Long-Term Effects of Maternal Smoking on Quality of Life. Results from the Copenhagen Perinatal Birth Cohort 1959–61 by SØren Ventegodt, Joav Merrick

“…However, the underlying causal factor for this reduction in quality of life remains unclear. …”
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The effects of unified pooling arrangement on health inequity in China: a DID-RIF approach by Jing Wu, Yuqing Liu, Chuncheng Wang, Lianjie Liu, Jiaqian Lu

“…This paper adopts a mixed-methods approach to more comprehensively and precisely capture the causal effects of the policy. Ultimately, this paper aims to assess the impact of the UPA policy on health inequity. …”
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T-2 toxin triggers depression-like behaviors via upregulation of dopamine transporter in nucleus accumbens of male mice by Zhigang Chen, Shaoyi Duan, Jialu Li, Jianming Su, Hongyu Lei

“…Meanwhile, this study establishes a novel causal relation between the neurotoxicant T-2 toxin exposure and the etiology of depression-like behaviors, and provides reference for the prevention and treatment for mycotoxin-induced depression-like symptoms.…”
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The Comparison of Mind Wandering and Cognitive Distortions in Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with and Without Pornography by Sahar Nasrollahi Valojerdi, Abbas Abolghasemi, Reza Soltani Shal

“…The research design was descriptive comparative causal, and it was practical in terms of its purpose. …”
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Exploring the influences of education, intelligence and income on mental disorders by Fuquan Zhang, Ancha Baranova, Hongbao Cao

“…However, the direct effects of each factor on major mental disorders are unclear.Aims We aimed to evaluate the overall and independent causal effects of the three psychosocial factors on common mental disorders.Methods Using genome-wide association study summary datasets, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses to assess potential associations between the 3 factors (EA, N=766 345; household income, N=392 422; intelligence, N=146 808) and 13 common mental disorders, with sample sizes ranging from 9907 to 807 553. …”
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Associations between Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Metabolic Risk Factors beyond Obesity by Yusuke Wakabayashi, Rie Oka, Masako Nakaya, Shigehiro Karashima, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Masaru Sakurai, Kenichi Yoshimura, Takashi Yoneda

“…Further longitudinal study is needed to examine the temporal or causal relationships between SDB and metabolic risk factors. …”
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EFFECTS OF MODERATELY VIRULENT AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS ON INTERLEUKIN-10 PRODUCTION by A. S. Pershin, I. V. Shevchenko, A. S. Igolkin, Ye. V. Aronova, N. N. Vlasova

“…Further studies are needed to establish a causal relationship, including study of the expression of various cytokines during infection with both low- and highly virulent virus isolates.…”
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Association between exposure in the cement production industry and non-malignant respiratory effects: a systematic review by Anne Kristin Møller Fell, Karl Christian Nordby

“…There are few longitudinal data, but recent studies report a dose–response relationship between cement production dust exposure and declining lung function indicating a causal relationship, and underlining the need to reduce exposure among workers in this industry.…”
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DETECCIÓN DEL GENOMA DEL VIRUS DE LA HEPATITIS E (VHE) EN MUESTRAS DE HECES DE CERDOS EN PLANTAS DE BENEFICIO DE ANTIOQUIA, COLOMBIA by J. E. Forero, J. E. Parra, A. López

“…El Virus de la Hepatitis E (VHE) es uno de los agentes causales de enfermedad hepáticaaguda en humanos, aunque también puede inducir hepatitis crónica en pacientes in-munocomprometidos. …”
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Sense of Coherence and Physical Health. Testing Antonovsky's Theory by Trine Flensborg-Madsen, Søren Ventegodt, Joav Merrick

“…The purpose of this study was to create a new version of the original 29-item SOC scale in order to test his hypothesis of a causal link between SOC and physical health. This shorter version was built on the exact same idea, theory, and conceptualization used by Antonovsky, which resulted in a SOC scale containing only 9 abstract questions. …”
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The moderating effects of nurses’ characteristics on the perceptions and practices of family-centered care for chronically ill children and their families in Saudi Arabia by Nada Alqarawi, Eman Alhalal, Ibrahim Alasqah

“…Further research is needed to assess these impacts through longitudinal design and causal intervention studies to create a conceptual model of FCC for children with chronic illnesses.…”
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Emprendimientos industriales: Procesos de gestión y competitividad by Cesar Enrique Diaz-Purizaga, Irma Milagros Carhuancho-Mendoza, Rosana Alejandra Meleán-Romero

“…La metodología fue cuantitativa, de diseño no experimental, transversal y causal, se aplicaron encuestas a una muestra de 123 colaboradores de diez emprendimientos industriales. …”
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Potential biomarkers for predicting the risk of thyroid cancer in immunosenescence: a population-based and externally validated multi omics study by Qian Li, Yuanyuan Zhao, Jiawei Yan, Chao He

“…Finally, complementary results were obtained from an independent cohort analyzed at Chongqing Medical University Yongchuan Hospital and Bulk-RNA seq from GEO database.ResultsCausal analysis suggests that DNA methylation age acceleration as measured by the Hannum method increases the risk of thyroid cancer (OR: 1.126, 95% CI: 1.002-1.265, P=0.046). …”
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Kaempferol enhances ER-mitochondria coupling and protects motor neurons from mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in C9ORF72-ALS by Federica Pilotto, Paulien Hermine Smeele, Olivier Scheidegger, Rim Diab, Martina Schobesberger, Julieth Andrea Sierra-Delgado, Smita Saxena

“…Thus, kaempferol holds great promise for treating neurodegenerative diseases where both mitochondrial and ER dysfunction are causally linked to the pathophysiology. Graphical abstract…”
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Heart Rate Variability: A Psychophysiological Factor Related to Both Regular Physical Activity and Eudaimonic Well‐Being Among Young Adults by Yoshino Murakami, Daisuke Goto, Hayato Tsukamoto, Kazuho Yamaura, Takeshi Hashimoto

“…Additional intervention studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationships among PA, HRV, and EWB.…”
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The association of cigarette smoking with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy: based on cross-sectional survey and mendelian randomization by Bin Wang, Hui Li, Huafeng Ma, ZaiHong Chen

“…Subsequently, we implemented Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship between smoking and DR, as well as its specific categories, leveraging genome-wide association study data. …”
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Pretreatment Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison With Healthy Controls and Associations With Biopsychosocial Variables by Patricia Blickle, Martina E. Schmidt, Karen Steindorf

“…However, investigation of pretreatment fatigue is crucial to identify causal or risk factors other than cancer therapy and to enable timely fatigue management. …”
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Comparison of Brain-Behavioral Systems, Decision Making Styles and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Adults with and without ADHD by Asiyeh Vakia, Reza Soltani Shal, Abbas Abolghasemi

“…Method: The research design employed a causal-comparative approach. The population for this study consisted of students at the University of Guilan, from which a sample of 320 individuals was selected through convenience sampling. …”
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Unveiling unexpected adverse events: post-marketing safety surveillance of gilteritinib and midostaurin from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting database by Tingting Jiang, Yanping Li, Ni Zhang, Lanlan Gan, Hui Su, Guiyuan Xiang, Yuanlin Wu, Yao Liu

“…Due to the limitations of the spontaneous report database, such as including potential underreporting, overreporting, lack of causal relationship, unable to calculate incidence, and other confounding factors, more pharmacoepidemiology studies are needed to validate our findings.…”
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The effect of traditional agricultural practices on the food consumption of households facing extreme weather events in Tanzania by Tim Wegenast, Niklas Hänze, Roos Haer, Marcel Birulés

“…We rely on a matched differences-in-differences approach to account for selection bias and allow for causal inference. Results Our matching models consistently show that the planting of traditional crops (in particular sorghum) promotes dietary diversity and reduces the need for food rationing in households experiencing climate shocks. …”
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