Cytokines and Other Mediators in Alopecia Areata by Stamatis Gregoriou, Dafni Papafragkaki, George Kontochristopoulos, Eustathios Rallis, Dimitrios Kalogeromitros, Dimitris Rigopoulos

“…Among them, MIG, IP-10, BAFF, HLA antigens, MIG, as well as stress hormones are implicated in disease onset and activity. …”
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The Feature of Distribution and Clonality of TCR γ/δ Subfamilies T Cells in Patients with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma by Liang Wang, Meng Xu, Chunyan Wang, Lihua Zhu, Junyan Hu, Shaohua Chen, Xiuli Wu, Bo Li, Yangqiu Li

“…Restricted T-cell receptor (TCR) Vα/Vβ repertoire expression and clonal expansion of αβ T cells especially for putative tumor-associated antigens were observed in patients with hematological malignancies. …”
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Antibody response to Plasmodium vivax in the context of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) co-infection: A 14-year follow-up study in the Amazon rainforest. by Luiz F F Guimarães, Bárbara A Rodrigues, Michelle H F Dias, Matheus G Barcelos, Maria F A Nascimento, Sâmick L Moreira-Nascimento, Sofia L Afonso, Barbara G S Abreu, Jaap M Middeldorp, Francis B Ntumngia, John H Adams, Camila Fabbri, Stefanie Lopes, Cor J F Fernandes, Flora S Kano, Luzia H Carvalho

“…<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>In an immunocompetent P. vivax-exposed adult population neither sporadic episodes of EBV-DNAemia nor antibody responses to lytic/latent EBV antigens influence the longevity of both strain-specific and strain-transcending DBPII immune responses. …”
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Сandidate SNP-markers of rheumatoid arthritis that can significantly alter the affinity of the TATA-binding protein for human gene promoters by I. V. Chadaeva, D. A. Rasskazov, E. B. Sharypova, I. A. Drachkova, E. A. Oshchepkova, L. K. Savinkova, P. M. Ponomarenko, M. P. Ponomarenko, N. A. Kolchanov, V. A. Kozlov

“…Rheumatoid polyarthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with autoantibodies, including antibodies to citrullant antigens and proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, which are involved in the induction of chronic synovitis, bone erosion, followed by deformity. …”
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Expression of the Autoimmune Regulator Gene and Its Relevance to the Mechanisms of Central and Peripheral Tolerance by Roberto Perniola

“…Its related protein, AIRE, activates the transcription of genes encoding for tissue-specific antigens (TsAgs) in a subset of medullary thymic epithelial cells: the presentation of TsAgs to the maturating thymocytes induces the apoptosis of the autoreactive clones and constitutes the main form of central tolerance. …”
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Immunomediated Encephalitis: New Diagnoses on the Neurology–Psychiatry Interface by Daniel Damiani, Aline Ribeiro de Bem

“…The etiologies behind these diseases are represented by paraneoplastic syndromes (including occult tumors) as well as viral infections, in both cases constituting true immunological triggers with exposure of antigens that will lead to a cross-immunological response directed at healthy structures of the nervous system. …”
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Glycoconjugates and Related Molecules in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Norihiko Sasaki, Masashi Toyoda

“…It is considered that impairment of EC functions leads to the development of vascular diseases. The carbohydrate antigens carried by glycoconjugates (e.g., glycoproteins, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycans) mainly present on the cell surface serve not only as marker molecules but also as functional molecules. …”
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Effect of neutrophils on tumor immunity and immunotherapy resistance with underlying mechanisms by Jiali Yao, Linlin Ji, Guang Wang, Jin Ding

“…Secondly, we review the mechanisms by which neutrophils affect drug resistance in tumor immunotherapy from the aspects of the immune microenvironment, tumor antigens, and epigenetics. Finally, we propose several promising strategies for overcoming tumor immunotherapy resistance by targeting neutrophils and provide new research ideas in this area.…”
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Tiger-Striped PASH: Recognition of a Unique Morphology Allows for a Zippered-Up Diagnosis of Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia of Breast by Mohamad Sakibuzzaman, Ryan W. Kendziora, Toshi Ghosh, Malvika H. Solanki, Amy Lynn Conners, Lisa J. Ahlberg, Charles D. Sturgis

“…Immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies may also help to confirm a diagnosis of PASH, with the spindled cells marking positively with CD34 and PR while demonstrating no reactivity with more specific endothelial antigens such as CD31 and ERG. In the current case, a 39-year-old female was diagnosed with cellular PASH of the right breast with unique histological patterns showing “tiger-striped” and “zippered” histologies. …”
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“Dancing Eye Syndrome” Secondary to Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome in Small-Cell Lung Cancer by S. Laroumagne, Xavier Elharrar, B. Coiffard, J. Plojoux, H. Dutau, D. Breen, P. Astoul

“…Although several paraneoplastic antibodies against postsynaptic or cell-surface antigens have been reported, usually most patients are serum antibody negative. …”
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Combined Cerebellar and Spinal Cord Deficits Caused by an Underlying Gynecologic Malignancy by Tamer Othman, Moshe-Samuel Hendizadeh, Ritika Vankina, Susan Park, Phyllis Kim

“…Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is an uncommon autoimmune disorder targeting antigens within the nervous system and is usually associated with an underlying malignancy. …”
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Stimulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Using Filamentous Bacteriophage fd Targeted to DEC-205 by Luciana D’Apice, Valerio Costa, Rossella Sartorius, Maria Trovato, Marianna Aprile, Piergiuseppe De Berardinis

“…The filamentous bacteriophage fd, codisplaying antigenic determinants and a single chain antibody fragment directed against the dendritic cell receptor DEC-205, is a promising vaccine candidate for its safety and its ability to elicit innate and adaptive immune response in absence of adjuvants. …”
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Developing anti-TDE vaccine for sensitizing cancer cells to treatment and metastasis control by Stephene S. Meena, Benson K. Kosgei, Geofrey F. Soko, Cheng Tingjun, Ramadhani Chambuso, Julius Mwaiselage, Ray P. S. Han

“…In this work, we propose TDE surface engineering to express foreign antigens that will trigger life-long anti-TDE immune responses. …”
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Targeted intervention of tumor microenvironment with HDAC inhibitors and their combination therapy strategies by Wanli Zhang, Luqi Ge, Yiwen Zhang, Zhentao Zhang, Wen Zhang, Feifeng Song, Ping Huang, Tong Xu

“…These inhibitors are known to enhance tumor immune antigenicity, potentially slowing tumor progression. …”
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Potential Role of Meiosis Proteins in Melanoma Chromosomal Instability by Scott F. Lindsey, Diana M. Byrnes, Mark S. Eller, Ashley M. Rosa, Nitika Dabas, Julia Escandon, James M. Grichnik

“…The exact molecular mechanisms that drive CIN in melanoma have yet to be fully elucidated. Cancer/testis antigens are a unique group of germ cell proteins that are found to be primarily expressed in melanoma as compared to benign nevi. …”
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Red cell antibodies or noise? A case series on reactivity against the ingredients in column matrix by Durba Biswas, Debapriya Basu, Mahua Reddy, Suvro Sankha Datta

“…Noise in the immunohematological investigations can be described as a false reactivity of red blood cells (RBCs) in serologic testing that is not related to the interaction of RBC antigens and antibodies that the test system is intended to detect. …”
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Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma: Current Knowledge and Future Directions by Massimo Ralli, Andrea Botticelli, Irene Claudia Visconti, Diletta Angeletti, Marco Fiore, Paolo Marchetti, Alessandro Lambiase, Marco de Vincentiis, Antonio Greco

“…Melanoma is one of the most immunologic malignancies based on its higher prevalence in immune-compromised patients, the evidence of brisk lymphocytic infiltrates in both primary tumors and metastases, the documented recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, most important, evidence that melanoma responds to immunotherapy. …”
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Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Inflammation: Its Involvement in Autoimmune Responses by Elisabetta Profumo, Brigitta Buttari, Rachele Riganò

“…Accelerated atherosclerosis has been reported in patients with autoimmune diseases, suggesting an involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in atherogenesis. Different self-antigens or modified self-molecules have been identified as target of humoral and cellular immune responses in patients with atherosclerotic disease. …”
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Influence of Maternal Immunization with Allergens on the Thymic Maturation of Lymphocytes with Regulatory Potential in Children: A Broad Field for Further Exploration by Jefferson Russo Victor

“…The passive transfer of antigens, antibodies, and cytokines, the induction of phenotypic alterations in offspring lymphocytes, and the induction of regulatory populations in offspring have been proposed, but these mechanisms remain incompletely understood. …”
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Age-Related Modifications in Circulating IL-15 Levels in Humans by Sebastiano Gangemi, Giorgio Basile, Daniela Monti, Rosaria Alba Merendino, Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Ursula Bisignano, Vittorio Nicita-Mauro, Claudio Franceschi

“…Aging is associated to a progressive establishing of a chronic inflammatory state linked to a continuous long exposure to antigens. Since IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory T cells and the immunosenescence is characterized by accumulation of memory T cells and exhaustion of naive T cells, we analyzed IL-15 levels in sera from 30 ultralongeval subjects with respect to those from young and old adults. …”
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