Dual role of Cathepsin S in cutaneous melanoma: insights from mendelian randomization and bioinformatics analysis by Linsa Zhou, Qiang Zhou, Qian Guo, Peng Lai, Chen Rui, Wanqing Li, Xuemei Chen, Yue Zhuo, Xiaoping Zhong, Sen Lin

“…Here, we investigated the causal relationship between CM and genes related to sun-damaged skin, exploring specific target genes through various bioinformatics analyses. …”
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REZAGO Y ABANDONO EDUCATIVO EN COLOMBIA: UN CAMBIO EN LA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA LA EQUIDAD EDUCATIVA by Angela María Rojas Ladino

“…From this context a review and proposal of the Colombian public policy is made around the educational problems around school disengagement, with the aim of proposing, from an institutional perspective, an intervention hypothesis that addresses the causal root of the school factors of dropout and academic lag. …”
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Associations between lipid-lowering drugs and urate and gout outcomes: a Mendelian randomization study by Min Liu, Na Yin, Yuhang Zhu, Aili Du, Chunyuan Cai, Pengyuan Leng

“…Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of these results, with no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy found.ConclusionThis study furnishes novel causal evidence supporting the potential genetic correlation between the use of lipid-lowering drugs and the incidence of gout as well as urate levels. …”
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Reducing personal protective equipment waste in the emergency department of a large regional hospital: codesign informed by system science by Mike Forrester, Rebecca Patrick, Steven Allender, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Urvi Thanekar, Hasini Gunasiri, Minoo Naebe, Maryam Naebe

“…Background This study aimed to bring together health workers from an emergency department (ED) and broader health system changemakers to cocreate a system-oriented understanding of the drivers of single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) waste, and recommend priority actions for government policy, and organisational change, to reduce PPE waste and transition towards a circular economy approach.Methods Participatory group model building was used with ED and PPE health service stakeholders to create a causal loop diagram of drivers of PPE waste and use this diagram to codesign actions to address this waste. …”
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Peran Gratitude Sebagai Mediator Antara Perceived Teacher’s Social Support dan Purpose in Life Pada Remaja by Nurul Aisah, Livia Yuliawati

“…Data analysis was conducted using JASP 0.14.1 and hypothesis testing through mediation analysis with a causal steps model. The results of the mediation analysis showed that perceived teachers' social support has a significant influence on purpose in life through gratitude as a mediator variable, but the resulting mediation effect is partial. …”
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Genetic Associations Between Specific Sleep-Related Phenotypes and Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis by Li M, He J, Liang Y, Zou F, Gou C, Lv J, Zhang X, Li D, Yu Z

“…There were no evidence indicating a potential causal effect of insomnia, sleep duration, sleep disorders, sleep apnoea, and on the risk of ISSHNL. …”
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Poverty Dynamics and the Fundamental Root Causes in Iran by Zahra Azari, Parviz Mohamadzadeh, Davoud Behboudi

“…According to the aggregated model and the self-reinforcing causal relationship, to break the causal relationships, planned policies in the form of main and sub-themes are suggested as follows: Ensuring property rights for a large part of society, so that different people are motivated to invest and participate. …”
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Methods for Analyzing Multivariate Phenotypes in Genetic Association Studies by Qiong Yang, Yuanjia Wang

“…., some are continuous and others are categorical). We also reviewed causal inference methods designed to test whether the detected association with the multivariate phenotype is truly pleiotropy or the genetic marker exerts its effects on some phenotypes through affecting the others.…”
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Citrus Diseases Exotic to Florida: Citrus Leprosis by Ozgur Batuman, Amit Levy, Ajia Paolillo, Kuang-Ren Chung, Ron Brlansky

“… This article is one in a series designed to provide important information on the causal agent, symptoms, and transmission of exotic citrus diseases. …”
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Unmasking Currents: Thinking Power and War with Foucault and the Black Panthers by Jason Demers

“…Rather than pursuing claims about causal-chronological influence, the article teases out undercurrents—Nietzsche, Mao, Clausewitz, and revolutionary activist projects—that act as sites of confluence with respect to power and war. …”
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Research on structure and defense of adversarial example in deep learning by Guanghan DUAN, Chunguang MA, Lei SONG, Peng WU

“…With the further promotion of deep learning technology in the fields of computer vision,network security and natural language processing,which has gradually exposed certain security risks.Existing deep learning algorithms can not effectively describe the essential characteristics of data or its inherent causal relationship.When the algorithm faces malicious input,it often fails to give correct judgment results.Based on the current security threats of deep learning,the adversarial example problem and its characteristics in deep learning applications were introduced,hypotheses on the existence of adversarial examples were summarized,classic adversarial example construction methods were reviewed and recent research status in different scenarios were summarized,several defense techniques in different processes were compared,and finally the development trend of adversarial example research were forecasted.…”
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Advanced Asymptomatic Carotid Disease and Cognitive Impairment: An Understated Link? by Irena Martinić-Popović, Arijana Lovrenčić-Huzjan, Vida Demarin

“…In this paper, we discuss results of some most important studies that investigated cognitive status of patients with asymptomatic advanced carotid disease and possible mechanisms involved in the causal relationship between asymptomatic advanced carotid disease and cognitive decline.…”
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Gravitational Collapse and Singularity Removal in Rastall Theory by Ehsan Dorrani

“…We also find that, in comparison to the singular case where the apparent horizon forms to cover the singularity, the formation of apparent horizon can be delayed allowing thus the bounce to be causally connected to the external universe. The nonsingular solutions we obtain satisfy the weak energy condition (WEC) which is crucial for physical validity of the model.…”
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TCA Cycle Defects and Cancer: When Metabolism Tunes Redox State by Simone Cardaci, Maria Rosa Ciriolo

“…In the last ten years, a causal role in carcinogenesis has been documented for inherited and acquired alterations in three TCA cycle enzymes, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), fumarate hydratase (FH), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), pointing towards metabolic alterations as the underlying hallmark of cancer. …”
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Perineuronal nets in motor circuitry regulate the performance of learned vocalizations in songbirds by Xinghaoyun Wan, Angela S. Wang, Daria-Salina Storch, Vivian Y. Li, Jon T. Sakata

“…Collectively, our data reveal a causal contribution of PNNs to the performance of learned behaviors and, given the parallels in the regulation of birdsong and speech, suggest that PNNs in motor circuitry could modulate speech performance.…”
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Maternidad prodesarrollo: un dispositivo para combatir el hambre en Colombia (1960-1970) by Maribel Florián Buitrago

“…Dicho objetivo pretende ser estudiado en el marco de las problematizaciones que se construyeron con el discurso del desarrollo en la Colombia de la década de 1960. La relación causal entre crecimiento poblacional y pobreza que se entabló con el discurso desarrollista, formuló cambios importantes en la construcción del sujeto madre. …”
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Sporadic E responds to the 2022 Tonga volcano eruptions recorded by the Meridian Project by YangYi Sun, Tao Yu, Jin Wang, Chi Long

“…The occurred intermittently after 13:00 UT following the arrival of the tropospheric Lamb wave. To examine the causal mechanism for the intermittence, we also included data of horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region recorded by the meteor radars at Wuhan and Mohe in this study. …”
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The influence of authority delegation of property assets managementon time management by Yana Nurahmad Haerudin, Mokhamad Anwar, Supiansyah Supiansyah

“…The data analysis used in this quantitative research approach is descriptive and causal. Meanwhile, it examines both primary and secondary data as well Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM software. …”
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Irritable Bowel and Bacterial Overgrowth Syndromes: a Bacterial Link Hypothesis of Functional Disease by K. V. Ivashkin, V. R. Grechishnikova, M. S. Reshetova, V. T. Ivashkin

“…A limited diagnosability of SIBO obscures the SIBO-IBS causal interplay. Impaired motility in IBS may predispose to the SIBO development. …”
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The Quantization of a Kerr-AdS Black Hole by Claus Gerhardt

“…The event horizon corresponds in the quantum model to a Cauchy hypersurface that can be crossed by causal curves in both directions such that the information paradox does not occur. …”
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