The Role of CARD9 Deficiency in Neutrophils by Ruanmei Sheng, Xiaoming Zhong, Zhiwen Yang, Xuemin Wang

“…Neutrophils play a critical role in innate immune defense and directly contribute to infectious and autoimmune ailments. Great efforts are underway to better understand the nature of neutrophilic inflammation. …”
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First Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a 24-Year-Old Male following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine by Yael Raviv, Batya Betesh-Abay, Yuliya Valdman-Grinshpoun, Liora Boehm-Cohen, Michael Kassirer, Iftach Sagy

“…We present a case of a 24-year-old male without preexisting conditions or family history of autoimmune disorders, presenting with SLE following the first dose of the SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine.…”
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Unusual Presentation of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis by BC Pineau, LP Pattee, S McGuire, A Sekar, LJ Scully

“…A 23-year-old man presenting with acute pancreatitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia was diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) without evidence of ulcerative colitis. …”
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A Rare Cutaneous Manifestation: Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination by Yaritza Serrano Gomez, Brittney Grella, Hongbei Wang

“…There is growing evidence that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can cause various skin reactions, many of which have autoimmune origins. These specific vaccine-induced autoimmune conditions with cutaneous manifestations include lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, vitiligo, alopecia areata, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). …”
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Cardiac achalasia: modern concepts on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and diagnostics by Yu. V. Yevsyutina, O. A. Storonova, A. S. Trukhmanov, V. T. Ivashkin

“…The major attention is drawn to autoimmune theory which requires further investigations.…”
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Common variable immunodeficiency: An uncommon cause of bronchiectasis, granulomatous disease, chronic liver disease, and enteropathy – Case report and review of literature by Veena Shamsudeen, Arun Hegde, Uday Bhanu Kovilapu, Nisha Verma, Anurag Jain

“…Nearly 20%–25% of cases develop autoimmune complications such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. …”
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The protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 22-1858C->T (rs2476601) polymorphism is not a genetic risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus in Indian Tamils by Panneer Devaraju, Reena Gulati, Durga Prasanna Misra, Vir Singh Negi

“…Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a systemic autoimmune disease, occurs due to disruption of immune homeostasis against self-antigens. …”
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Recurrence of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine Administered Shortly after COVID-19 by Korin Karabulut, Ana Andronikashvili, Ahmet Hakki Kapici

“…This case report exemplifies potential safety issues that may be encountered with new vaccine administration in patients with recent COVID-19 and underlying autoimmune disease. There are no specific recommendations for COVID-19 vaccine administration in such patients.…”
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An Immunocompetent HIV-Negative Elderly Patient with Low-Grade Fever, Generalized Lymphadenopathy, Splenomegaly, and Acute Phase Response: Do Not Forget Castleman Disease by Kalliopi Azariadis, Maria Ioannou, Kalliopi Zachou, George N. Dalekos

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Healthy individuals genetically at-risk for the development of Pemphigus vulgaris or Alopecia areata share disease-like cytokine dysregulation by Rebekah R. Schwartz, Kristina Seiffert-Sinha, Animesh A. Sinha

“…Autoimmune diseases (AID) are defined by immune dysregulation characterized by specific humoral and/or cell mediated responses directed against the body’s own tissues. …”
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Central nervous system B-cell lymphoma in a patient diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids: A case report by Evangelos Koumasopoulos, Evangelia-Anna Spiteri, Aigli G Vakrakou, Panagiotis Toulas, Georgios Velonakis, George Stranjalis, Leonidas Stefanis, Maria-Eleptheria Evangelopoulos, Maria Anagnostouli

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Current Status of the Immunomodulation and Immunomediated Therapeutic Strategies for Multiple Sclerosis by Shyi-Jou Chen, Yen-Ling Wang, Hueng-Chuen Fan, Wen-Tsung Lo, Chih-Chien Wang, Huey-Kang Sytwu

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, and CD4+ T cells form the core immunopathogenic cascade leading to chronic inflammation. …”
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Bullous Lupus: An Atypical Case of Refractory Disease in a Patient with Sulfa Allergy by Maria Salgado Guerrero, Oscar Mena Miranda, Ana B. Arevalo, Nevena Barjaktarovic, Barbara Mendez

“…Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare cutaneous autoimmune disorder characterized by rapid, widespread vesiculobullous lesions in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). …”
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Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis as a Cause of Sudden-Onset Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Case Report and Recommendations for Initial Assessment by Paul R. Ratmeyer, Benjamin R. Johnson, Luis P. Roldan, Tania L. Kraai

“…The aim of this paper is to delineate an appropriate diagnostic work-up for patients with bilateral SSNHL when there is concern for autoimmune disease.…”
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Determinants of Vessel Targeting in Vasculitis by Gary S. Hoffman

“…Studies of autoimmune diseases have not yet elucidated why certain organs or vessels become the objects of injury while others are spared. …”
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Antihistamine-Induced Hepatitis: 2 Cases Involving Loratidine by Hafiz Arshad, Arsalan Khan, Usama Assad, Muaiad Kittaneh, Charles Berkelhammer

“…We present 2 cases of antihistamine-induced hepatitis with autoimmune features, caused by loratidine. One case was confirmed by rechallenge. …”
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The Role of Circulating Regulatory T Cell Levels on Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Mario García-Carrasco, Pamela Soto-Santillán, Claudia Mendoza-Pinto, Rebeca González-Ramírez, Ana Lidia López-Carmona, Pamela Munguía-Realpozo, Ivet Etchegaray-Morales, Socorro Méndez-Martínez, José Luis Gálvez-Romero, Aurelio López-Colombo, Alejandro Ruiz-Arguelles

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IL-12, IL-6 and IFN-γ production by lymphocytes of pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy by Henryk Tchórzewski, Grzegorz Krasomski, Lidia Biesiada, Ewa Glowacka, Malgorzata Banasik, Przemyslaw Lewkowicz

“…Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with progressive activity. The RA remission was observed in women during pregnancy, but the mechanism responsible for remission is hypothetical only and concerns mechanisms of immune regulation such as lymphocyte subpopulations and interleukin production.…”
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An Overview of the Safety, Efficiency, and Signal Pathways of Stem Cell Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Qian Yang, Yiping Liu, Guangyong Chen, Wancong Zhang, Shijie Tang, Tianbiao Zhou

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and tissues. …”
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IPEX Syndrome with Normal FOXP3 Protein Expression in Treg Cells in an Infant Presenting with Intractable Diarrhea as a Single Symptom by Ali Al Maawali, Beata Derfalvi, Johan Van Limbergen, Andrew Issekutz, Thomas Issekutz, Hasan Ghandourah, Mohsin Rashid

“…This can lead to quantitative or functional deficiency of regulatory T cells (Treg), thereby affecting their immune-suppressive actions which can in turn cause autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. We describe an infant with IPEX syndrome with unremarkable maternal family history whose only presentations were severe diarrhea and malnutrition. …”
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