Recent Advances in Our Understanding of HLA-G Biology: Lessons from a Wide Spectrum of Human Diseases by Fabio Morandi, Roberta Rizzo, Enrico Fainardi, Nathalie Rouas-Freiss, Vito Pistoia

“…On the other hand, the loss of HLA-G mediated control of the immune responses may lead to the onset of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, caused by an uncontrolled activation of the immune effector cells. …”
Get full text

Identification of potential substrates of LNX1 in chicken cells by Yuhong Liu, Qianmei Gao, Qi Zhang, Chen Li, Sha Liu, Meng Su, Danli Song, Guiping Zhao, Qinghe Li

“…In poultry, several ubiquitin ligases tightly control the innate immune response, imbalance of which may result in autoimmune diseases and seriously impair poultry growth, development, and productivity. …”
Get full text

Statins as Modulators of Regulatory T-Cell Biology by David A. Forero-Peña, Fredy R. S. Gutierrez

“…On the other hand, the induction and activity of regulatory T cells (Treg) are key processes in the prevention of pathology during chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Hence, strategies oriented towards the therapeutic expansion of Tregs are gaining special attention among biomedical researchers. …”
Get full text

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: what can we learn from the haematologist? by Marie José Kersten, Maria Theresa Kuipers

“…CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, originally developed for haematological malignancies, has recently emerged as a promising therapy for patients with autoimmune diseases. By selectively depleting CD19-positive B-cells, this therapy brings a new approach in resetting immune dysregulation and potentially providing long-term remission for patients with a refractory disease. …”
Get full text

Surgical Treatment of the Oroantral Fistula in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis: Clinical Considerations and Anesthetical Management by Elif Betül Yıldırım, Turan Kazan, Yeliz Kılınç, Necmiye Şengel

“…Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. …”
Get full text

Heat Shock Proteins in Tendinopathy: Novel Molecular Regulators by Neal L. Millar, George A. C. Murrell

“…Whilst the molecular pathophysiology of tendinopathy remains difficult to interpret the disease process involving repetitive stress, and cellular load provides important mechanistic insight into the area of heat shock proteins which spans many disease processes in the autoimmune community. Heat shock proteins, also called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are rapidly released following nonprogrammed cell death, are key effectors of the innate immune system, and critically restore homeostasis by promoting the reconstruction of the effected tissue. …”
Get full text

Family case of cardiac achalasia by Yu. V. Yevsyutina, A. S. Trukhmanov, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Nowadays there are three main etiological hypotheses in cardiac achalasia development — genetic, infectious and autoimmune. Genetic theory is one of most widely discussed concepts.Conclusion. …”
Get full text

Drug-induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Secondary to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole: A Case Report by Ambika Shivarajpur, Simon Londono, Justin Shaw, Christopher Boccio, Leonid Melnitsky, Jheanelle McKay, Brian Kohen, Eric Boccio

“…The condition is often idiopathic but can be associated with infections, neoplasms, autoimmune disorders, and certain drugs. Case Report: A 91-year-old female with past medical history of Alzheimer dementia and hypertension, being treated for lower extremity cellulitis, presented to the emergency department for an allergic reaction. …”
Get full text

Case Study: Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis in the Femoral Diaphysis of a Young Female by Jeffrey S. Quon, Anne K. Dzus, David A. Leswick

“…Instead it is more likely the result of genetic, autoimmune, or autoinflammatory causes. Although CRMO has a benign course and responds well to anti-inflammatory medications, it can have a very aggressive clinical and imaging presentation overlapping with infectious osteomyelitis and malignancy. …”
Get full text

Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Group G Streptococcus Infection by Rie Okumura, Sawako Yamazaki, Tsukasa Ohashi, Shinichi Magara, Jun Tohyama, Hiroshi Sakuma, Masaharu Hayashi, Akihiko Saitoh

“…Immune-mediated central nervous system manifestations of group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) infection include Sydenham’s chorea, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS)—which includes tic and obsessive compulsive disorders—and a variety of neurobehavioral disorders. …”
Get full text

Updates in Refractory Status Epilepticus by Rohit Marawar, Maysaa Basha, Advait Mahulikar, Aaron Desai, Kushak Suchdev, Aashit Shah

“…A large proportion of NORSE cases are eventually found to have an autoimmune etiology needing immunomodulatory treatment. …”
Get full text

Role of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Inflammatory Signalling and Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Liguo Zhu, Ying Li, Longyuan Zhou, Guang Yang, Ying Wang, Jing Han, Li Li, Shenghong Zhang

“…These processes also occur in autoimmune diseases, especially inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). …”
Get full text

Vascular Endothelial Cell Function in Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by B. Routy, T. Huynh, R. Fraser, C. Séguin

“…Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a rare autoimmune condition, which has been associated with a high mortality rate. …”
Get full text

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Immunomodulators in a Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation by Yur-Ren Kuo, Chien-Chang Chen, Shigeru Goto, Pao-Yuan Lin, Fu-Chan Wei, Chao-Long Chen

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise as an immunomodulatory therapeutic agent and are currently being tested in preclinical and clinical settings as therapies for autoimmune disorders or transplant rejection. The mechanisms by which MSCs modulate the immune response are still under thorough investigation, but these most likely involve expression of local factors influencing T-cell regulation, modulation of cytokine expression (e.g., IL-10, TGF-β, TNF-, INF-γ, etc.), and interactions with dendritic or antigen presenting cells. …”
Get full text

Current Strategies to Generate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro by Jennifer Steens, Diana Klein

“…The use of these different MSCs for cell-based therapies has been extensively studied over the past years, which highlights the use of MSCs as a promising option for the treatment of various diseases including autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. However, the proportion of MSCs contained in primary isolates of adult tissue biopsies is rather low and, thus, vigorous ex vivo expansion is needed especially for therapies that may require extensive and repetitive cell substitution. …”
Get full text

A Paraneoplastic Syndrome Characterized by Extremity Swelling with Associated Inflammatory Infiltrate Heralds Aggressive Transformation of Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Myeloproliferat... by James K. Mangan, Selina M. Luger

“…There has been a long history of reports describing a variety of paraneoplastic phenomena associated with myelodysplastic syndromes, particularly those with autoimmune manifestations. We report here a series of patients with an antecedent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) that underwent aggressive transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). …”
Get full text

ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Potentially Fatal Presentation by Uroosa Ibrahim, Amina Saqib, Maryam Rehan, Jean Paul Atallah

“…Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disorder that can be familial in etiology or a result of infections, malignancy, and autoimmune or inflammatory disorders. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is common in patients admitted to intensive care units and can confound and delay the diagnosis of HLH. …”
Get full text

A Rapid and Satisfactory Outcome with Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy in Acquired Haemophilia A with Underlying Tuberculosis by G. A. C. Gamakaranage, C. Kulathilake, P. G. N. Nadeeshani, K. H. B. P. Fernandopulle, C. S. Moonesinghe, D. Gunawardena, R. S. Gamage, N. Perera, J. Indrakumar

“…The common underlying diseases are autoimmune disorders, malignancies, infections, and drugs. …”
Get full text

A Case of Rituximab Use as an Induction and Maintenance of Remission in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis by Neveen Awad, Shahd Hafiz, Abdurahman Albeity, Hani Almoallim

“…Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody- (ANCA-) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a multisystem autoimmune disease affecting mainly microscopic blood vessels due to circulating autoantibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens. …”
Get full text

Celiac Disease and Dermatologic Manifestations: Many Skin Clue to Unfold Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy by Marzia Caproni, Veronica Bonciolini, Antonietta D'Errico, Emiliano Antiga, Paolo Fabbri

“…Among these there are both autoimmune, allergic, and inflammatory diseases, but also a more heterogeneous group called miscellaneous. …”
Get full text