Differences in spatiotemporal dynamics for processing specific semantic categories: An EEG study by Trang Thi Le, Do Anh Quan Luong, Hyosung Joo, Dongseok Kim, Jihwan Woo

“…Effective connectivity, determined through a causality analysis of brain regions activated for semantic processing, is explored. …”
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Differentiation of Documented and Justification of Judicial Opinions by Mohammad Reza kaykha, shaghayegh amerian

“…Therefore, it can be said that created causation, inherent authenticity, objective process, credibility in judicial matters and the judge's responsibility to discover the facts are considered to be documentary features, and in contrast to demonstrative causality, fake authenticity, mental process, credibility in subjective matters. …”
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THE NEXUS OF EXTERNAL DEBT, PRIVATE INVESTMENT AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED SACU COUNTRIES by Brian Muyambiri, John-Baptiste Mabejane

“… This paper examines the dynamic causal relationship between financial development, external debt and investment in Lesotho, Namibia and Eswatini from 1980–2020 using a multivariate Granger–causality model. …”
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EMOTIONS AND REASONING IN MORAL DECISION MAKING by V. V. Nadurak

“…There are three main types of such interaction: first, the reasoning serves to rationalize prior emotional response; second, there are cases when reasoning precedes emotional reactions and determines it; third, interaction between these factors is characterized by cyclic causality (emotion impacts reasoning, which in turn impacts emotions). …”
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Effect of Public Health Care Expenditure on Malaria Incidence in Uganda. by Mugabe, Andrew

“…Using an ARDL model to address accidental correlations and reverse causality, the analysis examined the relationship between Uganda's healthcare expenditure and malaria incidence over a 20-year period. …”
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Modeling the Oil Price Influences Upon the Energy Sector in the Macroeconomic Context. Empirical Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries by Dumiter Florin Cornel, Nicoară Ștefania Amalia, Nicoară Samuel, Bențe Cristian, Păiușan Luminița

“…The econometric techniques used in this study reveal the importance of the causality relationship between oil price movements and the energy sector taking into account the macroeconomic context. …”
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A CEEMDAN-Based Entropy Approach Measuring Multiscale Information Flow between Macroeconomic Conditions and Stock Returns of BRICS by Emmanuel Asafo-Adjei, Anokye Mohammed Adam, Peterson Owusu Junior, Patrick Kwashie Akorsu, Clement Lamboi Arthur

“…We also observe that global economic policy uncertainty has the most significant adverse causal relationship with stock returns of BRICS, especially in the long term. …”
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Corporate financial strategies and performance: Insights from China’s Shanghai Stock Exchange by Ronald Ebenezer Essel

“…Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with a quasi-experimental design grounded in pragmatism, the inquiry employed two-step System-GMM technique to address endogeneity, simultaneity, heteroscedasticity, reverse causality and Nickell bias. Fixed effects-(FE) and random effects-(RE) models were applied to handle unobserved heterogeneity, omitted variable bias and guarantee robustness. …”

The Link between Hypersensitivity Syndrome Reaction Development and Human Herpes Virus-6 Reactivation by Joshua C. Pritchett, Radu M. Nanau, Manuela G. Neuman

“…This analysis of HHV-6 reactivation associated with drug-induced severe cutaneous reactions and hepatotoxicity will aid in causality assessment and clinical diagnosis of possible life-threatening events and will provide a basis for further patient characterization and therapy.…”
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Relationship between major depressive disorder and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a two-sample mendelian randomization study analysis by Wenjing Song, Xinlei Hou, Minmin Wu, Luwen Zhu

“…Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) frequently occur together; yet their causal relationship remains unclear. To investigate the potential genetic causal link between these conditions, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. …”
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Altered Effective Connectivity of the Primary Motor Cortex in Transient Ischemic Attack by Zeqi Hao, Yulin Song, Yuyu Shi, Hongyu Xi, Hongqiang Zhang, Mengqi Zhao, Jiahao Yu, Lina Huang, Huayun Li

“…To investigate motor-related effective connectivity differences between individuals with TIA and HCs, the bilateral primary motor cortex (M1) was used as the regions of interest (ROIs) to perform a whole-brain Granger causality analysis (GCA). Furthermore, partial correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between GCA values and the clinical characteristics of individuals with TIA. …”
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The interactive effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations on service recovery performance: the mediating role of self-efficacy by Yanni Zhu, Yixuan Wang, Baoyi Song, Qiaoyan Feng, Huiying Lin, Juan Tang

“…Future research could explore other moderators and mediators, different industries, and use longitudinal or experimental designs to establish causality.…”
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HOUSEHOLD DEBT AND INTEREST RATES: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH AFRICA by Kgomotso Molefe, Ashley Mutezo

“…The results of the study indicate both a long-run relationship and short-run causality between household debt and interest rates in South Africa. …”
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Financial Crisis Early Warning Based on Panel Data and Dynamic Dual Choice Model by Qingyu Du

“…Based on the research of currency crisis pressure index, bank crisis pressure index, and asset bubble crisis pressure index, this paper introduces an external shock pressure index reflecting the impact of global economic changes on economy and synthesizes systemic financial crisis pressure based on the above four pressure indexes; then, all the alternative early warning indicators and the systemic risk pressure index constructed in this paper were tested for Granger causality. We build financial systemic risk pressure indexes, including currency crisis pressure (CCP) banking crisis pressure (BCP) index, bubble crisis pressure (PBP) index, and external shock pressure (ESP) index to predict financial crises. …”
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Hyperglycaemia after dolutegravir-based antiretroviral treatment in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A case series by Keerthana Sagadevan, Pilla S. Surya Durga Devi, Katikatala Swaroopa, P. Sathish Sreenivas, R. Srinivasa Rao

“…This was categorised as per the World Health Organization (WHO) Causality Assessment Scale as “possible” category. …”
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Modulation of Conflict Processing by Theta-Range tACS over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex by Albert Lehr, Niklas Henneberg, Tarana Nigam, Walter Paulus, Andrea Antal

“…Theta tACS can both reduce the Stroop effect and modulate adaptive mechanisms of the cognitive control network, suggesting midfrontal theta oscillations as causally involved in cognitive control.…”
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Interpretable Detection of Malicious Behavior in Windows Portable Executables Using Multi-Head 2D Transformers by Sohail Khan, Mohammad Nauman

“…We report our findings and show how causality can be established between malicious code and actual classification by a deep learning model, thus opening up this black-box problem for deeper analysis.…”
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Severe, but not moderate asthmatics share blood transcriptomic changes with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. by Sandor Haas-Neill, Anna Dvorkin-Gheva, Paul Forsythe

“…Although there are several hypotheses regarding the relationship between asthma and mental health, there is little understanding of underlying mechanisms and causality. In the current study we utilized publicly available datasets of human blood mRNA collected from patients with severe and moderate asthma, MDD, and PTSD. …”
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Toward sustainable tourism: Insights from green financing and renewable energy by Shang Chen, Ch Paramaiah, Pranav Kumar, Sania Khan, Qingtao Haomu

“…Furthermore, the panel causality analysis confirms strong bidirectional causal linkages among the studied variables. …”
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Surveillance experiences of extinction rebellion activists and police: Unpacking the technologization of Dutch protest policing by Majsa Storbeck, Gabriele Jacobs, Marc Schuilenburg, Robin van den Akker

“…This cycle, despite lacking clear causality, bears important implications for society at large. …”
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