Investigating the role of cathepsins in breast cancer progression: a Mendelian randomization study by Shengyi Zhou, Shengyi Zhou, Shengyi Zhou, Yizhou Sun, Yizhou Sun, Wenzhang Zha, Wenzhang Zha, Guangjun Zhou, Guangjun Zhou

“…Within the human lysosomal system, a class of enzymes known as cathepsins exhibit elevated expression levels in various malignant tumors, suggesting that they may play key roles in cancer progression.MethodsThis study employed the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the potential causal relationship between cathepsin levels and the risk of developing breast cancer. …”
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Kefir Prevents Adipose Tissue Growth Through the Induction of Apoptotic Elements in High-Fructose Corn Syrup-Fed Rats by Esra Aslan, Gokhan Sadi, Hilal Guzel, Cigdem Karaca, Omer Adil Korkmaz, Mine Kanat Pektas, Mehmet Celegen, Tugce Aladag, Seyma Oncu, Mehmet Bilgehan Pektas

“…Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the diet is a causal factor in the development of abdominal obesity; however, the molecular mechanism behind this association is still up for debate. …”
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Correlações fenotípicas e análise de trilha em caracteres morfoagronômicos de mamoeiro by Clemilton Alves da Silva, Edilson Romais Schmildt, Omar Schmildt, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Laercio Francisco Cattaneo, Jeferson Pereira Ferreira, Adriel Lima Nascimento

“…Inicialmente, realizou-se a análise de trilha considerando um único diagrama causal, a variável principal em função de dois componentes primários. …”
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Advances in Molecular Genetics of Reproductive Isolation in Rice by Shunmei LI, Zihan ZHENG, Ruiying LIU, Hongze GUO, Lin ZHENG, Yongyao XIE

“…The scientists have made great progress in cloning the causal genes and expounding the molecular genetic basis of RI in rice, which not only deepen our theoretical understanding of the rice evolutionary biology, but also greatly promote the development of distant hybrid rice breeding. …”
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Ecological niche and phenotypic differences among two alpine Rhododendron species and their natural hybrids in a common landscape by Yanghui Zhao, Ying Zhang, Liang Xu, Yadan Yan, Chuncheng Wang, Yafeng Wen, Donglin Zhang

“…The observed ecological niche and phenotypic differences observed likely resulted either causal effects or indirect consequences of ecologically mediated changes. …”
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Dynamic rationing using agent-based modeling of the assembly process of equipment for nuclear power plants by I. A. Loskutov, D. A. Skvortsova, V. G. Iskandarova

“…The agreements state a slight deviation from the data model of the developed agent-based model of a practical experiment carried out as part of the implementation of the contract for the creation of equipment for a new power unit, a causal analysis is carried out. Also, in the applications, exceptional values of some performance indicators are analyzed and attention is focused on the unjustification of classical average approaches in the analysis of overall performance, using several examples. …”
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The Impact of Atorvastatin on Intraprostatic Biomarkers – Prognostic Value of 3LS-score – Follow-up of ESTO1-Trial by Eemil Lehtonen, Maiju Vertanen, Heimo Syvälä, Teemu Tolonen, Seppo Auriola, Teuvo Tammela, Aino Siltari, Teemu Murtola

“…Statins have been associated with survival benefits in advanced Pca, potentially by modulating cholesterol metabolism and tumor biology. However, the causal mechanisms are not well understood. A distinct three-lipid signature (3LS) has previously been proposed as a prognostic biomarker for PCa. …”
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Opening a career door!: The role of ChatGPT adoption in digital entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and exploitation by Cong Doanh Duong, Thi Thanh Hoa Phan, Bich Ngoc Nguyen, Thanh Van Pham, Ngoc Diep Do, Anh Trong Vu

“…While this study offers valuable contributions, its reliance on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design may limit causal inferences and generalizability. Future research should consider longitudinal designs and diverse samples, such as established entrepreneurs or non-Asian populations, to explore ChatGPT adoption in broader contexts.…”
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Relevance of plant growth-promoting bacteria in reducing the severity of tomato wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by altering metabolites and related genes by Waquar Akhter Ansari, Ram Krishna, Sarvesh Pratap Kashyap, Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi, Mohammad Abul Farah, Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal, Akhilesh Yadav, Mohammad Tarique Zeyad, Jay Prakash Verma

“…Among the biotic stresses, wilt disease severely affects tomato quality and productivity globally. The causal organism of this disease is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which is very well known and has a significant impact on the productivity of other crops as well. …”
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In silico design of an epitope-based vaccine ensemble for fasliolopsiasis by Ruchishree Konhar, Ruchishree Konhar, Kanhu Charan Das, Kanhu Charan Das, Aiboklang Nongrum, Rohan Raj Samal, Shailesh Kumar Sarangi, Devendra Kumar Biswal, Devendra Kumar Biswal

“…It predominates in school-age children, and significant worm burdens are not uncommon. The causal organism is Fasciolopsis buski, a giant intestinal fluke that infects humans and causes diarrhoea, fever, ascites, and intestinal blockage. …”
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High-risk adverse events in two types of single inhaler triple-therapy: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database by Zhishen Ruan, Chunbin Wang, Shasha Yuan, Yiling Fan, Bo Xu, Xiaodong Cong, Dan Li, Qing Miao

“…Notably, this study found an association between the above PTs and drugs, and the causal relationship needs to be verified by further longitudinal studies.ConclusionOur study provides a preliminary exploration of the safety of clinical use of BUD/GLY/FOR and FF/UMEC/VI, and clinicians should be alert to potential adverse effects.…”
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Exploring the dynamics of human resources apology in organizational communication by A. Rajabipoor Meybodi, M. Sabokro, A. Solhjoo, E. Hosseini, F. Forghani Elahabadi

“…Then, in the axial coding stage, the link between these categories was determined under the following headings causal conditions, core category, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of human resources apology in the form of an axial coding paradigm. …”
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Evaluation of variation in special educational needs provision and its impact on health and education using administrative records for England: umbrella protocol for a mixed-method... by Stuart Logan, Ruth Gilbert, Tamsin Ford, Johnny Downs, Jugnoo Rahi, Ania Zylbersztejn, Katie Harron, Kate Boddy, Bianca De Stavola, Vincent Nguyen, Isaac Winterburn, Kate Lewis, Lucy Karwatowska, Lorraine Dearden, Sarah Barnes, Jacob Matthews, Matthew Lilliman, Jennifer Saxton, Antony Stone, Kristine Black-Hawkins

“…WP3 assesses the impact of SEN provision on health and education outcomes for specific health phenotypes using a range of causal inference methods to account for confounding factors and possible selection bias. …”
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Anti-PL-7/PL-12 antisynthetase syndrome associated with interstitial lung disease following SARS-COV-2 infection and vaccination: A case study review by Laura García-Bravo, Ángela Villegas, Bárbara López Uceda, Anaís Mariscal, Cristina Vadillo, M Asunción Nieto Barbero, Juan Luis Rodríguez-Hermosa, Beatriz Mediero Valeros, José Carlos Plaza-Hernández, Miguel Fernández-Arquero, María Guzmán-Fulgencio, Gloria Candelas-Rodríguez, Silvia Sánchez-Ramón, Juliana Ochoa-Grullón

“…Further research is essential to elucidate the causal relationships and molecular mechanisms behind these observations.…”
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Resting fMRI-guided TMS evokes subgenual anterior cingulate response in depression by Romain J. Duprat, Kristin A. Linn, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Yvette I. Sheline, Ximo Liang, Gabriela Bagdon, Matthew W. Flounders, Heather Robinson, Michael Platt, Joseph Kable, Hannah Long, Morgan Scully, Joseph A. Deluisi, Michael Thase, Mario Cristancho, Julie Grier, Camille Blaine, Almaris Figueroa-González, Desmond J. Oathes

“…Conclusions: rsFC-based targeting is a viable strategy to causally modulate the sgACC. Assuming an anti-depressive mechanism working through modulation of the sgACC, the field's exclusive focus on sites anticorrelated with the sgACC for treating depression should be broadened to explore positively-connected sites.…”
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Effect of Prehospital Epinephrine on Outcomes of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Bayesian Network Approach by Joonghee Kim, Yu Jin Kim, Sangsoo Han, Han Joo Choi, Hyungjun Moon, Giwoon Kim

“…Using Bayesian network, a causal structure was estimated. The effect of epinephrine and SALS program was modelled based on the structure using extended Cox-regression and logistic regression, respectively. …”
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fNIRS neurofeedback facilitates emotion regulation: Exploring individual differences over the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex by Yiwei Li, Sijin Li, Hua Li, Yuyao Tang, Dandan Zhang

“…This study provides novel causal evidence that VLPFCNF training can effectively enhance emotion regulation, highlighting the importance of individual differences in training outcomes. …”
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Role of metabolic characteristics in the co-occurrence of insomnia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study by Chengyong Liu, Chi Wang, Jing Jiang, Yuyang Bo, Lixiu Nan, Ying Zhang, Kongxi Zhu, Xiaoqiu Wang, Xinxin Feng, Xiaoyang Lian, Shan Qin

“…ObjectiveThere reportedly exists a significant comorbidity between insomnia and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), indicative of a potential link to serum metabolic dysregulation.MethodTo elucidate shared pathophysiological mechanisms between insomnia and AD/PD, we performed comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, investigating 1,400 serum metabolic characteristics for their causal relationships with the risks of insomnia, AD, widely defined AD (WDAD), and PD. …”
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European Working Time Directive and doctors’ health: a systematic review of the available epidemiological evidence by Consol Serra, Evangelia Demou, Ewan B Macdonald, Sergio Vargas-Prada, Maria Cruz Rodriguez-Jareño, Kaveh A Sanati, Alenka Škerjanc, Pedro G Reis, Ritva Helimäki-Aro

“…While associations are clear, the existing evidence does not allow for an established causal or ‘dose–response’ relationship between LWH and incidents at work, or for a threshold number of extended hours above which there is a significantly higher risk and the hours physicians could work and remain safe and healthy. …”
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Genetic association analysis of lipid-lowering drug target genes in chronic kidney disease by Yi Zhang, Yi Zhang, Guangyang Ou, Lei Peng, Jian Pan, Shaohua Zhang, Jianguo Shi

“…Mediation analysis indicated that the reduction in CKD risk by ANGPTL3 inhibitors was mediated through modulation of the immune cell phenotype, specifically HLA-DR on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes (Mediated proportion: 4.69%; Mediated effect: -0.00899).ConclusionThrough drug-targeted MR analysis, we identified a causal relationship between lipid-lowering drug targets and CKD. …”
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