Microstructural Evolution and Strain-Hardening Behavior in Hadfield Steel Railway Crossings by Gustavo Tressia, Tiago Tepedino, Mohammad Masoumi, Juan Ignacio Pereira

“…The steel microstructure evolution was analyzed to understand crack initiation and propagation during service. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) methods were employed to characterize microstructural changes near the crack region. …”
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Characterization of Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles and the impact of pathogenic ones on NLR signaling pathways by Roghayeh Mohammadzadeh, Ava Behrouzi, Farzam Vaziri, Seyed Davar Siadat

“…Materials and Methods: OMVs were extracted by differential centrifugation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SDS-PAGE, Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, and nucleic acid extraction. …”
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Efficient Removal of 2,4-DCP by Nano Zero-Valent Iron-Reduced Graphene Oxide: Statistical Modeling and Process Optimization Using RSM-BBD Approach by Qi Jing, Shuo Qiao, Wenyu Xiao, Le Tong, Zhongyu Ren

“…In this study, nano zero-valent iron-reduced graphene oxide (NZVI-rGO) composites were synthesized to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) as an efficient adsorbent. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that NZVI particles were successfully loaded and dispersed uniformly on rGO nanosheets. …”
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Development of novel ultrafine grain cu metal matrix composites reinforced with Ti-Cu-Co-M (M: Ni, Zr) amorphous-nanocrystalline powder by Janovszky D., Kristaly F., Miko T., Sveda M., Sycheva A.

“…The characterization of composites was performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), micro- and macrohardness, as well as density measurements. …”
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Thermal behavior of polymeric nickel(II) oxalate complex obtained through nickel(II) nitrate/ethylene glycol reaction by Niculescu Mircea, Pascariu Mihai-Cosmin, Racu Andrei, Taranu Bogdan-Ovidiu

“…The structure, morphology and properties of the final decomposition products were characterized by XRD, FTIR, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These analyses show that the final decomposition product in oxidative atmosphere was nickel oxide, shaped as polygonal particles with widely distributed sizes. …”
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The Influence of Electrolytic Concentration on the Electrochemical Deposition of Calcium Phosphate Coating on a Direct Laser Metal Forming Surface by Qianyue Sun, Yuhui Yang, Wenjing Luo, Jinghui Zhao, Yanmin Zhou

“…The purpose of this study was to develop CaP coatings on a direct laser metal forming implant using electrochemical deposition and to investigate the effect of electrolytic concentration on the coating’s morphology and structure by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. …”
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Nanocrystalline Porous Hydrogen Storage Based on Vanadium and Titanium Nitrides by A. Goncharov, A. Guglya, A. Kalchenko, E. Solopikhina, V. Vlasov, E. Lyubchenko

“…Results of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that VNx films consist of 150–200 nm particles, boundaries of which contain nanopores of 10–15 nm diameters. …”
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Comparative evaluation of remineralizing potential of four enamel remineralising agents using SEM-EDX – An in-vitro study by R. Raj

“…Objective: Compare the remineralisation potential of four enamel remineralising agents on artificially demineralized enamel surface using Scanning electron microscopy- Energy dispersive x-ray. Materials and methods: 75 extracted maxillary and mandibular premolars coated with acid-resistant nail varnish, were stored in demineralising solution for 96 h to produce artificial caries lesions. …”
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Colorimetric Sensor Based on β-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles for Zidovudine Sensitive Determination by Farhad Ghanizadeh Gerayeli, Farnaz Hosseini, Zohreh Bagheri, Amir Savardashtaki, Zahra Shabaninejad, Ali Mohammad Amani, Sohrab Najafipour

“…Characterization of nanoparticles was done using different methods including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and also, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. …”
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Fire Propagation Performance of Intumescent Fire Protective Coatings Using Eggshells as a Novel Biofiller by M. C. Yew, N. H. Ramli Sulong, M. K. Yew, M. A. Amalina, M. R. Johan

“…The foam structures of the intumescent coatings have been observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy. On exposure, the coated specimens’ B, C, and D had been certified to be Class 0 due to the fact that their fire propagation indexes were less than 12. …”
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Utilization of Sago Waste as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Cu(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution by P. Maheswari, N. Venilamani, S. Madhavakrishnan, P. S. Syed Shabudeen, R. Venckatesh, S. Pattabhi

“…The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto AC prepared from sago industry waste has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. …”
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Preparation of Bioactive Titanium Surfaces via Fluoride and Fibronectin Retention by Carlos Nelson Elias, Patricia Abdo Gravina, Costa e Silva Filho, Pedro Augusto de Paula Nascente

“…Two titanium dental implants (Porous-acid etching and PorousNano-acid etching followed by fluoride ion modification) were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction before and after the incorporation of human plasma fibronectin (FN). …”
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Effects of Synthesis Conditions on Rare Earth Doped Iron Oxide Catalyst for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 by Ying Wei, Bingquan Wang, Ruiyi Ren, Rui Wang

“…The catalysts have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), The X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunner Emmet Teller (BET). …”
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Electrocatalytic Study of Paracetamol at a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Nickel Nanocomposite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Koh Sing Ngai, Wee Tee Tan, Zulkarnain Zainal, Ruzniza Mohd Zawawi, Joon Ching Juan

“…Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer were used to examine the surface morphology and elemental profile of the modified electrode, respectively. …”
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Effect of Polypropylene Modification by Impregnation with Oil on Its Wear and Friction Coefficient at Variable Load and Various Friction Rates by Paweł Sędłak, Beata Białobrzeska, Tomasz Stawicki, Piotr Kostencki

“…In addition, wear mechanisms of the analysed materials were determined with use of scanning electron microscopy. In the case of the remaining tested polymers, the most important mechanism of wear was adhesion (PP, PTFE, PA 6.6, and PA MoS2), microcutting (PTFE, PA 6.6, and PA MoS2), fatigue wear (PTFE), forming “roll-shaped particles” combined with plastic deformation (PA 6.6 and PA MoS2), and thermal wear (PP). …”
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Synthesis and Characterisation of Penta-Bismuth Hepta-Oxide Nitrate, Bi5O7NO3, as a New Adsorbent for Methyl Orange Removal from an Aqueous Solution by Eshraq Ahmed Abdullah, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Zulkarnain Zainal, Mohd Zobir Hussein, Tan Kar Ban

“…After calcination, the precipitate was characterised by several methods, which included X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, BET surface area and pH drift method to determine the pH of point of zero charge (pHpzc). …”
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Sustainable utilization of bovine adipose tissue derivatives as robust antimicrobial agents against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Muhammed Abdelhameed Ismael Alcici, Salma Waheed Abdelhaleem, Karima Mogahed Fahim, Neveen Mohamed Saleh, Heba Saeed Farag

“…Direct bacterial membrane attachment and intracellular capture was visualized under light and electron microscopy. Adipolysate was characterized via GC–MS, the fatty acid profile demonstrated several components with known antimicrobial properties. …”
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Hydrothermal Synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles: Tailoring Morphology and Particle Size Variations for Enhanced Properties by Tijen Ennil Bektaş, Uğur Cengiz, Gürkan Akarken

“…Various characterization techniques were conducted including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmitting electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of temperature and time on synthesis process was characterized and discussed. …”
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Textural Characterisation of Iron-Promoted Raney Nickel Catalysts Synthesised by Mechanical Alloying by J. Salmones, B. Zeifert, J.G. Cabañas-Moreno, G. Aguilar-Rios, F. Rojas, A.J. Ramirez-Cuesta

“…Substrate characterisation involved studies by atomic absorption (AA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) in the SEM and nitrogen physisorption. …”
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Bone Marrow-Derived, Neural-Like Cells Have the Characteristics of Neurons to Protect the Peripheral Nerve in Microenvironment by Shi-lei Guo, Zhi-ying Zhang, Yan Xu, Yun-xia Zhi, Chang-jie Han, Yu-hao Zhou, Fang Liu, Hai-yan Lin, Chuan-sen Zhang

“…Electromyography (EMG), immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to analyze the development of the cells in the peripheral nerve environment. …”
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