Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of the Association Between Mitochondrial Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases by Fangyuan Wang, Zhou Jing, Qingyi Wang, Minghe Li, Bingqi Lu, Ao Huo, Chenglin Zhao, Huanyu Zhou, Wulong Liang, Weihua Hu, Xudong Fu

“…ABSTRACT Background Neurodegenerative diseases involve progressive neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline, posing substantial global challenges. …”
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Alzheimer’s disease and infectious agents: a comprehensive review of pathogenic mechanisms and microRNA roles by Seyyed Sam Mehdi Hosseininasab, Rasoul Ebrahimi, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Kiarash Kazemi, Yaser Khakpour, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Ashraf Mohamadkhani, Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Arian Tavasol, Zohreh Tutunchian, Tara Fazel, Mohammad Fathi, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili

“…., Toxoplasma gondii), have been linked to AD due to their ability to activate the immune system, induce inflammation and increase oxidative stress, thereby leading to cognitive decline and AD. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs) might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis mechanisms of these pathogens since they are utilized to target various protein-coding genes, allowing for immune evasion, maintaining latency, and suppressing cellular signaling molecules. …”
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Exploring the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options of Multiple Sclerosis by Simone Lorenzut, Ilaria Del Negro, Giada Pauletto, Lorenzo Verriello, Leopoldo Spadea, Carlo Salati, Mutali Musa, Caterina Gagliano, Marco Zeppieri

“…Demyelination interferes with the ability of the CNS to transmit signals, which can cause a variety of neurological symptoms, including impaired motor function, sensory deficiencies, and cognitive decline. Developing tailored therapeutics requires understanding the underlying processes guiding the course of the disease. …”
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Relationships between Cognitive Function and Odor Identification, Balance Capability, and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged Persons with and without Type 2 Diabetes by Manabu Midorikawa, Hiroaki Suzuki, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Kazuyoshi Yamauchi, Hiroyuki Sato, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Yoko Sugano, Hitoshi Iwasaki, Motohiro Sekiya, Shigeru Yatoh, Naoya Yahagi, Yasushi Hada, Tetsuaki Arai, Hitoshi Shimano

“…Odor identification, balance capability, and knee extension strength were potential markers for cognitive decline in middle-aged persons with T2D.…”
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Obesity-associated memory impairment and neuroinflammation precede widespread peripheral perturbations in aged rats by Michael J. Butler, Stephanie M. Muscat, Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva, Akriti Shrestha, Brigitte M. González Olmo, Sabrina E. Mackey-Alfonso, Nashali Massa, Bryan D. Alvarez, Jade A. Blackwell, Menaz N. Bettes, James W. DeMarsh, Robert H. McCusker, Jacob M. Allen, Ruth M. Barrientos

“…Abstract Background Obesity and metabolic syndrome are major public health concerns linked to cognitive decline with aging. Prior work from our lab has demonstrated that short-term high fat diet (HFD) rapidly impairs memory function via a neuroinflammatory mechanism. …”
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Co-administration of coenzyme Q10 and curcumin mitigates cognitive deficits and exerts neuroprotective effects in aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease in aged mice by Nida Rasheed, Hafiza Khushbakht Hussain, Zohabia Rehman, Azka Sabir, Waseem Ashraf, Tanveer Ahmad, Faleh Alqahtani, Imran Imran

“…Aluminum chloride (AlCl3), a known neurotoxic and Alzheimerogenic metal disrupts redox homeostasis which plays a pivotal role in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly cognitive decline. The current study was designed to unveil the long-term neuroprotective outcomes and efficacy of CoQ10 and curcumin low dose (100 mg/kg each) combination in 18-months old geriatric male Balb/c mice subjected to AlCl3-prompted memory derangements (200 mg/kg in water bottles) for 28 days. …”
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Unexplored avenues: a narrative review of cognition and mood in postmenopausal African women with female genital circumcision/mutilation/cutting by Rohina Kumar, Noelia Calvo, Gillian Einstein, Gillian Einstein, Gillian Einstein, Gillian Einstein, Gillian Einstein, Gillian Einstein

“…Consequently, cognition and age-related cognitive decline and preservation remain understudied. …”
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Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: The Molecular Connectivity between Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Alzheimer’s Disease by Giuseppe Verdile, Kevin N. Keane, Vinicius F. Cruzat, Sandra Medic, Miheer Sabale, Joanne Rowles, Nadeeja Wijesekara, Ralph N. Martins, Paul E. Fraser, Philip Newsholme

“…Although epidemiological and biological evidence has highlighted an increased incidence of cognitive decline and AD in patients with T2DM, the common molecular basis of cell and tissue dysfunction is rapidly gaining recognition. …”
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Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on daily life by J.A. Coebergh, S. McDowell, T.C.A.M. van Woerkom, J.P. Koopman, J.L. Mulder, F.R.E. Smink, J.D. Blom, S.F.T.M. de Bruijn

“…On the basis of our findings we advise further longitudinal, multi-year studies of hearing screening and rehabilitation in Alzheimer’s disease, if possible starting during its prodromal stage, something supported by findings in a large trials suggesting that hearing interventions might be slowing cognitive decline in an older population at risk of this.…”
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Cerebellum abnormalities in vascular mild cognitive impairment with depression symptom patients: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study by Yirong Chen, Liling Chen, Liyu Hu, Jianjun Wang, Jinhuan Zhang, Hanqing Lyu, Jinping Xu, Jianxiang Chen, Haibo Yu

“…Background: Subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) frequently occurs alongside depression symptoms, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. While cognitive decline and depression symptoms are linked to cerebellar changes, the specific relationship between these changes and cognitive status in svMCI patients with depression symptoms remains unclear. …”
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Lipid trajectories improve risk models for Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment by Bruce A. Chase, Roberta Frigerio, Chad J. Yucus, Smita Patel, Demetrius Maraganore, Alan R. Sanders, Jubao Duan, Katerina Markopoulou

“…Inclusion of lipid-trajectory and VIM groups improved risk-model predictive performance independent of APOE and AD or lipid-level PRSs, providing important real-world perspectives on how longitudinal levels and variation of blood-lipid concentrations contribute to risk of cognitive decline.…”
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A study on the exploration of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease based on decision-making cognitive computing by Shouqiang Huang, Kai Li, Kai Li, Chen Wang, Jiakang Liu, Shuwu Li, Yuting Tu, Bo Wang, Huangqin Feng, Qin Yu, Hongzhou Lin, Yuzhe Xu, Jinghang Wu, Ting Zhang, Tong Chen

“…Therefore, this study explored deficits in decision-making cognitive function in PD-MCI population, and mined novel digital biomarkers for recognizing early cognitive decline in PD-MCI through an independently designed maze decision-making digital assessment paradigm. …”
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Hormone replacement therapy, menopausal age and lifestyle variables are associated with better cognitive performance at follow-up but not cognition over time in older-adult women i... by Tamlyn J. Watermeyer, Tamlyn J. Watermeyer, Sarah Gregory, Sarah Gregory, Emmi Leetham, Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh, Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh, Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh, Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh, Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Graciela Muniz-Terrera

“…Two regression models were employed: one analyzing cognitive performance at follow-up and another examining changes in cognitive scores over time.ResultsResults indicate that while age, education, HRT use, age at menopause, alcohol consumption, and diet were associated with cognitive function at a single later time point, only age remained a significant predictor when modeling cognition over time.DiscussionThese findings suggest that while HRT, menopausal age and lifestyle factors may support cognitive stability, they do not necessarily predict cognitive decline in post-menopausal older women. A major limitation of the current work is the lack of detail regarding HRT use, such as formulation, timing and duration; caveats that future studies should address. …”
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Systematic analysis and prediction of the burden of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias caused by hyperglycemia by Dongying He, Dongying He, Manting Liu, Yujin Tang, Xiaona Tian, Lisi Zhou, Yizhen Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, Xiaoxia Liu

“…Emerging evidence has identified high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) as a major modifiable risk factor for ADOD, linking impaired glucose metabolism to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Despite this association, the comprehensive impact of HFPG on the global burden of ADOD has not been fully elucidated. …”
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Optimizing electrode configurations for EEG mild cognitive impairment detection by Yi Jiang, Xin Zhang, Zhiwei Guo, Xiaobo Zhou, Jiayuan He, Ning Jiang

“…The abnormal brain rhythm characteristics of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes in the memory encoding stage of MCI provide a new perspective for MCI-WM impairment, which has the potential to be a novel biomarker for the early detection of pathological age-related cognitive decline. Further, a potential four-electrode configuration may be used for a novel detecting and monitoring EEG system of MCI in non-clinical settings.…”
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Effect of Simple Reaction Speed Training on Executive Function of the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment by Hong ZHANG, Xiaofei WEI, Congyong LIU, Kaili QIAN, Chun LI, Rang LI, Yuan JIANG

“…Moreover, the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the blood before and after intervention was detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.Results:Compared with before intervention, the scores of conversion, working memory, planning, task monitoring, MI, total standard scores, TMT-B and interference in the observation group after intervention for three months were significantly lower, KST, TJT, ZMT, total standard scores and level of serum BDNF of the observation group after intervention were significantly higher (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.05); compared with the control group, the scores of conversion, task initiation, working memory, planning, BRI, MI, total standard scores, TMT-B and interferences of the observation group were significantly lower, and RSCT, KST, TJT, ZMT, total standard scores and level of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of the observation group were significantly high (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.05).Conclusion:Simple reaction speed training can improve the executive function, brain nerve function, and effectively delay cognitive decline of elderly with MCI.…”
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Interleukin IL1a and IL6 gene polymorphism: search for association with APOE genotype and clinical course of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease by G. Pšemeneckienė, K. Petrikonis, D. Rastenytė

“…The study included 110 patients with sporadic AD and 115 age-and-gender-matched healthy controls (HC) without cognitive decline (Lithuanian population). Genotyping of IL1A -889C>T (rs1800587) and IL6 -174G>C (rs1800795, Intron type) was performed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). …”
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Association of a multiplex immune marker panel with incident cognitive impairment and dementia: The Northern Manhattan Study by Mohammad Abdurrehman Sheikh, Michelle P. Moon, Clinton B. Wright, Jose Gutierrez, Minghua Liu, Tatjana Rundek, Ken Cheung, Mady Hornig, Mitchell S.V. Elkind

“…Conclusion: Immune markers are associated with cognitive decline and dementia outcomes in a multi-ethnic cohort. …”
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Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Key Players in Cognitive Function and Brain Health by Wiktoria Wesołowska, Emilia Bachoń, Michalina Doligalska, Aleksandra Stremel, Agnieszka Leszyńska, Julia Linke, Zuzanna Bałoniak, Dominika Kozłowska, Julia Bałoniak, Weronika Tuszyńska

“…Modern diets, often lacking in omega-3, highlight their importance in combating cognitive decline, neurodegenerative diseases, and mental disorders. …”
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The role of the KIBRA and APOE genes in developing spatial abilities in humans by A. V. Kazantseva, R. F. Enikeeva, Yu. D. Davydova, R. N. Mustafin, Z. R. Takhirova, S. B. Malykh, M. M. Lobaskova, T. N. Tikhomirova, E. K. Khusnutdinova

“…Considering a significant role of genetic and environmental components in cognitive functioning, the present study aimed to estimate the main effect of NGF (rs6330), NRXN1 (rs1045881, rs4971648), KIBRA (rs17070145), NRG1 (rs6994992), BDNF (rs6265), GRIN2B (rs3764030), APOE (rs7412, rs429358), and SNAP25 (rs363050) gene polymorphisms and to assess the effect of gene-environment interactions on individual differences in spatial ability in individuals without cognitive decline aged 18–25 years (N = 1011, 80 % women). …”
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