Rituximab in Refractory Myasthenia Gravis – Challenges and Lessons Learnt by Karthika A Valaparambil, Soumya Sundaram, Sruthi S Nair

“…In summary, nearly two-thirds (7/11, 63.6%) of autoimmune refractory MG in this cohort showed a good response to rituximab.…”
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Pathogenesis of Chronic Urticaria: An Overview by Sanjiv Jain

“…The triggering stimuli and the complexity of effector mechanisms remain speculative. Autoimmune origin of chronic urticaria, albeit controversial, is well documented. …”
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Catatonia and Mutism: Neurotic, Psychotic, or Organic Disorder? by Pilar de Jaime Ruiz, Jose Luis García-Fogeda Romero, Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas

“…A differential diagnosis with infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic etiologies should always be carried out.…”
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Continuous Dual Resetting of the Immune Repertoire as a Basic Principle of the Immune System Function by Silvana Balzar

“…Idiopathic chronic inflammatory conditions (ICIC) such as allergy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and various autoimmune conditions are a worldwide health problem. …”
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Unexpected cause of headache in a patient with Noonan syndrome: aseptic meningitis by Hacer Efnan Melek Arsoy, Öner Özdemir, Ümmügülsüm Dikici, Ece Tüsüz Önata, Recep Polat

“…Malignancies, autoimmune diseases, viral and fungal infections, as well as aseptic meningitis due to certain drugs are frequently seen. …”
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Clinical Application of Partial Splenic Embolization by Yong-Song Guan, Ying Hu

“…Common indications of PSE include hypersplenism with portal hypertension, hereditary spherocytosis, thalassemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, splenic trauma, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, splenic hemangioma, and liver cancer. …”
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Resolved Hepatitis B: Achieved or Imaginary Wellbeing? by S. N. Batskikh

“…The PHB association with autoimmune liver diseases and extrahepatic gastrointestinal cancer needs a careful research to confirm the possible involvement of hepatitis B virus in morbid genesis.Conclusion. …”
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Severe Preeclampsia in the Setting of Myasthenia Gravis by Adam J. Lake, Antoun Al Khabbaz, Renée Keeney

“…Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease that leads to progressive muscle weakness and is common during female reproductive years. …”
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Сhronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy: diagnostic strategies and treatment (literature review) by T.I. Nehrych, M.B. Kopchak, S.Ya. Kyryliuk

“…Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy, first described in 2003, is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the optic nerve of unknown etiology, accompanied by frequent painful episodes of optic neuritis, with a clear response to steroid therapy and relapses after its withdrawal. …”
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The Role of PPAR Gamma in Systemic Sclerosis by Andréa Tavares Dantas, Michelly Cristiny Pereira, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rego, Laurindo Ferreira da Rocha, Ivan da Rocha Pitta, Cláudia Diniz Lopes Marques, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto Duarte, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta

“…Fibrosis is recognized as an important feature of many chronic diseases, such as systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, characterized by immune dysregulation and vascular injury, followed by progressive fibrosis affecting the skin and multiple internal organs. …”
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Severe Renal Hemorrhage in a Pregnant Woman Complicated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report by Shohei Kawaguchi, Kouji Izumi, Takahiro Nohara, Tohru Miyagi, Hiroyuki Konaka, Atsushi Mizokami, Eitetsu Koh, Mikio Namiki

“…Antiphospholipid syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease with thrombotic tendency. Consensus guidelines for pregnancy with antiphospholipid syndrome recommend low-dose aspirin combined with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin because antiphospholipid syndrome causes habitual abortion. …”
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Neuroendocrine Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Arising in Long Standing History of Multiple Sclerosis by Stergios Boussios, Vasiliki Kostadima, Anna Batistatou, Ioannis Tourkantonis, George Fotopoulos, Maria I. Argyropoulou, Nicholas Pavlidis

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that targets myelinated axons in the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Pancreatic Cancer and Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Case Report by Daniela Oliveira, Vanessa Chaves, José Carlos Martins, Carlos Vaz, Miguel Bernardes, Jorge Almeida

“…Primary Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory systemic autoimmune disease with a high risk of malignancy development, namely, lymphoproliferative neoplasms. …”
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IL-17A and Th17 Cells in Lung Inflammation: An Update on the Role of Th17 Cell Differentiation and IL-17R Signaling in Host Defense against Infection by Hsing-Chuan Tsai, Sharlene Velichko, Li-Yin Hung, Reen Wu

“…The significance of Th17 cells and interleukin- (IL-)17A signaling in host defense and disease development has been demonstrated in various infection and autoimmune models. Numerous studies have indicated that Th17 cells and its signature cytokine IL-17A are critical to the airway’s immune response against various bacteria and fungal infection. …”
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Combination Treatment of C16 Peptide and Angiopoietin-1 Alleviates Neuromyelitis Optica in an Experimental Model by Yuanyuan Zhang, Kewei Tian, Hong Jiang, Beibei Wang, Shu Han

“…Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease that mainly affects the spinal cord and optic nerve, causing blindness and paralysis in some individuals. …”
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Small molecules in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a systematic review and a multicenter case series about Janus kinase inhibitors and apremilast by Chiara Rizzo, Silvia Grazzini, Edoardo Conticini, Hector Chinoy, Roberto D’Alessandro, Federica Camarda, Luca Cantarini, Bruno Frediani, Giuliana Guggino, Lidia La Barbera

“…Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare autoimmune diseases that primarily affect striated muscles; skin, joints, and lungs may be involved with different degrees of severity. …”
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Postinfluenza Vaccination Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Three Elderly Patients by Joji Nagasaki, Masahiro Manabe, Kentaro Ido, Hiroyoshi Ichihara, Yasutaka Aoyama, Tadanobu Ohta, Yoshio Furukawa, Atsuko Mugitani

“…The etiologies of secondary idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) include infection, autoimmune disease, and immunodeficiency. We report the cases of three elderly patients who developed ITP after receiving influenza vaccinations. …”
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Heat therapy in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases – an overview of clinical and molecular effects by Philipp Klemm, Nils Schulz, Priyanka Boettger, Uwe Lange

“…., inflammatory cytokines and the cellular autoimmune system), thus offering new explanations of clinical effects of physical therapy. …”
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Reactive Hip Arthritis and Avascular Necrosis After Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Literature by Fatima Alkindi, Shamma Al Nokhatha, Khalid Alseiari, Khalid A. Alnaqb

“…Human leukocyte antigen-B27 was positive and synovial fluid culture, autoimmune workup, crystals, and infectious aetiologies were negative. …”
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Severe Late-Onset Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia Following IFN β-1a Treatment: A Case Report of a 52-Year-Old Woman with Relapse-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis by Christophe Cisarovsky, Marie Théaudin, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Grégoire Stalder, Lorenzo Alberio

“…Blood work showed an isolated severe thrombocytopenia and ruled out other autoimmune diseases, viral infections, intravascular hemolysis, and renal impairment. …”
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