Protocol for the systematic review of age and sex in preclinical models of age-correlated diseases [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] by Céline Heinl, Ines Schadock, Maximilian Wurm, Paul Lucas Wildner, Daniel Butzke, Bettina Bert, Alexandra Bannach-Brown, Matthias Steinfath, Kai Diederich

“…Conversely, the age of rodents is rarely discussed, even though many diseases primarily affect older patients. Young mice are commonly used, even in studies of diseases affecting older adults. …”
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Complex immunohistochemical and molecular study on 5 cases of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumors reveals a consistent alteration in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by Adam Šafanda, Nikola Hájková, Michaela Kendall Bártů, Marián Švajdler, Radoslav Matěj, Jitka Hausnerová, Tomáš Zima, Pavel Dundr, Kristýna Němejcová

“…Abstract Background Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) of the ovary is a rare tumor with distinct clinicopathological and hormonal features primarily affecting young women and children. We conducted a complex clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis of five cases of JGCT. …”
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Effects of movement behaviors on preschoolers’ cognition: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials by Catalina Pacheco, Victoria Culkin, Amelia Putkaradze, Nan Zeng

“…These behaviors interact dynamically within a 24-hour period, creating a complex balance that influences not only physical health but also cognitive and emotional well-being in young children. While the physical health benefits of movement behaviors are well-documented, systematic evaluations of how interventions targeting these behaviors affect cognitive development in preschool-aged children remain limited. …”
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Strengthening mechanism of particle gradation in 55 vol% SiCp/6061Al composites fabricated by semi-solid hot isostatic pressing by Kun Cheng, Yudong Cao, Yuhan Jiang, Xiangyun Gao, Guizhou Liu, Chunmao Tian, Chao Cai, Yusheng Shi

“…Results show that the SiC11/6061Al (with 40 μm:10 μm ratio of 1:1) sample achieves a high relative density (99.07 %) and demonstrates excellent mechanical performance (ultimate tensile strength of 373.09 MPa and Young’s modulus of 188.62 GPa). Compared to other engineering materials, this composite offers significantly higher specific stiffness and specific strength while maintaining favorable thermal conductivity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. …”
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Improving diagnostics and surveillance of malaria among displaced people in Africa by Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Oyinbolaji Akinwande Ajetunmobi, Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade, Innocent Ayesiga, Muhammad Hamza Shah, Tolulope Sharon Rumide, Abdurahman Babatunde Adesina, Ganiyat Adekemi Adeshina, Oluwabusola Elizabeth Oni, Bet-ini Nsikak Christian, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Andrew Awuah Wireko, Hala Ibrahim Thaalibi, Iman Mustafa Abdalla, Sewar Basheer Banimusa, Justice Ndubuisi Jonathan, Isreal Ayobami Onifade, Md Ariful Haque

“…This leads to greater rates of illness and death, especially among young people. Insufficient monitoring worsens the condition, leading to delayed identification and medical intervention, and contributing to a higher incidence of severe malaria and deaths. …”
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Mortality trends of traumatic brain injuries in the adult population of the United States: a CDC WONDER analysis from 1999 to 2020 by Muhammad Hamza Dawood, Yusra Fazli, Sejal Lund, Shurjeel Uddin Qazi, Rija Tahir, Areehah Zafar Masood, Aiman Azam Qureshi, Saleha Safdar, Heraa Zaheer, Muhammad TayyabMuzaffar Chaychi

“…Accounting for a substantial proportion of injury-related deaths and disabilities, TBI impacts a wide demographic, with particularly high incidence rates among young and elderly populations. Despite earlier declines, recent years have seen an uptick in TBI-related fatalities. …”
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Lipid Deposition in Skeletal Muscle Tissues and Its Correlation with Intra-Abdominal Fat: A Pilot Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Manoj Kumar Sarma, Andres Saucedo, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Christine Hema Darwin, Ely Richard Felker, Steve Raman, S. Sendhil Velan, Michael Albert Thomas

“…<b>Methods:</b> Participants included 12 T2DM patients (60.3 ± 8.6 years), 9 age-matched healthy controls (AMHC) (60.9 ± 7.8 years), and 10 young healthy controls (YHC) (28.3 ± 1.8 years). …”
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Migraine and subsequent chronic kidney disease risk: a nationwide population-based cohort study by Ming-Ju Wu, Chew-Teng Kor, Chia-Chu Chang, Shuo-Chun Weng, Chia-Lin Wu, Ping-Fang Chiu, Der-Cherng Tarng

“…The interaction between migraine and comorbidities was not significant; age, male gender and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were independent risk factors for CKD in subjects with migraine.Conclusion Migraine may be an independent risk factor for CKD. Young subjects with migraine, and those with comorbid conditions or without medical control, are likely to be at higher risk for CKD. …”
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Biomechanical Performance of Mandibular Molars with Deep Mesio-Occlusal-Distal Cavities Rehabilitated with Horizontal Posts: A 3D Finite Element Analysis by Sonali Sharma, Sindhu Ramesh, Jasmine Rayapudi

“…Based on the evidence-based scientific data and on the mechanical properties of materials, i.e., Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio, the model of a mandible and mandibular first molar was replicated. …”
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Assessment of adequacy and determinants of HIV related knowledge among senior school students in public schools in Abakaliki Southeast Nigeria by Maria-Lauretta Chito Orji, Ngozi Appolonia Ifebunandu, Chinwe Ifeoma Joe-Akunne, Mmeremikwu Appolus Chidiebere, Stella Echefu, Justus Ndulue Eze

“…Abstract Misinformation, under-information, and disinformation regarding HIV among adolescents may be associated with a high prevalence of HIV among adolescents and young adults. The source of the HIV-related knowledge determines the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the information received. …”
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Hostility Modifies the Association between TV Viewing and Cardiometabolic Risk by Anthony Fabio, Chung-Yu Chen, Kevin H. Kim, Darin Erickson, David R. Jacobs, Janice C. Zgibor, Tammy Chung, Karen A. Matthews, Steven Sidney, Carlos Iribarren, Mark A. Pereira

“…A total of 3,269 Black and White participants in the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study were assessed from age 23 to age 35. …”
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Determinants of induced abortion among second-trimester pregnant women attending Dessie City health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia: a case-control study by Elsabeth Addisu, Bitya Admassu, Wolde Melese Ayele, Kassawmar Angaw, Bezawit Adane

“…It may be helpful for the government of Ethiopia to encourage the effort to improve healthcare counselling on reproductive health-related issues, and planning of interventions focusing on behavioral changes and social marketing as well as providing information to young adolescents on their sexuality to minimize pre-marital sex.…”
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Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy DOX and XELOX Regimens for Patients with Resectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma by Yuan Tian, Qun Zhao, Yong Li, Liqiao Fan, Zhidong Zhang, Xuefeng Zhao, Bibo Tan, Dong Wang, Peigang Yang

“…Neoadjuvant DOX is an effective and feasible regimen and might represent an option for young and middle-aged patients with locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.…”
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Parental depression and emotional feeding practices are associated with a tendency towards overeating in preadolescents by Catharina Sarkkola, Catharina Sarkkola, Marja H. Leppänen, Marja H. Leppänen, Marja H. Leppänen, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Laura Räisänen, Laura Räisänen, Laura Räisänen, Satu Männistö, Heli Viljakainen, Heli Viljakainen

“…Given the inconsistencies in previous research, mostly involving young children, we investigated the child and parental characteristics associated with overeating in preadolescence.MethodsThe cross-sectional study included 5,973 preadolescents aged 9–12 years from the Finnish Health in Teens (Fin-HIT) cohort. …”
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Transitioning of protein substitutes in patients with phenylketonuria: a pilot study by Ozlem Yilmaz Nas, Ozlem Yilmaz Nas, Ozlem Yilmaz Nas, Catherine Ashmore, Sharon Evans, Alex Pinto, Anne Daly, Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan, Anita MacDonald

“…IntroductionIn phenylketonuria (PKU), there is limited information about transitioning between protein substitutes and the influencing factors, particularly in young children. This pilot study assessed the stepwise transition from second to third-stage protein substitutes in children with PKU, aged 3–5 years.MethodsDemographics, child behavior, maternal anxiety, and food neophobia scores were collected at baseline, mid-transition, and final assessment. …”
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Park7 deletion leads to sex-specific transcriptome changes involving NRF2-CYP1B1 axis in mouse midbrain astrocytes by Sergio Helgueta, Tony Heurtaux, Alessia Sciortino, Yujuan Gui, Jochen Ohnmacht, Pauline Mencke, Ibrahim Boussaad, Rashi Halder, Pierre Garcia, Rejko Krüger, Michel Mittelbronn, Manuel Buttini, Thomas Sauter, Lasse Sinkkonen

“…To understand the early molecular changes upon loss of DJ-1, we performed transcriptomic profiling of midbrain sections from young mice. While at 3 months the transcriptomes of both male and female mice were unchanged compared to their wildtype littermates, an extensive deregulation was observed in 8 month-old males. …”
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Association between the Taq1A polymorphism and problematic media use in preadolescent children by Jennifer A. Emond, Jennifer A. Emond, Timothy J. Renier, Dabin Yeum, Delaina D. Carlson, Grace A. Ballarino, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Diane Gilbert-Diamond

“…Two polymorphisms related to dopaminergic (ANNK1 rs1800497 [the Taq1A polymorphism] and COMT rs4680) and one related to nicotinic (CHRNA4 rs1044396) pathways that were previously associated with internet addiction or internet video game addiction in adolescents and young adults were genotyped. Parent-reported PMU for children was measured with a validated nine-item scale (range for final scores: 1 to 5); higher scores indicate more severe PMU.ResultsAmong children (n = 180; 43.9% female; 90.0% white, non-Hispanic; 82.2% of parents were college graduates), the median PMU score was 2.22 (IQR: 1.78, 2.78). …”
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Short-term effects of follicle-stimulating hormone on immune function, lipid, and vitamin metabolism in transiently castrated men by Jéssica Guedes, Indira Pla, Aniel Sanchez, Gyorgy Marko-Varga, Gilberto Barbosa Domont, K Barbara Sahlin, Berk Hazir, Aleksander Giwercman, Fábio César Sousa Nogueira, Johan Malm, Yvonne Lundberg Giwercman

“…Methods: Plasma samples from temporarily medically castrated young men (n = 33) treated with FSH and/or testosterone were characterized by proteomics and metabolomics approaches. …”
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Targeting of retrovirus-derived Rtl8a/8b causes late-onset obesity, reduced social response and increased apathy-like behaviour by Yoshifumi Fujioka, Hirosuke Shiura, Masayuki Ishii, Ryuichi Ono, Tsutomu Endo, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yoshikazu Hirate, Hikaru Ito, Masami Kanai-Azuma, Takashi Kohda, Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino, Fumitoshi Ishino

“…Here, we demonstrate that Rtl8a and Rtl8b play important roles in the brain: their double knockout (DKO) mice not only exhibit reduced social responses and increased apathy-like behaviour, but also become obese from young adulthood, similar to patients with late Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), a neurodevelopmental genomic imprinting disorder. …”
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REZAGO Y ABANDONO EDUCATIVO EN COLOMBIA: UN CAMBIO EN LA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA LA EQUIDAD EDUCATIVA by Angela María Rojas Ladino

“…With the above, a policy aimed at changing the relationship that young people have with the school is proposed, based on the breadth of the school day and the approach of the idea of a democratic school. …”
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