“…The most dramatic impact of ALF is on the brain, as hepatic encephalopathy and intracranial hypertension (IH) develop. …”
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Sympathetic Prions by Markus Glatzel

“…Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are a group of invariably fatal neurodegenerative diseases. …”
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Safety profiles of sevoflurane in pediatric patients: a real-world pharmacovigilance assessment based on the FAERS database by Chuang Yang, Bangjian Deng, Qiang Wen, Pei Guo, Xiang Liu, Chen Wang

“…Furthermore, the new adverse events (such as encephalopathy and hypercapnia) indicated that anesthesiologists should be more vigilant in administering sevoflurane.…”
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Forgettable in the care of liver cirrhosis: the unseen culprits of progression from bad to worse by Maha Elsabaawy, Omkosoum Alhaddad

“…The lack of disease-specific nutritional guidance, the prevalent sedentary lifestyle among patients, and insufficient screening for hepatocellular carcinoma, oesophageal varices, sarcopaenia, minimal hepatic encephalopathy, and diabetes mellitus, along with fibrosis progression and cirrhosis decompensation, can add further complexities. …”
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Acute confusion in pregnancy by Amanda Hill, Francesca Neuberger

“…Certain life-threatening diagnoses have been further discussed in more detail (Wernicke’s encephalopathy, hyponatraemia, hypercalcaemia, acute fatty liver of pregnancy and thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura). …”
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Current Controversies in Newer Therapies to Treat Birth Asphyxia by Pia Wintermark

“…Despite major advances in monitoring technology and knowledge of fetal and neonatal pathophysiology, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains one of the main causes of severe adverse neurological outcome in children. …”
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GABAB Encephalitis: A Fifty-Two-Year-Old Man with Seizures, Dysautonomia, and Acute Heart Failure by Matthew C. Loftspring, Eric Landsness, Lindsey Wooliscroft, Robert Rudock, Sally Jo, Kevin R. Patel

“…Here we present a case of GABAB encephalitis presenting with encephalopathy, status epilepticus, dysautonomia, and acute heart failure. …”
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Role of TIPS in Improving Survival of Patients with Decompensated Liver Disease by Sundeep J. Punamiya, Deepak N. Amarapurkar

“…However, they have been associated with significant problems such as poor shunt durability, increased encephalopathy, and unchanged survival when compared with conservative treatment options. …”
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Bacterial Infections in Cirrhosis by Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao

“…Cirrhotic patients who develop abdominal pain, tenderness, fever, renal failure or hepatic encephalopathy should undergo diagnostic paracentesis, and those who meet the criterion for SBP (eg, an ascites neutrophil count greater than 250/mm3) should receive antibiotics, preferably a third-generation cephalosporin. …”
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New Onset Insomnia in a Pediatric Patient: A Case of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis by Tamar N. Goldberg, Michael F. Cellucci

“…Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is becoming more widely recognized as a cause of encephalopathy in both adults and children. Certain clinical features such as mood lability, movement disorders, speech dysfunction, seizures, and autonomic instability in a pediatric patient should prompt immediate concern and evaluation for autoimmune encephalitis among providers. …”
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Sixth nerve palsy post covid treated with course of oral steroids by Divya Upendra Caculo, Sowmya Raveendra Murthy, Ann Willy, N Nishant

“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-Cov 2) is known to have neuro-ophthalmological manifestations such as optic neuritis, papillophlebitis, papilledema, visual disturbance associated with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and vision loss caused by stroke, Miller Fisher syndrome, Adie’s pupils, ocular myasthenia gravis, nystagmus eye movement disorders, and cranial neuropathies like third and sixth nerve palsies. …”
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Role of Carbamazepine in the Symptomatic Treatment of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Sandhya Ravikumar, John Ross Crawford

“…He presented with macular retinopathy, followed by progressive myoclonus and encephalopathy. After extensive workup, a diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was suspected by the presence of period epileptiform discharges on electroencephalogram and confirmed by elevated measles titers in the cerebrospinal fluid. …”
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Enterococcus gallinarum Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in an HCV Cirrhotic by Hussein Abidali, Maheen Sheikh, Moustapha Abidali, Ali Abidali, Hamoudi S. Farraji, Andrew C. Berry

“…We present the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian male with history of hepatitis C viral cirrhosis with portosystemic encephalopathy and ascites with evidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 944 cells/µL blood. …”
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An open window: the crucial role of the gut-brain axis in neurodevelopmental outcomes post-neurocritical illness by Victoria Ronan

“…The most common diagnoses for a neurocritical illness admission include traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, post-cardiac arrest, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, meningo/encephalitis, and stroke. The gut-brain axis is crucial to childhood development, particularly neurodevelopment. …”
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