Modeling Climate‐Driven Vegetation Changes Under Contrasting Temperate and Arid Conditions in the Mediterranean Basin by Marco Bianchini, Mohamed Tarhouni, Matteo Francioni, Marco Fiorentini, Chiara Rivosecchi, Jamila Msadek, Abderrazak Tlili, Farah Chouikhi, Marina Allegrezza, Giulio Tesei, Paola Antonia Deligios, Roberto Orsini, Luigi Ledda, Maria Karatassiou, Athanasios Ragkos, Paride D'Ottavio

“…Using WorldClim's CMCC‐ESM2 climate model, future vegetation distribution was predicted for 2050 and 2080 under SSP 245 (optimistic) and 585 (pessimistic) scenarios. …”
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The very-high-resolution configuration of the EC-Earth global model for HighResMIP by E. Moreno-Chamarro, E. Moreno-Chamarro, E. Moreno-Chamarro, T. Arsouze, T. Arsouze, M. Acosta, P.-A. Bretonnière, M. Castrillo, E. Ferrer, A. Frigola, D. Kuznetsova, E. Martin-Martinez, P. Ortega, S. Palomas

“…<p>We present the very-high-resolution (VHR) version of the EC-Earth global climate model, EC-Earth3P-VHR, developed for HighResMIP. …”
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Preindustrial-to-present-day changes in atmospheric carbon monoxide: agreement and gaps between ice archives and global model reconstructions by X. Faïn, S. Szopa, V. Naïk, P. Martinerie, D. M. Etheridge, D. M. Etheridge, R. H. Rhodes, C. M. Trudinger, C. M. Trudinger, V. V. Petrenko, K. Fourteau, P. Place, P. Place

“…<p>Global chemistry–climate models (CCMs) play an important role in assessing the climate and air pollution implications of aerosols and chemically reactive gases. …”
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Causes of growing middle-to-upper tropospheric ozone over the northwest Pacific region by X. Ma, X. Ma, J. Huang, J. Huang, M. I. Hegglin, M. I. Hegglin, P. Jöckel, T. Zhao

“…This study aims to address these gaps by analyzing O<span class="inline-formula">₃</span> soundings at four sites along the northwestern Pacific coastal region over the past 3 decades and by assessing their consistency with an atmospheric chemistry–climate model simulation. Utilizing the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Hamburg (ECHAM)/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) nudged simulations, it is demonstrated that trends between model and ozonesonde measurements are overall consistent, thereby gaining confidence in the model's ability to simulate O<span class="inline-formula">₃</span> trends and confirming the utility of potentially imperfect observational data. …”
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Impact of mineral dust on the global nitrate aerosol direct and indirect radiative effect by A. Milousis, K. Klingmüller, A. P. Tsimpidi, J. F. Kok, M. Kanakidou, M. Kanakidou, M. Kanakidou, A. Nenes, A. Nenes, V. A. Karydis

“…For this purpose, multiyear simulations nudged towards the observed atmospheric circulation were performed with the global atmospheric chemistry and climate model EMAC, while the thermodynamics of the interactions between inorganic aerosols and mineral dust were simulated with the thermodynamic equilibrium model ISORROPIA-lite. …”
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Bias-corrected high-resolution temperature and precipitation projections for Canada by Hebatallah M. Abdelmoaty, Chandra Rupa Rajulapati, Sofia D. Nerantzaki, Simon Michael Papalexiou

“…The SPQM-CMIP6-CAN database encompasses 693 simulations derived from 34 diverse climate models for precipitation. Similarly, for temperature projections, our database comprises 581 simulations from 27 climate models. …”
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Epistemic Uncertainties in Climate Predictions: A Challenge for Practical Decision Making by Rafaela Hillerbrand

“…Most scientists agree that, at least for the time being, unquantified uncertainties are inevitably connected to predictions of climate models. Uncertainties, however, do not justify political inaction. …”
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A hybrid ice-mélange model based on particle and continuum methods by S. Kahl, C. Mehlmann, D. Notz

“…However, ice mélange has not been represented in climate models because numerically efficient realizations do not exist. …”
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Emergent constraints on global soil moisture projections under climate change by Lei Yao, Guoyong Leng, Linfei Yu, Hongyi Li, Qiuhong Tang, Andre Python, Jim W. Hall, Xiaoyong Liao, Ji Li, Jiali Qiu, Johannes Quaas, Shengzhi Huang, Yin Jin, Jakob Zscheischler, Jian Peng

“…Such projections are mostly based on climate models, which show large uncertainty (i.e., inter-model spread) partly due to inadequate observational constraint. …”
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Emergence of the North Pacific heat storage pattern delayed by decadal wind-driven redistribution by Jing Duan, Yuanlong Li, Yilong Lyu, Zhao Jing, Fan Wang

“…Abstract Storage of anthropogenic heat in the oceans is spatially inhomogeneous, impacting regional climates and human societies. Climate models project enhanced heat storage in the mid-latitude North Pacific (MNP) and much weaker storage in the tropical Pacific. …”
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Unsupervised Classification of Global Temperature Profiles Based on Gaussian Mixture Models by Xiaotian Ye, Weifeng Zhou

“…The results highlight the significant roles of ocean currents, climatic phenomena, and ecological factors in temperature distribution, providing insights for ocean circulation studies, climate modeling, and marine biodiversity conservation. …”
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Evaluation of biases in mid-to-high-latitude surface snowfall and cloud phase in ERA5 and CMIP6 using satellite observations by F. Hellmuth, T. Carlsen, A. S. Daloz, R. O. David, H. Che, T. Storelvmo

“…Understanding the origin(s) of the biases identified here is, therefore, crucial for improving the overall reliability of climate models.</p>…”
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Technical note: Recommendations for diagnosing cloud feedbacks and rapid cloud adjustments using cloud radiative kernels by M. D. Zelinka, L.-W. Chao, T. A. Myers, T. A. Myers, Y. Qin, S. A. Klein

“…Here, we provide a methodology for properly diagnosing the impact of changing obscuration on cloud feedbacks and adjustments and quantify these effects across climate models. Averaged globally and across global climate models, properly accounting for obscuration leads to weaker positive feedbacks from lower-level clouds and stronger positive feedbacks from upper-level clouds while simultaneously removing a mostly artificial anti-correlation between them. …”
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What Will the European Climate Look Like in the Future? A Climate Analog Analysis Accounting for Dependencies Between Variables by B. Bulut, M. Vrac, N. deNoblet‐Ducoudré

“…The agreement between climate models in the location and degree of similarity of the best analogs decreases as warming intensifies and/or as time approaches the end of the century. …”
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The surface tension and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation of sea spray aerosol particles by J. Kleinheins, N. Shardt, U. Lohmann, C. Marcolli

“…For a quaternary model system of SSA particles, it is shown that high content of hydrophobic organic material (i.e. strong surfactants) in Aitken mode particles does not necessarily prevent good CCN activation but rather facilitates effective activation via surface tension lowering. Since common climate models use parameterizations that are based on classical Köhler theory, these results suggest that the CCN activity of small SSA particles might be underestimated in climate models.…”
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Future Changes in Winter‐Time Extratropical Cyclones Over South Africa From CORDEX‐CORE Simulations by Sandeep Chinta, C. Adam Schlosser, Xiang Gao, Kevin Hodges

“…We utilized three regional climate models, each driven by three different global climate models that simulate both the current climate and a future climate experiencing strong human‐induced warming. …”
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Global surface eddy mixing ellipses: spatio-temporal variability and machine learning prediction by Tian Jing, Ru Chen, Chuanyu Liu, Chunhua Qiu, Chunhua Qiu, Cuicui Zhang, Mei Hong

“…Coarse-resolution climate models are sensitive to the specification of eddy diffusivity tensor. …”
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Design, evaluation, and future projections of the NARCliM2.0 CORDEX-CMIP6 Australasia regional climate ensemble by G. Di Virgilio, G. Di Virgilio, J. P. Evans, J. P. Evans, F. Ji, F. Ji, E. Tam, J. Kala, J. Andrys, C. Thomas, D. Choudhury, C. Rocha, S. White, Y. Li, M. El Rafei, R. Goyal, M. L. Riley, J. Lingala

“…<p>NARCliM2.0 (New South Wales and Australian Regional Climate Modelling) comprises two Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate models (RCMs) which downscale five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) global climate models contributing to the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) over Australasia at 20 km resolution and southeast Australia at 4 km convection-permitting resolution. …”
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Attributing heatwave-related mortality to climate change: a case study of the 2009 Victorian heatwave in Australia by Sarah E Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Linda Selvey, Philipp Aglas-Leitner, Nina Lansbury, Samuel Hundessa, Dáithí Stone, Kristie L Ebi, Nicholas John Osborne

“…Despite the small total number of attributable deaths as per the epidemiological model, six out of eight climate models predicted a statistically significant anthropogenic influence, indicating that climate change increased the heatwave-related mortality impact of this event. …”
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Western disturbances and climate variability: a review of recent developments by K. M. R. Hunt, K. M. R. Hunt, J.-P. Baudouin, A. G. Turner, A. G. Turner, A. P. Dimri, A. P. Dimri, G. Jeelani, Pooja, R. Chattopadhyay, R. Chattopadhyay, F. Cannon, T. Arulalan, T. Arulalan, M. S. Shekhar, T. P. Sabin, E. Palazzi

“…Improvements in paleoclimate and future climate modelling experiments have helped to explain how WDs and their impacts over the Himalaya respond to large-scale natural and anthropogenic forcings. …”
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