Impacto del uso de energía y formación bruta de capital en el crecimiento económico. Un análisis de datos de panel en 73 países agrupados por nivel de ingreso y producción de petró... by Héctor F. Salazar-Núñez, Francisco Venegas-Martínez

“…Se destaca que en todos los grupos, a corto plazo, no existe relación causal entre el UEN y la FBC. Sorprendentemente, las economías con ingreso alto y medio-bajo presentan resultados similares. …”
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A reproducible framework for monitoring the impact of randomized clinical trials on clinical practice using large-scale real-world data: application to gynaecological surgical tria... by Floriane Jochum, Madeleine Doll, Anne-Sophie Hamy, Lou Donval, Paul Gougis, Élise Dumas, Lise Lecointre, Thomas Gaillard, Fabien Reyal, Fabrice Lecuru, Cherif Akladios, Enora Laas

“…Bayesian structural time series analysis assessed the causal effects of the LACC and LION trials on the discontinuation of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and lymphadenectomy, respectively. …”
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Path model explaining the association between fear of falling and health-related quality of life in (pre-)frail older adults by Tjard Sattler, Sophie Gottschalk, Hans-Helmut König, Tobias Braun, Gisela Büchele, Michael Denkinger, Tim Fleiner, Corinna Nerz, Kilian Rapp, Martina Schäufele, Christian Werner, Judith Dams

“…Hence, research on the association of FoF and HrQol should acknowledge the complexity of causal pathways that may explain this association and not neglect minor pathways. …”
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Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index by Baihao Lin, Wanlu Liu, Hank-Han Wang, Haixia Qian, Xinyu Zhu, Mengya Xu, Yuyu Zheng, Nada Alhazmi, Yansen Bai

“…The interaction effects between vitamin D and PAHs were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Causal mediation analyses and structural equation modeling were employed to investigate the mediating roles of metabolic indicators. …”
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IQUB mutation induces radial spoke 1 deficiency causing asthenozoospermia with normal sperm morphology in humans and mice by Tingwenyi Hu, Xiangrong Tang, Tiechao Ruan, Shunhua Long, Guicen Liu, Jing Ma, Xueqi Li, Ruoxuan Zhang, Guoning Huang, Ying Shen, Tingting Lin

“…Conclusions We demonstrate that IQUB may serve as an adapter for sperm flagellar RS1 in both humans and mice and consolidated the causal relationship between IQUB genetic mutations and ANM, further enriching the genetic spectrum of male infertility.…”
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Correlations between primary tumour location, biomarkers of inflammation and lung injury, and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients underwent laparoscopic colorectomy:... by Hui-xian Li, Li Che, Yuan Li, Tai-hang Wang, Fang-di Min, Lei Xu, Meng Wang, Zhao-xu Zheng, Shi-ning Qu, Fei Wang, Wei Tang, Shi-jing Wei, Yu-lin Sun, Hui Zheng, Tao Yan

“…Propensity score-weighted Cox regression and causal mediation analysis further demonstrated that the DAC site directly affected the incidence of PPCs, regardless of the other baseline confounders and clinical covariates related to the tumour site and PPCs.ConclusionThe primary site of CRC is an independent predictor of the development of PPCs. …”
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Supervised Injecting Room Cohort Study (SIRX): study protocol by Lisa Maher, Thomas Kerr, Matthew Hickman, Alexander Thompson, Peter Higgs, Paul Dietze, Paul A Agius, Nick Scott, Daniel O’Keefe, Mark A Stoové, Jack Stone, Dylan Vella-Horne, Ashleigh C Stewart, Amanda Roxburgh, Sione Crawford, Josephine Norman, Zachary Lloyd, Nico Clark

“…Primary outcomes are aligned to the legislated aims of the Melbourne MSIR, including ambulance-attended non-fatal overdoses and all-cause and drug-related mortality. Using causal inference methods, analyses will estimate the effect of MSIR exposure (frequent use/infrequent use/no use) on these primary outcomes. …”
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Social learning activities to improve community engagement in waste management program by S. Sunarti, R.S.Y. Zebua, J.H. Tjakraatmadja, A. Ghazali, B. Rahardyan, K. Koeswinarno, S. Suradi, N. Nurhayu, R.H.A. Ansyah

“…This study aimed to measure the effect of social learning on improving individual waste management behavior and how social learning influence it.METHODS: Using SmartPLS 3.2.9, this study measured the causal relationship of social learning activities to individual affective and behavioral factors. …”
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Target trial emulation to evaluate the effect of immune-related adverse events on outcomes in metastatic urothelial cancer by Renate Pichler, Josef Fritz, Sarah Maier, Melanie R. Hassler, Johanna Krauter, David D`Andrea, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Kilian Gust, Keiichiro Mori, Karl H. Tully, Dora Niedersuess-Beke, Lea Korber, Jasmin Alija Spiegelberg, Thomas Bauernhofer, José D. Subiela, Roman Mayr, Andreas Kronbichler, Marco Moschini, Jeremy Teoh, Benjamin Pradere, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Hanno Ulmer, Laura S. Mertens, European Association of Urology–Young Academic Urologists (EAU-YAU): Urothelial Carcinoma Working Group

“…However, these associations are likely affected by immortal time bias and do not represent causal effects. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of irAEs on outcomes while correcting for immortal time bias, using target trial emulation (TTE). …”
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Dose-response associations of device-measured sleep regularity and duration with incident dementia in 82391 UK adults by Wenxin Bian, Raaj K. Biswas, Matthew N. Ahmadi, Yu Sun Bin, Svetlana Postnova, Andrew J. K. Phillips, Nicholas A. Koemel, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Peter A. Cistulli, Emmanuel Stamatakis

“…Conclusions Assuming that the associations we observed are causal, maintaining a regular sleep pattern may help offset the deleterious association of inadequate sleep duration with dementia. …”
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HESS Opinions: Towards a common vision for the future of hydrological observatories by P. Nasta, G. Blöschl, G. Blöschl, H. R. Bogena, S. Zacharias, R. Baatz, G. De Lannoy, K. H. Jensen, S. Manfreda, L. Pfister, L. Pfister, A. M. Tarquis, I. van Meerveld, M. Voltz, Y. Zeng, W. Kustas, X. Li, H. Vereecken, N. Romano

“…The already existing monitoring infrastructures have provided an enormous amount of hydrometeorological data, facilitating detailed insights into the causal mechanisms of hydrological processes, the testing of scientific theories and hypotheses, and the revelation of the physical laws governing catchment behavior. …”
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Predictive factors' modeling of entrepreneurial opportunities in international companies by Ali Farahani, Younos Vakil Alroaia, Farideh Haghshenaskashani, Ali Faez

“…In the second stage; core coding based on research findings, the concept of entrepreneurial opportunities was chosen as the core phenomenon. Causal conditions were placed in the form of seven categories: unexpected events, changes based on industry and market structure, shortage based on methods, contradictory situation, change based on values and knowledge, new knowledge, and demographic characteristics; and the four main categories were selected include organizational strategies, market related strategies, business strategies, and effective performance management. …”
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Modeling the quality of tax audit based on the acceptance of legal taxpayers in business by Mohsen Hajibabaei, Sina Kheradyar, Mojtaba Malekichoobari

“…The findings of the research showed that the causal factors affecting the improvement of the tax audit quality model have a positive and significant effect on the central phenomenon categories affecting the improvement of the tax audit quality model. …”
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Presentation of knowledge sharing model in Bank Maskan Iran by Maryam Firoozi, ahmad vedadi, alireza Amirkabiri

“…The results in the qualitative part showed that 6 structures include: causal conditions (with 3 dimensions of universality and inevitability, the need to change the attitude towards branding, urban brand identity), contextual conditions (with 3 dimensions of brand structural coherence, urban branding, strategic location of city), intervening conditions (with 3 dimensions of tourist behavior pattern, investment/financing, environmental factors), dimensions of the phenomenon (with 3 dimensions of creating a platform for smart tourism, attention to stakeholders, integrated urban brand management), strategies (with 3 dimensions of urban advertising system improvement, smart urban branding design, urban brand culture), and consequences (with 3 dimensions of social capital development, development of quality of life, competitive power of urban brand). …”
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Investigating the impact of variety of e-retail delivery service options on customer retention by Soheila Zarinjoy alvar, shahin raz, Ali Tavakolifar

“…The current research is applicable in terms of purpose, a survey research in terms of the method of data collection, cross-sectional in terms of time, and causal-descriptive in terms of nature and method. …”
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Designing the behavioral model of managers in the digital age with the foundation's data approach by Farahangiz Abdollahzadeh Namini, Rouhollah Samiei, Alireza Mazidi

“…The findings indicate that causal conditions include human factors, environmental factors, and organizational factors; the main phenomenon of managers' behavior include communications and interactions, trust, decision-making in uncertainty, personality traits, and digital behavior; background conditions include digital knowledge and understanding, digital education and culture, management of experience and digital talent and skills, future-oriented and digital strategic thinking, change management, and digital leadership ability; intervening conditions include digital mentality and attitude, manager's intelligence, manager's values, and the innovation and nature of business and industry; strategies and mechanisms include innovation and learning strategy, retention strategy, digital combination and focus, digital participation strategy, and digital leadership and governance strategy; and consequences includes consequences of individual dimensions and organizational dimensions. …”
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Providing an entrepreneurial marketing model based on teamwork with an emphasis on start-up companies by Parastoo Bafghi, Mahmoud Ahmadi Sharif, Sina Nematizadeh

“…The results of the research showed that causal conditions with 4 variables of network capability, use of artificial intelligence, marketing capability, and customer knowledge have an effect on digital marketing strategies, and the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indices of the model were confirmed.Research methodologyThe research method is applicable according to its purpose, and qualitative in terms of its implementation. …”
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Designing the strategic model of online banking relational marketing in the fourth industrial revolution with the foundation's data approach. by Aliasghar Atarodi, arezo ahmadi danyali, nader gharib nawaz

“…The findings showed that emerging behaviors and new developments in relational marketing are key causal conditions, while the development of relational marketing components, customer behavior changing, and the fourth industrial revolution were identified as ground conditions. …”
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Designing a general employee management model with an emphasis on performance management by Maryam Nasiri, Ameneh Firozabadi, Sanjar Slajagheh, Mahdi Mohamad Bagheri

“…The findings of the qualitative section showed that the main and core categories in the form of six dimensions of causal conditions, central phenomenon, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences were upgraded to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. …”
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Deep analysis of the major histocompatibility complex genetic associations using covariate analysis and haploblocks unravels new mechanisms for the molecular etiology of Elite Cont... by Myriam Rahmouni, Sigrid Le Clerc, Jean-Louis Spadoni, Taoufik Labib, Maxime Tison, Raissa Medina-Santos, Armand Bensussan, Ryad Tamouza, Jean-François Deleuze, Jean-François Zagury

“…More broadly, our findings suggest that within any HLA class I and II association in diseases, there may exist distinct causal SNPs within this crucial, gene-rich, and LD-rich MHC region.…”
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