MEASUREMENT OF VAGUE PREDICATES by Ludmila A. Katz

“…So-called forcing connection is a non-symmetric, transitive relation, which does not express any temporal or causal dependence between borderline cases; rather, it expresses a logical or semantic relation. …”
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Epithelial Tight Junctional Changes in Colorectal Cancer Tissues by Xuexuan Wang, Owen Tully, Benjamin Ngo, Marc Zitin, James M. Mullin

“…The focus of this article is simply on the association – however imperfect – between CRC and the major TJ transmembrane barrier proteins, namely claudins and occludin. Any causal relationship between TJ protein change and neoplasia remains conclusively unproven at present.…”
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The European Central Bank: From a Price Stability Paradigm to a Multidimensional Stability Paradigm by Lucia Quaglia, Amy Verdun

“…By relying on inter alia secondary literature, speeches, semi-structured elite interviews, and data we collected concerning the previous experience at national central banks of senior ECB staff, we identify a novel causal mechanism for ideational change at the Bank: the change in the composition of senior managerial staff from 1999 onward.…”
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Evidence for a general cognitive structure in pigeons (Columba livia) by Mary Flaim, Aaron P. Blaisdell

“…While some neurobiological correlates of g have been identified in humans, causal experiments are only feasible in animals. When mice and some avian species are assessed with cognitive test batteries, performance positively correlates, and the first component extracted has similar properties to g. …”
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A Reassessment of Well-Being in Vocational Preparation: A New Model Focusing on Psychological Resilience and Occupational Identification in Tourism Education by Mehmet Düzgün

“…This study, which was designed in accordance with the causal screening model, was conducted with 393 students studying tourism. …”
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Incorporating “Security” in Sustainable Development Goals (SDG): Insights from Food Security and Climate Change by Ayfer Genç YILMAZ YILMAZ, Gülşah SEDEFOĞLU

“… After drawing a theoretical framework based on a reciprocal approach for understanding the relationship between security and development, the paper suggests a causal diagram in which all Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) occur as an interdependent whole and security is embedded as “Goal 0” to symbolise the link from security to development or vice versa. …”
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Examining a new model of destination choice behavior: An empirical study from Vietnam by Trong Tien Bao BUI

“…Findings – The findings of the study confirm the causal relationship between the original TPB theory, pull-push motivation theory, overall image of the destination and destination choice behavior. …”
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School Administrators Ethical Leadership Behavior Effects On Physical Education Teachers Organizational Justice Level by Gökhan Acar, Metin Kaya, Mustafa Şahin

“…In the study where correlation method and causal comparative method were employed, the ethical leadership scale and organizational justice scale have been applied to three hundreds and nine physical education teachers, 228 being men and 81 being women. …”
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Analysing the Physical Quality of Reconstructed Residential Environment of Bam City by mahmod Ghadir, Soghra Shahrbabaki

“…For testing hypotheses used causal-comparative and correlation methods. Sample size calculated by Cochran's method (311 households). …”
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Did God Cause the World by an Act of Free Will, According to Aristotle? A Reading Based on Thomistic Insights by Carlos A. Casanova

“…In such passages, Aristotle holds that (1) God’s causal power must be exercised not in proportion to the magnitude of divine power, but to the requirements of the effect; (2) such a way of acting is similar to human power; (3) nature is subject to teleology because it is caused by an intellectual power; (4) God is the highest intelligible and the highest good, totally autarchic; and (5) just as the highest intelligible is simultaneously also intellect, so too is the highest good simultaneously also will.…”
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Safety behavior model based on safety competence, culture, and awareness by Saptana Tri Prasetiawan, Irdham Ahmad, Aswanti Setyawati, Munawaroh Zainal

“…The research uses a quantitative approach with survey methods and causal design. The sample was 250 crew members. The research instrument used was a questionnaire designed as a Likert scale with five options for responses. …”
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Lawson’s Psychological Critical Thinking Exam as an instrument to improve critical thinking by Marta-Natalia Torres-Domínguez, Itxaso Barberia, Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro

“…Critical thinking is vital in both science and daily life, being crucial for identifying anecdotal evidence, unfalsifiable hypotheses, biased data sampling, and unreliable causal connections. This study aimed to adapt Lawson’s revised version of the Psychological Critical Thinking Exam (PCTE) into Spanish, and to use it to assess improvement in Psychology students taking a module on reasoning. …”
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Tswana-speaking students’ perceptions of HIV/AIDS and poverty by Paul Schutte

“… This article addresses the perceptions of the causal relationship between poverty and HIV/AIDS among selected Tswana-speaking students by using the theoretical framework of one of the theories of symbolic interactionism, also known as the Fantasy Theme Analysis or Symbolic Convergence theory. …”
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FPIES: Reviewing the Management of Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome by Neha Khanna, Kirtika Patel

“…Management involves removing the causal food protein from diet. There is some concomitance in cow’s milk and soya induced FPIES. …”
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Analogy of Law as a Form of Judicial Precedent by Yu. G. Izotov

“…The author comes to the conclusion that the judicial norm is causal, special and retroactive, and it can take any place, with the exception of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which can only be changed through the direct will of the people (chapters 1, 2, 9). …”
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Emergency in pediatric and adolescent psychiatry. Note taking for the primary health assistance. by Zenaida María Sáez

“…It is important to address that there is no direct relationship between the causal factor and the onset of the symptoms. This largely depends on variables such as temperament, levels of development, nature and duration of the stress, past experience and family capacity/ability of the family to get adapted to new situations.…”
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Laboratory Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis: From Diagnosis to Prediction of Outcome by Richard C. Barton

“…Diagnosing IA has long been problematic owing to the inability to culture the main causal agent A. fumigatus from blood. Microscopic examination and culture of respiratory tract specimens have lacked sensitivity, and biopsy tissue for histopathological examination is rarely obtainable. …”
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Labour productivity, its main indicators, forms of manifestation, and ways to improve by I. D. Matskulyak

“…Its main sources are considered using the methods of scientific abstraction, comparison, logical, historical, causal, dialectical methods. Among the scientific results is the conclusion about the essence of the economic law of increasing productivity of social labour, about some properties of the forms of its manifestation, number of directions for accelerating the increase and continuity of the labour process. …”
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TRADE POLICY AND PERFORMANCE OF EXPORT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES by Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun, Maiga, Issaka Hamadi

“…The objectives are to (a) identify the major determinants of manufacture exports; and (b) determine the causal relationship existing between manufacture exports and trade policy - Openness, exchange rate, average tariff rates and capacity utilization. …”
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The influence of credits and stigmas in volunteering on depression, the modulating effects of volunteer personality and motivation by Juntao Chen, Yifan Zhang, Suhua Zhou, Chenlu Yang, Lianghua Li, Lu Ma, Shuzhen Zhu

“…Although the large sample size strengthens the study, the cross-sectional design limits causal inference. Overall, the study underscores the importance of understanding personality traits and motivations in developing effective volunteer support measures, thereby enhancing service quality and community well-being.…”
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