Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention and Control Programmes on Antibiotic Usage and A. baumannii resistance: A 2016–2023 Multicentre Prospective Study by Liu L, Liu B, Li L, Li Y, Zhou X, Li Q

“…Lei Liu,1,2,* Bin Liu,1,2,* Liang Li,1,2 Yu Li,3 Xiangdong Zhou,1,2 Qi Li1,2 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China; 2Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qi Li, Email lqlq198210@sina.comObjective: This study assesses the efficacy of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and infection prevention and control programmes (IPCP) in guiding the use of antibiotics and the control of A. baumannii (AB) resistance at multiple medical centres.Methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of the policy on antibiotic consumption and AB resistance by determining the relationship between the defined daily doses (DDD) for antibiotics – or alcohol-based hand gel (ABHG) consumption – and the incidence of carbapenem-resistant AB (CR-AB), multidrug-resistant AB (MDR-AB) and extensively drug-resistant AB (XDR-AB) at two medical centers from 2016– 2023.Results: In total, 4057 AB isolates were collected; 64.95% of the AB isolates were CR, 59.48% were MDR and 1.41% were XDR. …”
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CMV Pancreatitis in an Immunocompromised Patient by Jaffer Ahmad, Najia Sayedy, Raghavendra Sanivarapu, Jagadish Akella, Javed Iqbal

“…ED vitals showed a sepsis picture with fever, tachycardia, low white blood cell (WBC) count with bandemia, and CT scan showing acute pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, gastritis, and colitis. The patient denied alcohol use and MRCP showed no stone impaction. Sepsis protocolled was initiated for biliary pancreatitis, and the patient was admitted to the medicine floors with appropriate consulting services. …”
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Beverage consumption modifies the risk of type 2 diabetes associated with ambient air pollution exposure by Chaonan Fan, Wenjuan Wang, Wenxue Xiong, Zhiyao Li, Li Ling

“…The consumption of beverages (alcoholic beverages, juice, sugar-sweetened beverages [SSB], coffee, and tea) was estimated with the 24-hour dietary assessment. …”
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Association of oxidative balance score with metabolic syndrome and its components in middle-aged and older individuals in the United States by Qu Zhang, Yemei Wu, Bo Luo

“…Enhancing OBS through dietary guidelines emphasizing antioxidant-rich foods, fiber, and unsaturated fats, alongside lifestyle changes like regular exercise, smoking cessation, and moderate alcohol intake, may be crucial in MetS prevention for this population.…”
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Factores de riesgo modificables en pacientes con cáncer de mama by Wilmer Ramírez Carmona, Julio Padrón González, Maikel Valero Carmona, Beatriz Díaz Fabregat

“…Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, color de la piel, nivel de escolaridad, estado civil, nuliparidad, madre añosa, anticonceptivo oral, hormonoterapia, ausencia de lactancia materna, consumo de alcohol, hábito de fumar o exposición, sobrepeso y ausencia de actividad física. …”
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The direct and urinary electrolyte-mediated effects of ambient temperature on population blood pressure: A causal mediation analysis by Ayesha Mukhopadhyay, Momenul Haque Mondol, Mahbubur Rahman, Leanne Unicomb, Rizwana Khan, Hoimonty Mazumder, Mohammad Nahian Ferdous, Emily V. Pickering, Konstantinos C. Makris, Alberto J. Caban-Martinez, Faruk Ahmed, Mohammad Shamsudduha, Fawaz Mzayek, Chunrong Jia, Hongmei Zhang, Anwar Musah, Lora E. Fleming, Matthew P. Smeltzer, Howard H. Chang, John L. Jefferies, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Xichen Mou, Abu Mohd Naser

“…Models had participant-level random intercepts and were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), religion, exercise, smoking status, sleep hours, alcohol consumption, urine creatinine, time trend, household assets, drinking water salinity, and seasonality. …”
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Sprayable solutions containing sticky rice oil droplets reduce western flower thrips damage and induce changes in Chrysanthemum leaf chemistry by Thijs V. Bierman, Hocelayne P. Fernandes, Hocelayne P. Fernandes, Young H. Choi, Sumin Seo, Klaas Vrieling, Mirka Macel, Bram Knegt, Thomas E. Kodger, Ralph van Zwieten, Peter G. L. Klinkhamer, T. Martijn Bezemer

“…RGO application increased the levels of fatty acids and alcohols present on top of and inside the Chrysanthemum leaves, while decreasing the concentrations of volatile compounds such as eucalyptol, chrysanthenone and eugenol in the Chrysanthemum leaves. …”
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Cognitive impairment in a primary healthcare population: a cross-sectional study on the island of Crete, Greece by Panagiotis Simos, Simeon Panagiotakis, Joanna Moschandreas, Dimitrios Boumpas, Antonios Konstantinos Bertsias, Ioanna Tsiligianni, Sophia Papadakis, Ioannis Zaganas, George Duijker, Emmanouil K Symvoulakis, Polyvios Papadokostakis, Kornilia Makri, Eliza Iatraki, Chariklia Tziraki, Maria Basta, Alexandros Vgontzas, Christos Lionis

“…Female gender (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.72; 95% CI 2.31 to 3.47), age (AOR=1.11; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.13), having received only primary or no formal education (AOR=2.87; 95% CI 2.26 to 3.65), alcohol intake (AOR=1.19; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.37), reporting one or more sleep complaints (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.32), dyslipidaemia (AOR=0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.98) and history of depression (AOR=1.90; 95% CI 1.43 to 2.52) were associated with low MMSE scores.Conclusions This study identified a relatively high prevalence of low MMSE scores among persons attending PHC practices in a southern European community setting and associations with several known risk factors.…”
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Designing community-based strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia: a rapid qualitative study among key stakeholders by Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Marksman Foloko, Evelyn Kundu-Ng’andu, Herbert Nyirenda, Zainab Jabbie, Mainza Syulikwa, Chanda Mwamba, Mary Kagujje, Monde Muyoyeta, Anjali Sharma

“…For a “venue-based strategy,” most participants suspected TB transmission occurred at bars/taverns due to heavy alcohol use and prolonged time spent in crowded spaces; churches and betting halls were also commonly mentioned locations. …”
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Medical therapy to treat obesity and optimize fertility in women of reproductive age: a narrative review by Janelle Duah, David B. Seifer

“…It may also improve a woman’s ability to conceive by mitigating the effects of PCOS and endometriosis and reducing the drive for alcohol and smoking. Qsymia, the combination of phentermine and topiramate, results in more weight loss than Contrave but cannot be used in the acute preconception period, as its topiramate component is a known teratogen. …”
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In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Molecular Docking Analysis of Phytochemicals from Cadia purpurea Roots by Tsegu Kiros, Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy, Yadessa Melaku, Aman Dekebo

“…The chloroform : methanol (1 : 1), chloroform, and n-hexane extracts recorded inhibition zone values (8.0 ± 0.0–10.0 ± 0.1 mm, 7.7 ± 0.0–9.8 ± 0.1 mm, and 7.3 ± 0.2–8.9 ± 0.2 mm, respectively) better than chloramphenicol (7.2 ± 0.6 mm at 30 μg dose) against P. aeruginosa. The alcoholic extracts also exhibited an activity better than chloramphenicol up to 25 mg/mL against same bacterium. …”
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Exploration of Degradation Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acids in Stevia Based on UPLC-QTOF MS/MS by Juan-juan WU, Zi-xuan WANG, Yun-he LIAN, Li-juan HOU, Zhi-ping NIU, Wen-chang WANG, Di WU

“…The analysis of degradation products showed that both CQAs and diCQAs are prone to alkylate when stored in organic solvents such as alcohols and esters, resulting in alkylated chlorogenic acids. …”
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Evaluation of mineral and near-infrared forecasting of wheat yield varieties using spectrophotometric techniques by H.A. Pardhe, N. Krishnaveni, B.K. Chekraverthy, S. Patel, S. Naveen, V. Rashmi, P.C. Govinden

“…To achieve these objectives, different spectrometric methods were employed to analyze the wheat samples.METHODS: Proximate and mineral quantification were carried out following standard Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductive coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, and prediction was carried out using near-infrared spectra combined with chemometrics.FINDINGS: The samples had moisture content (1.1 - 4.5 percent), protein (18.0 - 22.6 percent), fat (0.3 - 0.6 percent), gluten (6.3 - 10.3 percent), fiber (0.3 - 1.4 percent), alcoholic acidity (0.04 - 0.08 percent), ash (0.9 - 1.7 percent), and carbohydrate (71.1 - 75.2 percent). …”
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Exploring dental students' knowledge on oral cancer prevention: a cross-sectional study in Moldova, Armenia, and Belarus by Olga Golburean, Diana Uncuta, Gayane Manrikyan, Natalia Shakavets, Izabella Vardanyan, Marina Markaryan, Ferda Özkaya, Daniela-Elena Costea, Tarig Al-Hadi Osman

“…Dentists play a vital role in early detection of OC through oral mucosal examination, and in informing the patients about avoidable risk factors of the disease, such as tobacco and excessive alcohol use. This study aimed at evaluating knowledge about OC among dental students in Moldova, Armenia and Belarus; three former soviet countries with high rates of tobacco use. …”
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Prevalence and determinants of clustering of adverse lifestyle behaviors among 35 – 75 years old residents at high cardiovascular disease risk in Hebei province: an analysis of dat... by Yuejing QIAO, Yuhuan LIU, Lijuan TANG, Dongsheng JIANG, Xiaoli LIU, Ze CUI

“…ResultsOf the 29 721 residents surveyed, 27 430 (92.29%) reported having at least two or more adverse lifestyle behaviors associated with CVD risk and the numbers (percentages) of reporters were 8 132 (27.36%) for smoking, 3 493 (11.75%) for alcohol consumption, 22 236 (74.82%) for overweight/obesity, 6 725 (22.63%) for high-salt diet, and 15 100 (50.81%) for physical inactivity, respectively. …”
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Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort by Jean-Bernard Daeppen, Gerhard Gmel, Joseph Studer, Valentin Petre Matei, Alina Elena Rosca, Alexandru Neculai Pavel, Radu Mihai Paun

“…Risk factors were measured at baseline (2010–2012) and at follow-up 1 (FU1; 2012–2014), while the consequences and TBI were measured at follow-up 2 (FU2; 2016–2018).Setting Switzerland.Participants All participants at FU2 (Mage=25.43, SD=1.25) of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (N=4881 young Swiss men after listwise deletion).Measures The outcomes measured were TBI, SUD (ie, alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, other illicit drugs), depression and personality traits (ie, sensation seeking, anxiety-neuroticism, sociability, aggression-hostility) at FU2. …”
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Gut microbiota influence on lung cancer risk through blood metabolite mediation: from a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis and genetic analysis by Yizhao Du, Qin Wang, Zongmei Zheng, Hailun Zhou, Yang Han, Ao Qi, Lijing Jiao, Lijing Jiao, Yabin Gong

“…Analyses were adjusted for smoking, alcohol intake frequency and air pollution. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and Steiger test were used to probe genetic causality. …”
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Long-term outcomes of robot-assisted versus minimally invasive esophagectomy in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer: a propensity score-matched study by Toru Sakurai, Akihiro Hoshino, Kenta Miyoshi, Erika Yamada, Masaya Enomoto, Junichi Mazaki, Hiroshi Kuwabara, Kenichi Iwasaki, Yoshihiro Ota, Shingo Tachibana, Yutaka Hayashi, Tetsuo Ishizaki, Yuichi Nagakawa

“…These variables included age, sex, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking history, American Society of Anesthesiologists stage, comorbidities, tumor location, histology, clinical TNM stage, and preoperative therapy. …”
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Anticholinergic burden and behavioral and psychological symptoms in older patients with cognitive impairment by Sabrina Pistorio, Gianluca Scotto di Tella, Vittoria Canzanella, Raffaella Merenda, Gianluigi Cuomo, Paola Iacotucci, Vincenzo Carnovale, Leonardo Bencivenga, Maria Vargas, Annalaura Manes, Mauro Cataldi, Giuseppe Rengo, Giuseppe Rengo, Michela Zanetti, Grazia Daniela Femminella, Grazia Daniela Femminella

“…No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of demographics (age, sex) and anamnestic variables (education, marital status, family history of dementia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease and use of alcohol). Significantly higher NPI scores were found in patients with ACB ≥ 3 (mean scores 47.3 ± 34.8 versus 25.5 ± 24.6, p < 0.001). …”
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Clinical portrait of a patient with acute coronary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a novel strategy for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment by M.I. Shved, I.O. Yastremska, L.V. Levytska, V.Yu. Kuchmiy, O.A. Prokopovych, Ya.M. Kitsak, R.M. Liakhovych

“…It was typical for these patients to have frequent comorbid conditions, namely: hypertension (94.7 %), metabolic syndrome (85.3 %), chronic kidney disease (30.7 %), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (29.3 %), thyroid dysfunction (22.7 %), and such CAD risk factors (and their combinations in 89.3 % of cases) as atherogenic dyslipidemia (96.0 %), tobacco smoking (34.7 %), excessive alcohol use (32.0 %), family history of CAD and T2DM (29.3 and 61.3 % of patients, respectively). …”
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