A Case of Stercoral Perforation Detected on CT Requiring Proctocolectomy in a Heroin-Dependent Patient by William H. Seligman, Fahreyar Alam, Andy Planner, Roderick J. Alexander

“…Although this is not the first such case to be reported, it is significant as preoperative CT imaging was influential not only in determining the aetiology of the abdominal distension seen on the plain film, but also in detecting the pneumoperitoneum which was not evident clinically or on plain radiographs.…”
Get full text

Resolved Hepatitis B: Achieved or Imaginary Wellbeing? by S. N. Batskikh

“…PHB with chronic liver diseases of various aetiology significantly rises the risk of cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. …”
Get full text

Modulation of Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis by Nitric Oxide and Antioxidants by Audrey Dooley, K. Richard Bruckdorfer, David J. Abraham

“…Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma: SSc) is a multisystem, connective tissue disease of unknown aetiology characterized by vascular dysfunction, autoimmunity, and enhanced fibroblast activity resulting in fibrosis of the skin, heart, and lungs, and ultimately internal organ failure, and death. …”
Get full text

Understanding schizophrenia through animal models: The role of environmental stressors by Manojlović Marina

“…These models allow controlled manipulation of environmental challenges and provide insights into the aetiology and pathophysiology of the disease. However, the variability of experimental protocols and lack of female representation in many studies underscore the need for more robust and inclusive animal models. …”
Get full text

Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia of the Gingiva: An Early Lesion Refractory to Surgical Excision by Dhanushka Leuke Bandara, Primali Rukmal Jayasooriya, Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe

“…This report describes a case of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) of the gingiva with no discernible aetiology, which presented in a 36-year-old female. …”
Get full text

A Rapid and Satisfactory Outcome with Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy in Acquired Haemophilia A with Underlying Tuberculosis by G. A. C. Gamakaranage, C. Kulathilake, P. G. N. Nadeeshani, K. H. B. P. Fernandopulle, C. S. Moonesinghe, D. Gunawardena, R. S. Gamage, N. Perera, J. Indrakumar

“…However, approximately 50% of the cases do not have a specific aetiology and about 10% will not have bleeding manifestations. …”
Get full text

Coinfection with Rickettsia helvetica and Herpes Simplex Virus 2 in a Young Woman with Meningoencephalitis by Kenneth Nilsson, Katarina Wallménius, Carl Påhlson

“…Because Sweden and other European countries are endemic areas for rickettsioses, the paper reaffirms the importance of investigating for the presence of rickettsial infections in endemic areas in cases of meningitis of uncertain aetiology.…”
Get full text

Massive tubular ectasia of the rete testes in a patient with Marfan syndrome by Ashley Lee, Su-Tong Low, Steve McCombie, Dickon Hayne

“…Tubular ectasia was diagnosed on ultrasound and MRI, no obstructive aetiology was identified. Initial conservative management was chosen, but further enlargement led to reconsideration of treatment options.…”
Get full text

Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury in a Healthy Patient following PCSK9-Inhibitor Injection by B.-O. Stüben, D. P. Hoyer, S. Radunz, F. Saner, H. Schmidt, H. A. Baba, J. W. Treckmann, L. I. Mazilescu

“…Acute liver injury is a life-threatening condition with disparate aetiology. Swift and adequate interdisciplinary treatment is essential to assure the best possible outcomes in these patients. …”
Get full text

1H MR Spectroscopy in Gliomatosis: Is there a Sensitivity Issue? by M. Szewczyk-Bieda, A. K. Kanodia, G. Main, M. S. Eljamel

“…Normal MRS in a patient with suspicion of gliomatosis on MRI should not reassure clinicians into assuming a benign aetiology or a good prognosis in short term.…”
Get full text

Group C Neisseria meningitidis as a Cause of Septic Arthritis in a Native Shoulder Joint: A Case Report by Amy J. Garner, Freda Sundram, Kathryn Harris

“…Up to 10% of cases of meningococcaemia have an associated septic arthritis. The aetiology of acute meningococcaemia in a variety of clinical syndromes is well documented in the literature. …”
Get full text

The Demise of Poskanzer and Schwab’s Influenza Theory on the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease by Danny Estupinan, Sunina Nathoo, Michael S. Okun

“…This paper introduced the hypothesis that Parkinson’s disease was derived from a single aetiology, the influenza virus. We review the original Poskanzer and Schwab hypothesis that Parkinson’s disease was based on the association between the 1918-19 influenza epidemic and the later observation of Parkinsonism in some influenza sufferers. …”
Get full text

Superior Thyroid Cornu Anatomical Variation Causing Globus Pharyngeous and Dysphagia by Jiannis K. Hajiioannou, Vasiliki Florou, Panagiotis Kousoulis

“…The present case is to be added to the very few cases of superior thyroid cornu dislocation of unknown aetiology. Clinicians should be aware of this rare variation using CT neck as the imaging study of choice. …”
Get full text

Idiopathic Bilateral Bloody Tearing by Emrullah Beyazyıldız, Yasemin Özdamar, Özlem Beyazyıldız, Hasan Yerli

“…This condition is likely a rare abnormality and the least recognized aetiology for the idiopathic phenomenon.…”
Get full text

Prurigo Pigmentosa: A Clinicopathological Report of Three Middle Eastern Patients by N. Almaani, A. H. Al-Tarawneh, H. Msallam

“…The histopathological features of prurigo pigmentosa can be nonspecific; however, distinct features exist for each stage of the disease. The aetiology of prurigo pigmentosa is not fully understood. …”
Get full text

Computational Modelling Approaches on Epigenetic Factors in Neurodegenerative and Autoimmune Diseases and Their Mechanistic Analysis by Afroza Khanam Irin, Alpha Tom Kodamullil, Michaela Gündel, Martin Hofmann-Apitius

“…Neurodegenerative as well as autoimmune diseases have unclear aetiologies, but an increasing number of evidences report for a combination of genetic and epigenetic alterations that predispose for the development of disease. …”
Get full text

Kawasaki Disease: A Clinician’s Update by Nathan Jamieson, Davinder Singh-Grewal

“…We conducted a review of the literature exploring epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, and management of Kawasaki disease. …”
Get full text

Understanding Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome by Gina Rutherford, Philip Manning, Julia L. Newton

“…Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a debilitating disorder of unknown aetiology, characterised by severe disabling fatigue in the absence of alternative diagnosis. …”
Get full text

Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis as a Stenosing Lesion in the Subglottis by Ivan Keogh, Rohana O’Connell, Sean Hynes, John Lang

“…Subglottic Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis (EAF) is an extremely rare disease of an elusive aetiology. It is chronically progressive benign condition that causes narrowing of the subglottic region leading to dysphonia and airway compromise. …”
Get full text

Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment by Zlatko Kirovakov, Elitsa H. Gyokova, Nadezhda H. Hinkova, Emiliana I. Konova

“…The current article aims to provide an analytical review of the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) with a focus on Bulgaria. …”
Get full text