Insight in Hypoxia-Mimetic Agents as Potential Tools for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming in Regenerative Medicine by Agata Nowak-Stępniowska, Paulina Natalia Osuchowska, Henryk Fiedorowicz, Elżbieta Anna Trafny

“…These agents are not studied so wildly as hypoxia but, considering the low cost and ease of use, are believed to find application as pretreatment of many diseases such as ischemic heart disease and myocardial fibrosis and promote cardiac and cartilage regeneration. The knowledge of MSC priming is critical in evaluating safety procedures and use in clinics. …”
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Correction of Anophthalmic Enophthalmos with a Three-Staged Procedure: Two Case Reports by Tomohiro Minagawa, Ryuta Shioya, Takeshi Yamao, Chigusa Sato, Taku Maeda

“…Accordingly, a three-staged procedure was performed on the second patient, including autologous augmentation of the eye socket, correction of lower eyelid retraction with a cartilage graft, and a frontalis sling procedure to correct upper eyelid ptosis.…”
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Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels: The Old and New Functional Materials by Menghan Wang, Jianzhong Bai, Kan Shao, Wenwei Tang, Xueling Zhao, Donghai Lin, Shan Huang, Cheng Chen, Zheng Ding, Jiayi Ye

“…PVA-based hydrogels have been widely investigated in drug carriers, articular cartilage, wound dressings, tissue engineering, and other intelligent materials, such as self-healing and shape-memory materials, supercapacitors, sensors, and other fields. …”
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Mechanism of Inhibition of Inflammation in Osteoarthritis by Tougu Xiaotong Capsule via Regulating Ras-Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway by Munan LIN, Xiang SHAO, Limei XU, Xin ZHANG, Zaishi ZHU, Yidan HAN, Xinwei DUAN, Jianmei CHEN, song GAO, Xihai LI

“…Isolated chondrocytes of passage two were divided into blank group, model group(treatment with 10 ng/mL of LPS for 8 h), inhibitor group(treatment with 10 ng/mL of U0126 for 30 min followed by 10 ng/mL of LPS for additional 8 h)and TXC group(treatment with 10 ng/mL of LPS plus 300 μg/mL of TXC for 8 h).Western blot was carried out to detect the expression of Ras, Raf, p-ERK1/2, MEK1/2, MMP-3 and MMP-13.qPCR was used to detect the mRNAs expression of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, MMP-3 and MMP-13, as well as the expression of miR-27b, miR-34a and miR-146a.Results:1)The cytoplasm of isolated cells(P2)from the cartilage of knee joint of 4-week-old SD male rats was stained brown by typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical staining as compared with the negative control cells, which indicated that the extracted cells were chondrocytes.2)The expression of Ras, Raf, MEK1/2, MMP-3, MMP-13 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the blank group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), but the expression of p-ERK1/2 had no significant difference(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05);the expression of Ras, Raf, p-ERK1/2, MEK1/2, MMP-3, MMP-13 in both the inhibitor group and the TXC group was lower than that in the model group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), but the expression of MEK1/2 in the TXC group had no significant difference compared to that in the model group(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05).3)The mRNA expression of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the blank group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01);their expression in both the inhibitor group and the TXC group was lower than that in the model group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).4)The expression of miR-27b in the model group was significantly lower than that in the blank group(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), but its expre-ssion in both the inhibitor group and the TXC group was higher than that in the model group(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01);the expression of both miR-34a and miR-146a in the model group was significantly higher than that in the blank group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);however, their expression in both the inhibitor group and the TXC group was lower than that in the model group, respectively(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).Conclusion:Tougu Xiaotong capsule regulates the expression of key factors in Ras-Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway and miR-27b, miR-34a and miR-146a to regulate the inflammatory of chondrocytes, thereby inhibiting osteoarthritis inflammation and protecting articular cartilage.…”
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Tree shrew as a new animal model for musculoskeletal disorders and aging by Xiaocui Wei, Honghao Li, Jingyang Qiu, Jianlin Jiao, Xiongtian Guo, Gaosheng Yin, Ping Yang, Yi Han, Qiongzhi Zhao, Hao Zeng, Zhi Rao, Xuefei Gao, Kai Li, Pinglin Lai, Sheng Zhang, Chengliang Yang, Di Lu, Xiaochun Bai

“…The induced OA model in tree shrews was highly efficient and reproducible, characterized by gradual deterioration of articular cartilage, recapitulating the human OA phenotype to some degree. …”
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MLL4 regulates postnatal palate growth and midpalatal suture development by Jung-Mi Lee, Hunmin Jung, Bruno de Paula Machado Pasqua, Yungki Park, Qinghuang Tang, Shin Jeon, Shin Jeon, Soo-Kyung Lee, Jae W. Lee, Hyuk-Jae Edward Kwon

“…Genome-wide mRNA expression analysis of the midpalatal suture tissue revealed that MLL4 is essential for the timely expression of major cartilage development genes, such as Col2a1 and Acan, at birth. …”
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Gold Finger: Metal Jewellery as a Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Therapy! by T. Hlaing, S. Ramteke, K. Binymin

“…The disease can progress rapidly causing joint swelling and damaging cartilage and bone around the joints resulting in severe deformities. …”
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Narrative Review and Guide: State of the Art and Emerging Opportunities of Bioprinting in Tissue Regeneration and Medical Instrumentation by Jaroslava Halper

“…Bioprinting is suitable for printing tissues using living or viable components, such as collagen scaffolding, cartilage components, and cells, and also for printing parts of structures, such as teeth, using artificial man-made materials that will become embedded in vivo. …”
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Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Alleviates Synovitis by Reducing Pyroptosis in Rats with Experimental Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis by Yinzi Xin, Wei Wang, Enyu Mao, Hefeng Yang, Song Li

“…The mechanism of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which leads to the final erosion of cartilage and subchondral bone, has been widely demonstrated, but still not clearly elucidated. …”
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A Quantitative Study on the Trachea of the Red Sokoto (Maradi) Goat (Capra hircus) by O. Byanet, J. A. Bosha, B. O. Onoja

“…The results showed that tracheas were extended from the cricoid cartilage of larynx to the hilus of the lungs, where they were divided into the right and left bronchi. …”
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The Relationship between Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Report of 2 Cases with Suspected Osteonecrosis by Akira Horikawa, Naohisa Miyakoshi, Yoichi Shimada, Hiroyuki Kodama

“…Pathological examination of the resected femoral condyle and proximal tibia showed almost intact joint cartilage, healing of the collapsed subchondral bone, and significant trabecular bone loss. …”
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Incidence of oral complications during endotracheal intubation in general anesthesia among hospitalized children by Mohammed N. Al-Shiekh, Mohamed Altinawi, Mawia Karkoutly

“…There is a relation between TDIs and the occlusal stage, the difficulty of intubation, the number of intubation attempts, the Mallampati score, inter-incisor distance, and the distance between the mental and thyroid cartilage (p < 0.05). TDIs during oral tracheal intubation in GA are injuries with many risk factors and can’t be avoided even with skilled anesthetists. …”
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Laryngeal Fracture after Blunt Cervical Trauma in Motorcycle Accident and Its Management by Nuno Ribeiro-Costa, Pedro Carneiro Sousa, Diogo Abreu Pereira, Paula Azevedo, Delfim Duarte

“…CT-scan demonstrated displaced fracture of the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. The patient was submitted to tracheostomy and the fracture was surgically repaired. …”
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Autoantibodies as Diagnostic Markers and Mediator of Joint Inflammation in Arthritis by Qinghua Fang, Jiaxin Ou, Kutty Selva Nandakumar

“…Interplay between several molecules (cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and inflammatory mediators) culminates in causing damage to the articular cartilage and bones. In addition, autoantibodies are proven to be useful disease markers for RA, and different diagnostic tools are being developed for early diagnosis of the clinical disease. …”
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Calcified Leiomyoma of the Distal Forearm in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature by Nadeeke Nidhan Perera, Sunil Ranjith Wijayasinghe, Karuna Dissanayake, Jerard Fernando, Ethige Tharushi De Silva

“…MRI also confirmed a well-defined soft tissue lesion with areas of calcifications. A diagnosis of a cartilage-forming lesion or a peripheral nerve sheath tumour was suggested. …”
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Interpretation of "Clinical Guidelines for Acupotomy Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis" by ZHANG Liangzhi, XIU Zhongbiao, LIN Zehao, LIU Hong, YU Wenying, LIU Jing, LIU Fang, LIU Wenhui, OU Lin

“…Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, secondary osteophyte formation, subchondral osteosclerosis and synovial inflammation. …”
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Fibrin Gel as an Injectable Biodegradable Scaffold and Cell Carrier for Tissue Engineering by Yuting Li, Hao Meng, Yuan Liu, Bruce P. Lee

“…The ability for fibrin to cure in situ has been exploited to develop injectable scaffolds for the repair of damaged cardiac and cartilage tissues. Additionally, fibrin gel has been utilized as a cell carrier to protect cells from the forces during the application and cell delivery processes while enhancing the cell viability and tissue regeneration. …”
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Hamster and Murine Models of Severe Destructive Lyme Arthritis by Erik Munson, Dean T. Nardelli, Brian K. Du Chateau, Steven M. Callister, Ronald F. Schell

“…This arthritis involves focal bone erosion and destruction of articular cartilage. Hamsters and mice are animal models that have been utilized to study articular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. …”
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Ligament Tissue Engineering and Its Potential Role in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by E. W. Yates, A. Rupani, G. T. Foley, W. S. Khan, S. Cartmell, S. J. Anand

“…It offers an unlimited source of natural tissue substitutes and by using appropriate cells, biomimetic scaffolds, and advanced bioreactors, it is possible that tissue engineering could be implemented in the repair and regeneration of tissue such as bone, cartilage, tendon, and ligament. Whilst repair and regeneration of ligament tissue has been demonstrated in animal studies, further research is needed to improve the biomechanical properties of the engineered ligament if it is to play an important part in the future of human ligament reconstruction surgery. …”
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Growth hormone deficiency and secondary adrenal insufficiency in petrified ears syndrome: a case report and literature review by Sebastiano Recalcati, Alberto Vassallo, Marta Villanova, Roberto Lanzi, Marco Losa, Maria Grazia Patricelli, Paola Carrera, Fabrizio Fantini

“… Petrified ear is a rare clinical entity characterized by the progressive hardening of normal flexible auricular cartilage, leading to partial or complete auricular stiffness. …”
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