A Derivative Spectrometric Method for Hydroquinone Determination in the Presence of Kojic Acid, Glycolic Acid, and Ascorbic Acid by Zenovia Moldovan, Dana Elena Popa, Iulia Gabriela David, Mihaela Buleandra, Irinel Adriana Badea

“…The developed method was applied with good results for the first time to the rapid determination of HQ in binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures, thus proving that it could represent an effective tool for various skin lightening products analyses.…”
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ENFERMEDAD LINFOPROLIFERATIVA EN LA COLUMNA: FACTORES PREDICTIVOS DE COMPLICACIÓN POSTOPERATORIA by RAFAEL MORAES TRINCADO, JORGE RAFAEL DURIGAN, FELIPE NEVES SIMÕES MONTEIRO, JOÃO TOMÁS FERNANDES CASTILHO GARCIA, MURILO ALEXANDRE, RODRIGO GÓES MEDEA DE MENDONÇA, ALBERTO OFENHEJM GOTFRYD, MARIA FERNANDA SILBER CAFFARO, ROBERT MEVES

“…Materials and Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted at a quaternary service between 2017 and 2021. Postoperative complications, 1-year survival, and correlations with Karnofsky, SINS, and ASIA scales were evaluated. …”
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Enhancing Carriers’ Confinement by Introducing BAlGaN Quantum Barriers for the Better Optoelectronic Performance of Deep UV LEDs by Jamshad Bashir, Muhammad Usman, Dmitri Sergeevich Arteev, Zoya Noor, Ahmed Ali

“…Keeping this in mind, we have improved the carriers’ confinement by introducing a small amount of Boron nitride (BN) (2%) in ternary QBs and an electron injecting layer, which results in higher barriers that restrict the out-of-active region movement of electrons and holes. With quaternary B_xAl_yGa_zN QBs, significantly enhanced electrons and hole concentrations can be observed in the active region of quantum wells (QWs), which leads to a 4.3 times increased radiative recombination rate with a 68% better internal quantum efficiency (IQE) than the referenced conventional LEDs. …”
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The shifting of buffer crop repertoires in pre-industrial north-eastern Europe by Meiirzhan Abdrakhmanov, Michael Kempf, Ruta Karaliute, Piotr Guzowski, Rimvydas Lauzikas, Margaux L. C. Depaermentier, Radosław Poniat, Giedre Motuzaite Matuzeviciute

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Image Encryption Method Based on Three-Dimensional Chaotic Systems and V-Shaped Scrambling by Lei Wang, Wenjun Song, Jiali Di, Xuncai Zhang, Chengye Zou

“…These sequences determine a random starting point for V-shaped scrambling, which facilitates the transformation of image pixels into quaternary numbers. Subsequently, four innovative bit-level scrambling strategies are employed to enhance encryption strength. …”
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A glaciotectonic landform in the Shyok valley, Trans-Himalayan Karakoram Range, India by Abdul Qayoom Paul, Harish Bahuguna, Parveen Kumar

“…This study reports and discusses the first case of glaciotectonic landforms in the Shyok valley of the Trans-Himalayan Karakoram Range, Ladakh, where a large decomposed granite megablock (8.2 km2) along with underlying diamicton is thrust over the unconsolidated Quaternary glaciofluvial sediments along a fault gouge zone near the village of Khalsar. …”
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Inactivation of Zika Virus with Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin by Cory R. Hewitt, Nicholas J. Wixon, Arthur Gallegos, You Zhou, Victor C. Huber, M. Scott Killian

“…Variation in the ZIKV envelope protein (Env), along with its complex quaternary structure, presents challenges to synthetic approaches for developing an effective vaccine and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). …”
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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of γ-Fe2O3/Cr2O3/Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Hybrid Nanocomposite Aerogels for High-Efficiency Ultracapacitors by Rasha Shakir Mahmood, Dhia Hadi Hussain

“…Although there has been significant development in graphene oxide-based materials, challenges such as the accumulation of graphene sheets, weak cycling stability, and insufficient pseudocapacitive contributions reduce their efficiency, so this work looks to ride these challenges by manufacturing a stable, high-capacity, and environmentally friendly hybrid quaternary nanocomposite γ-Fe2O3/Cr2O3/GO/SA aerogel by using the inexpensive sonication method. …”
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Synthesis and evaluation of amino acid ionic liquid for enhanced oil recovery: experimental and modeling simulation studies by E. M. Mansour, R. Hosny, Ammona S. Mohamed, Fatma M. Abdelhafiz

“…Using pre-prepared quaternary ammonium salt PAMAM G0.5 C12 and proline, AAIL [G0.5 C12][Pro] was synthesized and confirmed via FTIR and 1H-NMR analyses. …”
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Luminescence Lifetime-Based Water Conductivity Sensing Using a Cationic Dextran-Supported Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complex by Ya Jie Knöbl, Lauren M. Johnston, José Quílez-Alburquerque, Guillermo Orellana

“…To this end, a novel device for water conductivity monitoring has been developed by employing a microenvironment-sensitive ruthenium complex, [Ru(2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-disulfonato)₃]⁴⁻, embedded into a quaternary ammonium functionalized cross-linked polymer support. …”
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Optimizing solar performance of CFTSe-based solar cells using MoSe2 as an innovative buffer layers by Mohamed Moustafa, Ziad Abu Waar, Shadi Yasin

“…Abstract In this study, we explore the photovoltaic performance of an innovative high efficiency heterostructure utilizing the quaternary semiconductor Cu2FeSnSe4 (CFTSe). This material features a kesterite symmetrical structure and is distinguished by its non-toxic nature and abundant presence in the earth’s crust. …”
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Investigation of Benzoic Acid Adsorption on to ODTMA-Bentonite by Response Surface Optimization by H. Kapucu, N. Yildiz, R. Gönülşen, A. Ç Çalimli

“…ODTMA-bentonite was synthesized by the incorporation of a quaternary ammonium surfactant (octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) on to Ç ankiri sodium bentonite (Ç Na-B) with a cation-exchange capacity of 85 mequiv/100 g clay. …”
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Landslide Hazard Assessment and Zonation by using Slope Susceptibility Evaluation Parameter (SSEP) Rating Scheme- a Case from Debre Sina, Northern Ethiopia by Tamene Tadele

“…The geology of the area includes quaternary sediments, ignimbrite, rhyolite, different kinds of basalts, and tuff deposits, which are highly weathered and changed into unconsolidated sediments at some localities. …”
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Landslide Hazard Assessment and Zonation by using Slope Susceptibility Evaluation Parameter (SSEP) Rating Scheme- a Case from Debre Sina, Northern Ethiopia by Tamene Tadele

“…The geology of the area includes quaternary sediments, ignimbrite, rhyolite, different kinds of basalts, and tuff deposits, which are highly weathered and changed into unconsolidated sediments at some localities. …”
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The Effect of Surface Functionalization of Magnesium Alloy on Degradability, Bioactivity, Cytotoxicity, and Antibiofilm Activity by Morena Nocchetti, Michela Piccinini, Donatella Pietrella, Cinzia Antognelli, Maurizio Ricci, Alessandro Di Michele, Layla Jalaoui, Valeria Ambrogi

“…Thus, with the aim of reducing biodegradability and conferring antibiofilm activity, sheets of the magnesium alloy AZ31 were properly modified with the introduction of hydroxy (polyethyleneoxy)propyl silane (PEG) and quaternary ammonium silane chains (QAS). The derivatized sheets were characterized by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and their performances as concerns their stability, Mg²⁺ in vitro release, and in vitro bioactivity were evaluated as well. …”
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Linear Multivariate Decision Trees for Fast QTMT Partitioning in VVC by Jose N. Filipe, Luis M. N. Tavora, Sergio M. M. Faria, Antonio Navarro, Pedro A. A. Assuncao

“…One such tool is the Quaternary Tree and Multi-Type Tree (QTMT) used in the Versatile Video Coding (VVC), which significantly improves coding efficiency over previous standards, but introduces substantially higher computational complexity. …”
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Identification of hydrochemical processes and assessment of groundwater quality: a case study of the intergranular aquifer in Dili City, Timor-Leste by Marçal Ximenes, João A. M. S. Pratas, José M. M. De Azevedo, Fernando. P. O. O. Figueiredo, Mattew Currell

“…Drinking water quality is a major concern in Quaternary sedimentary areas with unplanned urban growth and poor waste management, like Dili City, which relies heavily on groundwater to meet daily needs. …”
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Influence of the Soil Genesis on Physical and Mechanical Properties by Marian Marschalko, Işık Yilmaz, Lucie Fojtová, Karel Kubečka, Tomáš Bouchal, Martin Bednárik

“…The presented case study was conducted in the region of the Ostrava Basin where there is a varied genetic composition of the Quaternary geological structure on the underlying Neogeneous sediments which are sediments of analogous granulometry but different genesis. …”
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The Effect of Hospital Boarding on Emergency Medicine Residency Productivity by Peter Moffett, Al Best, Nathan Lewis, Stephen Miller, Grace Hickam, Hannah Kissel-Smith, Laura Barrera, Scott Huang, Joel Moll

“…Methods: This was a retrospective study at a quaternary, urban, academic Level I trauma center from 2017–2021 with a three-year emergency medicine residency of 10–12 residents per year and annual volumes of 80,000–101,000. …”
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Research review and transcriptomic insights into Benzalkonium chloride inhalation and disease association by Jun Woo Kim, Min Seok Kim, Ha Ryong Kim

“…Benzalkonium chloride (BKC), a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used as a disinfectant and preservative, is a notable example because it is frequently used in household products and medical settings. …”
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