Differential diagnosis of hypertrophic pachymeningitis: literature review by G. Makarevičius, J. Grigaitė, M. Jokubaitis, A. Klimašauskienė

“…There are 3 major groups of secondary HP: infectious, autoimmune, and oncological. There are no highly specific clinical and radiological features to distinguish secondary HP from idiopathic HP. …”
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Cardiogenic Shock: An Unusual Initial Presentation of Churg-Strauss Syndrome by M. Apirami, J. A. Pratheepan, T. Kumanan, M. Guruparan, G. Selvaratnam

“…Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a rare autoimmune condition, characterized by necrotizing extravascular eosinophil rich granulomatous inflammation of the tissues and disseminated small-medium sized vessel vasculitis in a patient with bronchial asthma and tissue eosinophilia. …”
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Morphologic Features of Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Virus Infection by Huaibin M. Ko, Juan C. Hernandez-Prera, Hongfa Zhu, Steven H. Dikman, Harleen K. Sidhu, Stephen C. Ward, Swan N. Thung

“…Other HCV-associated entities include porphyria cutanea tarda, lichen planus, necrolytic acral erythema, membranous glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, insulin resistance, sialadenitis, sicca syndrome, and autoimmune thyroiditis. This paper highlights the histomorphologic features of these processes, which are typically characterized by chronic inflammation, immune complex deposition, and immunoproliferative disease in the affected organ.…”
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Nocardiose disseminada by Tiago Costa, Luís Rocha, Luciana Silva, Inês Rato, Sara Pinto

“…We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune hepatitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) who initially presented with fever, headaches, and confusion. …”
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Association of Autoantibodies to BP180 with Disease Activity in Greek Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid by Aikaterini Patsatsi, Aikaterini Kyriakou, Aikaterini Pavlitou-Tsiontsi, Anastasia Giannakou, Dimitrios Sotiriadis

“…39 bullous pemphigoid (BP) patients were studied to assess the clinical significance of anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 circulating autoantibodies of BP and correlate their titers with the clinical scores of the BP Disease Area Index (BPDAI) and the Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) as well as with the intensity of pruritus measured by the BPDAI pruritus component. …”
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Harnessing the power of exosomes for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of hematological malignancies by Amirata Mohseni, Fatemeh Salehi, Samaneh Rostami, Kaveh Hadiloo, Mehrdad Hashemi, Zahra Baridjavadi, Fatemeh Ahangari, Najibeh Karami, Fatemeh Samani, Safa Tahmasebi, Najma Farahani, Afshin Taheriazam

“…For instance, exosome contents have been utilized as biomarkers in body fluids (urine, saliva, serum) to identify cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions such as sepsis. …”
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SLE and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Series and Review of the Literature by Prajwal Boddu, Abdul S. Mohammed, Chandrahasa Annem, Winston Sequeira

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder punctuated by varied multiorgan complications all along the course of its natural history. …”
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A Case of Resistance to Thyroid Hormone with Chronic Thyroiditis: Discovery of a Novel Mutation (I54V) by I. Kammoun, C. Bouzid, H. Kandara, L. Ben Salem, Z. Turki, C. Ben Slama

“…It has been reported that the serum of patients with RTH is free of auto-antibodies against thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), except in rare cases where coincidental autoimmune thyroiditis is also present. We describe a 13-year-old girl with chronic thyroiditis and RTH. …”
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Immune Disorders in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: What Do We Know So Far? by Aleksandra Pyzik, Ewelina Grywalska, Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek, Jacek Roliński

“…Recent research has demonstrated an increasing role of newly discovered cells such as Th17 (CD4+IL-17+) or T regulatory cells (CD4+CD25+highFoxP3+) in the induction of autoimmune disorders. The process of programmed cell death also plays an equally important role in the pathogenesis and the development of hypothyroidism.…”
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Two Patients with Therapy-Resistant Pemphigus Vulgaris and Severe Underlying Disease Showing Good Response to a New IVIg Preparation by Katharina Hogrefe, Julia K. Winkler, Alexander H. Enk

“…Abstract Pemphigus vulgaris is a severe and often therapy-resistant bullous autoimmune disease. Standard therapy with steroids often administered together with another immunosuppressant does not respond in all patients or may not be a good therapeutic option in patients with severe underlying diseases. …”
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TOM500: A Multi-Organ Annotated Orbital MRI Dataset for Thyroid Eye Disease by Haiyang Zhang, Hoi Chi Chan, Jiashuo Xu, Mengda Jiang, Xiaofeng Tao, Huifang Zhou, Xuefei Song, Xianqun Fan

“…It includes clinical data, T2-weighted MRI scans, and corresponding segmentations from 500 patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) during their initial visit. TED is a common autoimmune disorder with distinct orbital MRI features. …”
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: Potential Therapeutic Target by Hui-Yuan Li, Li-Feng Huang, Xiao-Rong Huang, Dan Wu, Xiao-Cui Chen, Ji-Xin Tang, Ning An, Hua-Feng Liu, Chen Yang

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. Approximately one-third to two-thirds of the patients with SLE progress to lupus nephritis (LN). …”
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A Case of Spondyloarthritis in Patient Affected by Unicentric Castleman’s Disease Effectively Managed with Surgery Resection and Tocilizumab Treatment by M. Filippini, S. Cartella, O. Bonzanini, E. Morello, A. Tincani

“…Our experience seems to describe a new late-onset autoimmune disease (only 21 cases described in literature) potentially related to Castleman’s disease. …”
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Follicular Helper T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Why Should They Be Considered as Interesting Therapeutic Targets? by Matthieu Sawaf, Hélène Dumortier, Fanny Monneaux

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by B cell hyperactivity leading to the production of autoantibodies, some of which having a deleterious effect. …”
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Ferroptosis: A New Pathway in the Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis by Junjie Jian, Jun Wei

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. …”
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Emergency Splenectomy in a patient with primary immune thrombocytopenia and hemoperitoneum by Liermis Michael Dita Salabert, José Eduardo Consuegra Díaz, Carlos Jaime Geroy

“…Primary immune thrombocytopenia is an acquired autoimmune disease, with a very variable clinical course, which causes an accelerated destruction by antibodies and an impaired platelet production. …”
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The Microbiome in Connective Tissue Diseases and Vasculitides: An Updated Narrative Review by Rossella Talotta, Fabiola Atzeni, Maria Chiara Ditto, Maria Chiara Gerardi, Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini

“…The PubMed database was searched for articles using combinations of words or terms that included systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune myositis, Sjögren’s syndrome, undifferentiated and mixed CTD, vasculitis, microbiota, microbiome, and dysbiosis. …”
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Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders by Poupak Fallahi, Clodoveo Ferri, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Alda Corrado, Domenico Sansonno, Alessandro Antonelli

“…The most important systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases—mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, thyroid autoimmune disorders, and type 2 diabetes—are associated with a complex dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine network, involving proinflammatory and Th1 chemokines. …”
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Whole Exome Sequencing and Molecular Modeling of a Missense Variant in TNFAIP3 That Segregates with Disease in a Family with Chronic Urticaria and Angioedema by Antoneicka L. Harris, Patrick R. Blackburn, John E. Richter, Jennifer M. Gass, Thomas R. Caulfield, Ahmed N. Mohammad, Paldeep S. Atwal

“…Variants in TNFAIP3 have been associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, susceptibility to allergy and asthma, and periodic fever syndromes, suggesting that this variant could potentially play a role in disease.…”
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Case Report: Dangerous liaisons between splenectomy and eltrombopag-induced chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: report of two ca... by Roberto Castelli, Enrico Atzori, Alessandro Palmerio Delitala, Salvatore Antonio Masala, Valentina Micheluzzi, Enrico Ponti, Enrico Ponti, Giuseppe Sanna, Dante Castro, Antonio Gidaro, Mattia Donadoni, Roberto Manetti, Pierluigi Merella, Nicia Isabella Profili, Andrea Maria D'Armini, Gavino Casu, Gavino Casu

“…IntroductionPrimary immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by variable immune-mediated platelet destruction. …”
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