Functional heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic potential in the K18-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection by Kátia Nunes da Silva, Fernanda Martins Marim, Gisele Vieira Rocha, Zaquer Suzana Munhoz Costa-Ferro, Luciana Souza de Aragão França, Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka, Bruno Diaz Paredes, Erik Aranha Rossi, Erick Correia Loiola, Corynne Stephanie Ahouefa Adanho, Rachel Santana Cunha, Mayck Medeiros Amaral da Silva, Fernanda Ferreira Cruz, Vivian Vasconcelos Costa, Dalila Lucíola Zanette, Clarissa Araújo Gurgel Rocha, Renato Santana Aguiar, Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco, Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza

“…Administration of hUCMSC to SARS-CoV-2-infected K18 mice expressing hACE2 was effective in improving lung histology and modulating of a panel of cytokines. Conclusions Our study assessed MSCs derived from various tissues, uncovering significant variability in their characteristics and immunomodulatory capacities. …”
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Cancer stem cells and tumor-associated macrophages as mates in tumor progression: mechanisms of crosstalk and advanced bioinformatic tools to dissect their phenotypes and interacti... by Francesco Verona, Sebastiano Di Bella, Roberto Schirano, Camilla Manfredi, Francesca Angeloro, Giulia Bozzari, Matilde Todaro, Matilde Todaro, Giuseppe Giannini, Giuseppe Giannini, Giorgio Stassi, Veronica Veschi

“…The aggressive behavior of CSCs is guided by several intracellular signaling pathways such as WNT, NF-kappa-B, NOTCH, Hedgehog, JAK-STAT, PI3K/AKT1/MTOR, TGF/SMAD, PPAR and MAPK kinases, as well as extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, and extracellular signaling molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, pro-angiogenetic and growth factors, which finely regulate CSC phenotype. …”
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Gegen Qinlian Decoction Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer via Suppressing TLR4 Signaling Pathway Based on Network Pharmacology and In Vivo/In Vitro Experimental Valid... by Yaoyao Xu, Qiaoyan Cai, Chunyu Zhao, Weixiang Zhang, Xinting Xu, Haowei Lin, Yuxing Lin, Daxin Chen, Shan Lin, Peizhi Jia, Meiling Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Lin

“…In vitro, GQD suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines and TLR4 signaling pathway in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and combined with TAK242, it further reduced the phosphorylation of IκBα, P65. …”
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Clinical outcome changes in sarcopenic obesity: a meta-analysis of exercise training methods by Lei Chen, Haojing Zhou, Yichen Gong, Yi Tang, Hai Su, Zhongyi Zhang, Peijian Tong, Guoqian Chen

“…This underscores the clinical significance of exercise intervention in treating muscle-reducing obesity, suggesting future studies explore exercise intervention’s role and mechanism, particularly related to IGF-1, IL-6, and other cytokines.…”
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29 m6A-RNA Methylation (Epitranscriptomic) Regulators Are Regulated in 41 Diseases including Atherosclerosis and Tumors Potentially via ROS Regulation – 102 Transcriptomic Dataset... by Ming Liu, Keman Xu, Fatma Saaoud, Ying Shao, Ruijing Zhang, Yifan Lu, Yu Sun, Charles Drummer, Li Li, Sheng Wu, Satya P. Kunapuli, Gerard J. Criner, Jianxin Sun, Huimin Shan, Xiaohua Jiang, Hong Wang, Xiaofeng Yang

“…We performed a database mining on 102 transcriptomic datasets for the expressions of 29 m6A-RNA methylation (epitranscriptomic) regulators (m6A-RMRs) in 41 diseases and cancers and made significant findings: (1) a few m6A-RMRs were upregulated; and most m6A-RMRs were downregulated in sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, and trauma; (2) half of 29 m6A-RMRs were downregulated in atherosclerosis; (3) inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis modulated m6A-RMRs more than lupus and psoriasis; (4) some organ failures shared eight upregulated m6A-RMRs; end-stage renal failure (ESRF) downregulated 85% of m6A-RMRs; (5) Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections modulated m6A-RMRs the most among viral infections; (6) proinflammatory oxPAPC modulated m6A-RMRs more than DAMP stimulation including LPS and oxLDL; (7) upregulated m6A-RMRs were more than downregulated m6A-RMRs in cancer types; five types of cancers upregulated ≥10 m6A-RMRs; (8) proinflammatory M1 macrophages upregulated seven m6A-RMRs; (9) 86% of m6A-RMRs were differentially expressed in the six clusters of CD4+Foxp3+ immunosuppressive Treg, and 8 out of 12 Treg signatures regulated m6A-RMRs; (10) immune checkpoint receptors TIM3, TIGIT, PD-L2, and CTLA4 modulated m6A-RMRs, and inhibition of CD40 upregulated m6A-RMRs; (11) cytokines and interferons modulated m6A-RMRs; (12) NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways upregulated more than downregulated m6A-RMRs whereas TP53, PTEN, and APC did the opposite; (13) methionine-homocysteine-methyl cycle enzyme Mthfd1 downregulated more than upregulated m6A-RMRs; (14) m6A writer RBM15 and one m6A eraser FTO, H3K4 methyltransferase MLL1, and DNA methyltransferase, DNMT1, regulated m6A-RMRs; and (15) 40 out of 165 ROS regulators were modulated by m6A eraser FTO and two m6A writers METTL3 and WTAP. …”
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α-Methyl-Tryptophan Inhibits SLC6A14 Expression and Exhibits Immunomodulatory Effects in Crohn’s Disease by Su Y, Li J, Chen Y, Bao J, Lei Z, Ma M, Zhang W, Liu Q, Xu B, Hu T, Hu Y

“…The α-MT treatment group also exhibited reduced levels of cytokines involved in T cell differentiation (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and the expression of immune cell surface markers CXCR-3 and LAG-3. …”
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Emodin protects against severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signal and inhibiting ferroptosis in vivo and in vitro by Gang Shen, Haiyun Wen, Huijuan Li, Xuetao Zhang, Bowen Lan, Xuanchi Dong, Peng Ge, Yalan Luo, Hailong Chen

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Fe2+, and associated oxidative stress indicators in the serum and cell supernatant. …”
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USP22 inhibits microglial M1 polarization by regulating the PU.1/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by Ming-chen Yu, Xiao-lin Li, Ming-liang Ning, Zhen-zhong Yan, Wan-tao Yu

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay was employed to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1 β, and IL-10 in the cells. …”
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Differentiating Latent Tuberculosis from Active Tuberculosis Through Activation Phenotypes and Chemokine Markers HLA-DR, CD38, MCP-1, and RANTES: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analy... by Chaimae Kadi, Narjisse Ahmadi, Anass Houdou, Imad El Badisy, Oumnia Bouaddi, Zakaria Mennane, Nouhaila Najimi, Maryam Benlamari, Saber Boutayeb, Mohamed Khalis, Noureddine EL Mtili, Fouad Seghrouchni

“…While some researchers have explored cytokines other than interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as biomarkers, results have shown significant variability in their ability to differentiate between these conditions. …”
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Safety and efficacy of selective RIPK1 inhibitor SIR1-365 in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase 1b trial by Norberto Chavez-Tapia, Muneeba Ahsan Sayeed, Shobha Luxmi, Douglas J. Kasper, Fenchao Xue, Yang Shen, Weiliang Fan, Wei Yuan, Bin Du

“…Background: Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is mainly activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogens, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and its activation could result in apoptosis, necroptosis, or inflammation. …”
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MSC-exosomes pretreated by Danshensu extracts pretreating to target the hsa-miR-27a-5p and STAT3-SHANK2 to enhanced antifibrotic therapy by Jiabin Liang, Jingxiu Zhao, Lin Yang, Qian Wang, Jing Liao, Jianhao Li, Weizhao Zhuang, Fanghong Li, Jinxian He, Yukuan Tang, Hanwei Chen, Chen Huang

“…Methods The in vitro studies included the effects of DSS duration on MSCs, and the characterization of DSS-Exo and Exo, followed by the assessment of RNA and protein expression levels of peritoneal fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines levels after treating human peritoneal mesothelial (HMrSV5) cells. …”
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Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Patients with Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment by Zheyi YU, Weiming ZHANG

“…Objective:To observe the improvement of cognitive function and the changes of serum nerve influencing factors and cytokines in patients with stroke treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).Methods:A total of 100 patients with post-stroke congitive impairment (PSCI) were randomly divided into observation group (<italic>n</italic>=51) and control group (<italic>n</italic>=49) by SAS software. …”
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Le stress thermique environnemental dans l’espèce bovine : 2. Effets physiologiques, pathologiques, comportementaux, alimentaires, immunitaires et sur la production laitière by Christian Hanzen, Pauline Delhez, Jean-Luc Hornick, Françoise Lessire, Djellel Eddine Gherissi

“…Chez la vache en lactation, il entraîne une augmentation du taux cellulaire du lait et une diminution de la concentration plasmatique en cytokines et en immunoglobulines. Enfin, un stress thermique induit une augmentation de la prévalence de pathologies telles que l’acidose du rumen, l’acétonémie, les boiteries, les mammites ou encore l’infestation parasitaire. …”
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Mechanism of Qingjie Fuzheng Granules on alleviating 5-FU chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis in a mouse model of Colorectal Cancer by regulating Cathepsin B/NLRP3 pathway by Yuan Yingfei, Lin Jiumao, Lin Minghe, Zhao Jinyan, Chen Xuzheng, Liu Jinhong, Zhu Xiaoqin

“…Compared with the 5-FU group, QFG significantly reduced the expressions of DAO, D-LA and ET as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in mouse serum (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05); The protein expression of Cathepsin B in jejunum tissue of 5-FU+QFG group was significantly reduced(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), The protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved Caspase-1 in the jejunum tissue of 5-FU+QFG group were decreased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). …”
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Warm and humid environment induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and bacterial translocation leading to inflammatory state and promotes proliferation and biofilm formation of certain ba... by Yinrui Guo, Jianlang He, Shaojie Li, Shiqi Zou, Haiting Zhang, Xin Yang, Jian Wang

“…Both mice and human subjects with “Dampness Syndrome” displayed elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and interleukin-17 A (IL-17A). Interestingly, Saliva samples from individuals with “Dampness Syndrome” showed elevated TNF-α levels, accompanied by thick and greasy tongue fur. …”
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Effect of Electroacupuncture Preconditioning on Inflammatory Factors of Rabbits after Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Mengli YAO, Xianghua CHEN, Zhaohui CHEN, Hai WANG

“…Objective:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture preconditioning on the pathological changes of spinal cord tissue and the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1Rα)after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to explore the protective mechanism of electroacupuncture on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.Methods:A total of twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group and the electroacupuncture group according to the random number table method, with eight cases in each group.The model was made by Zivin method in the model group and the electroacupuncture group, the abdominal cavity was opened after intravenous anesthesia at ear margin, the abdominal aorta was exposed and temporarily clamped, and the rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury was established after ischemia for thirty minutes.The model preparation and experimental animal treatment of the sham operation group were the same as those of the model group, however, the dissection was fully exposed without clamping the abdominal aorta.At thirty minutes before the induction of rabbit spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion model, SDZ-II electroacupuncture instrument was used to acupuncture bilateral"Xuanzhong"and"Yanglingquan"acupoints in the electroacupuncture group, intervention for thirty minutes.All rabbits were killed after intervention for twelve hours, and the L2-5 segments of spinal cord tissue were captured.HE staining method was used to observe the pathological changes of spinal cord tissues in the three groups; Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the localization and content changes of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1Rα in serum before modeling and 4, 8, 12 hours after ischemia-reperfusion.Results:①HE staining results: compared with the sham operation group, the number of neurons in spinal cord tissue in the model group decreased, the color of nucleus and cytoplasm of cells became lighter, and the boundary of nuclear membrane was not clear.In severe cases, the nucleus dissolved or even nucleolus disappeared, there were transparent areas around cells, and axons showed different degrees of degeneration such as enlargement, swelling and disappearance; compared with the model group, the number of neurons in the electroacupuncture group increased, the structure of most neurons was clear, the atrophy degree of nucleolus and nucleus was light, only a small amount of cells became deformed and necrosis, the damage degree of cells were lighter, and the density of surviving neurons increased.②Immunohistochemistry results: compared with the sham operation group, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α of spinal cord tissue in the model group were significantly increased(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the model group, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the spinal cord of rabbits in the electroacupuncture group were significantly decreased(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).③ELISA results: Before modeling, there was no significant difference in the three groups(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05);compared with before modeling, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1Rα in serum of the three groups increased in different degrees at 4, 8 and 12 h after ischemia-reperfusion, with significantly significance(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the sham operation group at the same time, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1Rα in the model group increased significantly at 4, 8 and 12 h after reperfusion(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the model group at the same time, the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the electroacupuncture group decreased significantly at 4, 8, 12 h after reperfusion(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture pretreatment can effectively alleviate the pathological injury of spinal cord and has a good protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be related to inhibit the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and promote the expression of IL-1Rα.…”
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Uncovering the Mechanisms of BaBaoWuDanYaoMo Against Influenza A Virus and Virus-Induced Inflammation Based on Network Pharmacology and Pharmacological Evaluation by Lei B, Su Y, Chen R, Chen Z, Liu B, Chen Y, Zhou M, Wang X, Ma Q

“…Lung indexes, histological changes and cytokines were determined on the 6th day.Results: BB could effectively inhibit A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1), A/GZ/GIRD07/09 (H1N1), A/HK/Y280/97 (H9N2) and A/Aichi/68 (H3N2) with IC50 values of 116.5 ± 2.2, 59.86 ± 8.33, 102.87 ± 6.66 and 66.43 ± 6.785 μg/mL, respectively. …”
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Therapeutic Potential of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> (L.) <i>Millsp</i>. Leaf Extract in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Immune Response for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Mingzhang Lin, Linghua Piao, Zhendong Zhao, Li Liao, Dayong Wang, Haiwen Zhang, Xiande Liu

“…Our results demonstrated that oral administration of CCLE significantly alleviates gastrointestinal symptoms in DSS-induced IBD mice by modulating the balance of gut-derived pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This modulation is associated with a functional correction in M1/M2 macrophage polarization and the Th17/Treg cell balance in splenic immune cells, as well as shifts in the populations of harmful bacteria (<i>Erysipelatoclostridium</i> and <i>Staphylococcus</i>) and beneficial bacteria (<i>Odoribacter</i>, unidentified <i>Oscillospiraceae</i>, <i>Lachnoclostridium</i>, and <i>Oscillibacter</i>) in the gut. …”
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Platelet-rich plasma combined with gypenosides for the treatment of psoriasis-like inflammation in mice by LI Dandan, WANG Bing, GE Yu, CHENG Hong, LI Mengxue, WANG Zhicheng, XIA Rong

“…Blood cell count, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot were used to explore the changes in circulating white blood cell count, cytokines IL-17A and TNF-α, and related signaling pathway proteins p-STAT3 and p-P38. …”
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A humanized anti-MSLN×4-1BB bispecific antibody exhibits potent antitumour activity through 4-1BB signaling activation and fc function without systemic toxicity by Da-yan Zhang, Zhi-hua Zhang, Wen-ting Liu, Wei-ming Zhou, Peng-fei Zhou, Juan-juan Wei, Xue-jing Dai, Xiao-li Zeng, Yu-qiong Zhou, Han-wang Li, Heng Zhang, Ao-lin Shen, Lian-sheng Cheng, Guo-dong Shen, Yi-fu He

“…Furthermore, HK013-G1 did not induce nonspecific production of proinflammatory cytokines and showed good tolerability up to the highest tested dose (30 mg/kg weekly) for 5 weeks, with no HK013-G1-related adverse effects observed in cynomolgus monkeys. …”
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