Benign regulation of short-chain fatty acids: the underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of manual acupuncture on cognitive ability and the intestinal mucosal barrier in AP... by Ning Ding, Xin Hao, Yue Zhang, Yanxiang Zhang, Zhigang Li

“…Alterations in spatial learning and memory, intestinal barrier function, SCFAs in feces and serum, the expression of FFAR3 and NF-κB, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in each group.ResultsCompared with those in the C57BL/6 control (Cc) group, cognitive ability was significantly decreased, SCFAs and FFAR3 expression were obviously decreased, intestinal barrier integrity was drastically impaired, and the expression of NF-κB and the levels of intestinal IL-1β and TNF-α were increased in the APP/PS1 control (Ac) group. …”
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Effect of High-Fat Diet on Spatial Learning and Memory and Regulatory Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in the Dentate Gyrus by LIU Huaying, DONG Wei, ZHANG Zihan, LI Yingshun, JIN Qinghua

“…The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory capacity of the rats; Western blot was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMKII) and cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB), pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG); the expression of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) in the DG were observed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. …”
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Delayed-release prednisone improves fatigue and health-related quality of life: findings from the CAPRA-2 double-blind randomised study in rheumatoid arthritis by Frank Buttgereit, Rieke Alten, Amy Grahn, Robert J Holt, Patricia Rice

“…Delayed-release (DR) prednisone is designed for evening administration (approximately 22:00) and releases 4 h later to coincide with the rise of nocturnal inflammatory cytokines associated with development of morning stiffness. …”
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Plasma CXCL3 Levels Are Associated with Tumor Progression and an Unfavorable Colorectal Cancer Prognosis by Can Cui, Rui Zhang, Feng Gu, Yunfeng Pei, Li Sun, Yueyang Huang, Guoping Niu, Jian Li

“…The CXC chemokines belong to a unique family of chemotactic cytokines that influence the initiation, progression, and clinical outcome of many tumor types. …”
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NLRP3 Inflammasome Simultaneously Involved in Autophagy and Phagocytosis of THP-1 Cells to Clear Aged Erythrocytes by Qin Li, Fengyong Zhao, Jiamin Zhang, Ying Yang, Zhonghui Guo, Chen Wang, Qixiu Yang, Ying Sun, Ziyan Zhu

“…These findings may be a potential strategy for regulating the clearance rate of phagocytes to aged RBCs and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines to ensure transfusion safety.…”
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Ethyl Pyruvate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis and Autophagy by Miao Shen, Jie Lu, Weiqi Dai, Fan Wang, Ling Xu, Kan Chen, Lei He, Ping Cheng, Yan Zhang, Chengfen Wang, Dong Wu, Jing Yang, Rong Zhu, Huawei Zhang, Yinqun Zhou, Chuanyong Guo

“…Furthermore, ethyl pyruvate inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4/ NF-κb axis and the release of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Conclusion. Our results showed that ethyl pyruvate might attenuate to hepatic I/R injury by inhibiting intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and autophagy, mediated partly through downregulation of HMGB1/TLR4/ NF-κb axis and the competitive interaction with Beclin-1 of HMGB1.…”
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Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome abrogates cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint blockers by Ping Li, Zhen Qin, Yang Lu, Jiamin Gao, Zhenwei Wang, Ge Zhang, Han Yang, Yachen Hou, Dashuai Wang, Pengchong Du, Yunzhe Wang, Quanzhou Chen, Zhaowei Sun, Jinying Zhang, Junnan Tang

“…Single-cell RNA sequencing elucidated that MCC950 treatment reduced the cardiac infiltration of pathogenic macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, activated T cells, and their production of inflammatory cytokines, while enhancing the presence of reparative macrophages and naive T cells. …”
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Decreased Soluble Receptor of Advanced Glycation End Product Levels Correlated with Inflammation in Silicosis by Heliang Liu, Jingjing Ma, Tian Jiang, Enhong Li, Xiaokun Zhao, Ying Wang, Jie Cui, Xiaohui Hao, Lingli Guo

“…The associations between sRAGE and cytokines and ox-LDL and lung function were assessed by Pearson’s correlation analyses. …”
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Pharmacological Modulation of the Unfolded Protein Response as a Therapeutic Approach in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma by Nadia St. Thomas, Benjamin N. Christopher, Leticia Reyes, Reeder M. Robinson, Lena Golick, Xiaoyi Zhu, Eli Chapman, Nathan G. Dolloff

“…Interestingly, JG-023 also selectively suppressed the production of Th2 cytokines in CTCL and normal CD4+ T cells. Conditioned media (CM) from CTCL were immunosuppressive to normal T cells through an IL-10-dependent mechanism. …”
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Inhaling arsenic aggravates airway hyperreactivity by upregulating PNEC-sourced 5-HT in OVA-induced allergic asthma by Xue Lu, Zhu-Xia Tan, Ya-Xin Yao, Ze-Yan Li, Yan-Yan Zhu, Qian-Qun Yang, Zhao Li, Kun Peng, Yan Wang, De-Xiang Xu

“…OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and upregulation of Th2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, were not aggravated in As-exposed mice. …”
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Vitamin D Regulates the Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptors in Blood of Severe Asthmatic Patients by Bassam Mahboub, Saba Al Heialy, Mahmood Yaseen Hachim, Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan, Ashraf Alzaabi, Rania Medhat Seliem, Laila Ibraheem Salameh, Sameen Masooma Toor, Fathelrahman Salem Shendi, Ola Mohamed Al Ali, Basil Khalid Safarini, Wafa Taleb Erabia, Rabih Halwani, Qutayba Hamid

“…Moreover, the blood levels of inflammatory cytokines associated with asthma severity were determined. …”
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Osimertinib exacerbates immune checkpoint inhibitor-related severe adverse events by activating the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway in macrophages by Yuan Li, Yanping Chen, Yuan Meng, Meng Shen, Fan Yang, Xiubao Ren

“…Conclusions: An osimertinib and ICI-induced irAE mouse model was constructed that showed osimertinib combined with ICIs inhibited EGFR phosphorylation and activated the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in mouse liver macrophages, which led to the release of relevant cytokines.…”
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Real-world outdoor air exposure effects in a model of the human airway epithelium – A comparison of healthy and asthmatic individuals using a mobile laboratory setting by Pavel Rossner, Helena Libalova, Tereza Cervena, Michal Sima, Zuzana Simova, Kristyna Vrbova, Antonin Ambroz, Zuzana Novakova, Fatima Elzeinova, Anezka Vimrova, Lubos Dittrich, Michal Vojtisek, Martin Pechout, Michal Vojtisek-Lom

“…We measured lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and adenylate kinase (AK) production and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), analyzed 15-F2t-isopostane (IsoP) and a panel of 20 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors. In the ambient air, we detected particulate matter (PM), and other relevant chemicals (benzene, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), NOx). …”
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Effects of GABA Supplementation on Intestinal SIgA Secretion and Gut Microbiota in the Healthy and ETEC-Infected Weanling Piglets by Yuanyuan Zhao, Jing Wang, Hao Wang, Yonggang Huang, Ming Qi, Simeng Liao, Peng Bin, Yulong Yin

“…We found that, in both the normal and ETEC-infected piglets, jejunal SIgA secretion and expression of some cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, and IL-17, were increased by GABA supplementation. …”
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Deficiency of purinergic P2Y2 receptor impairs the recovery after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and accelerates renal fibrosis and tubular senescence in mice by Kyuho Jeong, Jihyun Je, Theodomir Dusabimana, Jacques Karekezi, Tatang Aldi Nugroho, Edvard Ntambara Ndahigwa, Hyun Joon Kim, Seung Pil Yun, Hye Jung Kim, Hwajin Kim, Sang Won Park

“…Proximal tubular cells treated with JunB siRNA showed a reduced expression of fibrogenic mediators and proinflammatory cytokines, consistent with the mice treated with MRS2768, a P2Y2 agonist that downregulated JunB levels. …”
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Acupuncture Treatment in Elderly People with Sarcopenia: Effects on the Strength and Inflammatory Mediators by Gisele Soares Mendes Damasceno, Thaís Helena Machado Marçal Teixeira, Vinicius Carolino de Souza, Tiago Sousa Neiva, Karina Prudente Pereira, Maria de Fátima Teles Landim, Gislane Ferreira de Melo, Juliana de Faria Fracon e Romão, Otávio Tolêdo Nóbrega, Gustavo de Azevedo Carvalho

“…Assessment of body composition, handgrip strength, and functional test and IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α cytokines analyses were performed. After verification of the physical examination, the subjects were divided into two groups (sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic). …”
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A Novel Approach for In Vitro Testing and Hazard Evaluation of Nanoformulated RyR2-Targeting siRNA Drugs Using Human PBMCs by Valeria Bettinsoli, Gloria Melzi, Angelica Crea, Lorenzo Degli Esposti, Michele Iafisco, Daniele Catalucci, Paolo Ciana, Emanuela Corsini

“…To assess immune activation, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ) was measured 24 h after exposure. …”
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Iguratimod Inhibits the Aggressiveness of Rheumatoid Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes by Jin Lin, Ye Yu, Xuanwei Wang, Yini Ke, Chuanyin Sun, Lihuan Yue, Guanhua Xu, Bei Xu, Liqin Xu, Heng Cao, Danyi Xu, Nancy Olsen, Weiqian Chen

“…The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and proinflammatory cytokines in RA-FLSs were measured by quantitative PCR and ELISA. …”
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Correlation and diagnostic significance of CD4 T cell subsets and NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: the role of the NLRP3/T-bet/GATA3 axis by Yingnan Hu, Jingyi Tang, Dian Yu, Shuo Su, Jintao Fang, Linying Xia, Wenjun Xu, Weihan Zhu, Ninping Song, Fengyong Wang, Dechang Diao, Wei Zhang

“…Additionally, Th1 and Th2 cytokines (IL-2 and IL-4) were significantly elevated in severe UC, while Treg markers (FOXP3, IL-10, TGF-β1) were elevated only in mild-to-moderate UC. …”
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<i>Zanthoxylum piperitum</i> Benn. Attenuates Monosodium Urate-Induced Gouty Arthritis: A Network Pharmacology Investigation of Its Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms by Sung Wook Kim, Soo Hyun Jeong, Jong Uk Kim, Mi Hye Kim, Wonwoong Lee, Cheol-Jung Lee, Tae Han Yook, Gabsik Yang

“…<b>Results:</b> In vitro, deZP decreased inflammatory cytokines. However, in vivo, it also decreased paw thickness and IL-1β levels. …”
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