Gradual Increase of High Mobility Group Protein B1 in the Lungs after the Onset of Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Masahito Ebina, Hiroyuki Taniguchi, Taku Miyasho, Shingo Yamada, Naoko Shibata, Hiromitsu Ohta, Shu Hisata, Shinya Ohkouchi, Tsutomu Tamada, Hidekazu Nishimura, Akitoshi Ishizaka, Ikuro Maruyama, Yoshinori Okada, Kondo Takashi, Toshihiro Nukiwa

“…To evaluate the roles of inflammatory mediators in acute exacerbation, the concentrations of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), a chief mediator of acute lung injury, and 18 inflammatory cytokines were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serially sampled from seven IPF patients after the onset of acute exacerbation. …”
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Is Exploration of Alternate Immune Pathways Needed in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? A Case of Atopic Dermatitis and Concurrent Hidradenitis Suppurativa Responding to Dupilumab by Sean McCormack, Noor Tazudeen, Benjamin C. Garden

“…Interestingly enough, dupilumab targets Th2-mediated inflammatory skin conditions through the inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 cytokines. While dupilumab is known for its success in treating Th2-mediated inflammation, this presents a paradox as HS is a Th1/Th17 inflammatory condition. …”
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Protective Actions of PPAR-γ Activation in Renal Endothelium by Peter E. Westerweel, Marianne C. Verhaar

“…The presentation of adhesion molecules and release of cytokines recruiting inflammatory cells are inhibited by PPAR-γ-agonism. …”
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Interleukin 6 and 8 Levels in Plasma and Fibroblast Cultures in Psoriasis

“…The aim of the study was to evaluate soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) plasma levels in psoriatic patients and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in fibroblast culture supernatants. Cytokines levels in plasma and supernatants were measured by ELISA. …”
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Clinical Biology and Potential Use of Thrombopoietin by Russell Basser

“…The discovery of platelet growth factors raised expectations that an effective method for abrogating thrombocytopenia would soon be available in the clinic. The cytokines initially described were pleiotropic in nature, and stimulation of platelet production was generally modest. …”
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Role of Heme Oxygenase in Inflammation, Insulin-Signalling, Diabetes and Obesity by Joseph Fomusi Ndisang

“…A common denominator of these chronic conditions is the enhanced the levels of cytokines like tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), IL-1β and resistin, which in turn activates the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-κB pathways, creating a vicious cycle that exacerbates insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes and related complications. …”
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Immune Optimization as a Preventive and Therapeutic Adjunct for the Management of Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Dysfunction Diseases: A Review by Michael T. Okafor, Queenet C. Onyebuchukwu, Germaine A. Okafor, Samuel C. Niteh, Chikere A. Anusiem

“…We reviewed articles with keywords, such as Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System, Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Immune Dysfunction, T lymphocyte activation/dysfunction, cytokines, RAAS Dysfunction, RAAS blockers, therapeutic adjunct, and prevention. …”
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The Photoprotective Effect of Curcumin on Skin Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation by Aletheia Threskeia, Siti Khaerunnisa, Ahmad K. Al-Khazaleh, Indri Safitri Mukono

“…Researchers found that curcumin protects against oxidants, reduces inflammation, prevents aging due to UV exposure, reduces epidermal thickness, reduces wrinkles, decreases inflammatory cytokines, and increases collagen density. Administration of curcumin in its pure form or from the extraction of Curcuma species showed similar good results. …”
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Inhibitory Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation by Yue Sun, Dejing Shang

“…On the contrary, AMPs can also inhibit the production of biological inflammatory cytokines to reduce the inflammatory response through neutralizing circulating LPS. …”
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TAFRO Syndrome Mimicking Solid Cancer and Successfully Treated by Tocilizumab: A Case and Literature Review by Pei-An Fu, Chia-Chi Wu, Ya-Ting Hsu

“…Hypersecretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6, plays a critical role in this disease. …”
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Iron-regulatory liver hormone hepcidin and its place in the system of congenital immunity by O. A. Smirnov

“…Expression peptide mRNA in hepatocytes is induced by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α) similar to acute phase proteins of inflammation, and also by liver iron overload. …”
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Relationship between circadian rhythm characteristics and chronotypes with multiple sclerosis: literature review by Ieva Jonušaitė, Eglė Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė, Rūta Mameniškienė, R. Kizlaitienė

“…Both circadian rhythm disorders and increased serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines are considered as factors negatively affecting sleep homeostasis among patients with multiple sclerosis. …”
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Distinguishable Immunologic Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Compared with Nondiabetic Individuals by Ruxing Zhao, Yujing Sun, Yongyuan Zhang, Weili Wang, Shouyu Wang, Chuang Wang, Jinbo Liu, Ling Gao, Zhao Hu, Jianchun Fei, Xinguo Hou, Huizhen Zheng, Li Chen

“…Levels of C reactive protein, immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE), and complements (C3, C4) were detected by rate nephelometry immunoassay. And Th1/Th2 cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were detected by Cytometric Bead Array. …”
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Associations of pro-inflammatory factors and IL-10 levels with degree of suicide risk in adolescents with depression by Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Hongyu Zheng, Hongyu Zheng, Hongyu Zheng, Xiaofei Wen, Xiaofei Wen, Xiaofei Wen, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong

“…IL-10 was positively correlated with the total score of the HAMD-17, BSI-CV, and suicidal ideation; the other four cytokines were also somewhat correlated with suicidal ideation (all p<0.05). …”
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Pan-tumor analysis to investigate the obesity paradox in immune checkpoint blockade by Evan J Lipson, Ludmila Danilova, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Won Jin Ho, Mark Yarchoan, Yasser Ged, Jean Hoffman-Censits, Jennifer Durham, Sanjay Bansal, Chester Kao, Rajat Mohindra, Stephanie L Alden, Tanguy Y Seiwert, Soren Charmsaz, Howard L Li, Kabeer Munjal, Hua-Ling Tsai, Alexei Hernandez, Erin M Coyne, Rachel Garonce-Hediger, Laura Tang, Marina Baretti, Kathryn Howe, G Scott Chandler, Madelena Brancati, Aanika Warner, Ervin Griffin, Mari Nakazawa, Chris Thoburn, Jennifer Gizzi, Nicole E Gross, Elsa Hallab, Sarah S Shin, Aditi Guha

“…Obesity is associated with reduced levels of certain inhibitory cytokines and higher expression of T-cell exhaustion markers. …”
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The PD-1 with PD-L1 Axis Is Pertinent with the Immune Modulation of Atrial Fibrillation by Regulating T Cell Excitation and Promoting the Secretion of Inflammatory Factors by Guodong Chang, Yingwei Chen, Zichang Liu, Yong Wang, Wenkun Ge, Yongan Kang, Shuling Guo

“…After α interferon upregulated PD-L1 expression in cells, the ability of mDCs to stimulate T cells to secrete IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-γ cytokines was reversed in patients in the atrial fibrillation group, and the differences compared with the control group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). …”
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Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase-3 Aggravates Neuroinflammatory Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage via Activation NF-κB/IL-17A Pathway in Mice by Wang J, Li Y, Tan C, Shao J, Tang W, Kong Q, Sheng W, Ding Z, Li F, Piao J, Lv D, Hu L, Wang Q, Jiang X

“…Furthermore, IRAK3 siRNA treatment markedly decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation via the NF-κB/IL-17A signaling pathway. …”
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Inflammation and Immune Response in COPD: Where Do We Stand? by Nikoletta Rovina, Antonia Koutsoukou, Nikolaos G. Koulouris

“…These signals act as ligands to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), triggering the production of cytokines and inducing innate inflammation. In smokers who develop COPD there appears to be a specific pattern of inflammation in the airways and parenchyma as a result of both innate and adaptive immune responses, with the predominance of CD8+ and CD4+ cells, and in the more severe disease, with the presence of lymphoid follicles containing B lymphocytes and T cells. …”
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PANoptosis in Bacterial Infections: A Double-Edged Sword Balancing Host Immunity and Pathogenesis by Xiaoe He, Xiangyan Jiang, Jiayin Guo, Hui Sun, Jing Yang

“…On one hand, PANoptosis acts as a protective mechanism by inducing the death of infected cells to eliminate pathogens and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines to amplify the immune response. On the other hand, bacteria can exploit PANoptosis to evade host immune defenses. …”
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Harnessing the power of exosomes for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of hematological malignancies by Amirata Mohseni, Fatemeh Salehi, Samaneh Rostami, Kaveh Hadiloo, Mehrdad Hashemi, Zahra Baridjavadi, Fatemeh Ahangari, Najibeh Karami, Fatemeh Samani, Safa Tahmasebi, Najma Farahani, Afshin Taheriazam

“…They consist of lipid bilayers containing macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, microRNAs, growth factors, cytokines, and carbohydrates. Exosomes play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. …”
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