Cryptosporidiosis in a Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Disorder Perspective by Thivya Balendran, Devika Iddawela, Sajanee Lenadora

“…We analyzed reports on Cryptosporidium in immunocompromised patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), cancer, primary immunodeficiency, and organ transplant recipients. 134 Articles describing epidemiology, related risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and possible treatments in the light of pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and virulence factors of Cryptosporidium and immunology of the host are summarized in this study. …”
Get full text

BA inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and apoptosis in human middle ear epithelial cells by regulating the Nf-Kb/Iκbα axis by He Qian, Cai Yanzhi, Kong Meihua

“…Otitis media (OM) is a prevalent childhood ear disease characterized by inflammation of the middle ear cavity, which can lead to ear pain, fever, and hearing loss. The pathogenesis of OM is multifaceted, encompassing a variety of factors including bacterial or viral infections, host immune responses, and the function of middle ear epithelial cells. …”
Get full text

Opicapone, a Novel Catechol-O-methyl Transferase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Parkinson's Disease "Off" Episodes by Amnon A. Berger, Ariel Winnick, Jonathan Izygon, Binil M. Jacob, Jessica S. Kaye, Rachel J. Kaye, Elisa E. Neuchat, Adam M. Kaye, Edward S. Alpaugh, Elyse M. Cornett, Andrew H. Han, Alan D. Kaye

“…It causes significant morbidity and disability through a plethora of symptoms, including movement disorders, sleep disturbances, and cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. The traditional pathogenesis theory of PD involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). …”
Get full text

Spatiotemporal Pattern of Neuroinflammation After Impact-Acceleration Closed Head Injury in the Rat by Servan Rooker, Sebastian Jander, Jos Van Reempts, Guido Stoll, Philippe G. Jorens, Marcel Borgers, Jan Verlooy

“…Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain damage. We analyzed the spatiotemporal expression pattern of the proinflammatory key molecules: interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a rat closed head injury (CHI) paradigm. 51 rats were used for RT-PCR analysis after CHI, and 18 for immunocytochemistry. …”
Get full text

Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions Are Associated with IL-10 Variants in Parkinson’s Disease by Li Shu, Dongxiao Liang, Hongxu Pan, Qian Xu, Xinxiang Yan, Beisha Tang, Qiying Sun

“…Inflammation has been demonstrated to be involved in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. There were evidences that the disturbance of the protective function of IL-10 gene contributed to PD. …”
Get full text

Reframing the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Investigating the Efficacy of a Modified Low Fodmap Diet Approach on Symptom Response by Tara Howley, Lorraine Cooney, Suzanne L Doyle

“…Background/ Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction with a multi-faceted pathogenesis. A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs), known as a low FODMAP diet (LFD), is an effective management option for many, however, it is complex, costly, and restrictive. …”
Get full text

A bibliometric analysis of research on dementia comorbid with depression from 2005 to 2024 by Xia Li, Wei Su, Lili Cai

“…Additionally, there is a growing interest in the physiological and psychological interplays such as oxidative stress and its implications.ConclusionThis study underscores pathogenesis, comorbid conditions, and non-drug interventions as primary research focal points, suggesting these areas as potential pathways for therapeutic innovation. …”
Get full text

Foot-and-mouth disease in Asia by Md. Abdur Rahman, Farah Zereen, Md. Liton Rana, Md. Golzar Hossain, Masaru Shimada, Sukumar Saha

“…This review discusses the prevalence of various FMD virus (FMDV) serotypes across Asia, along with the transmission modes, pathogenesis, immune response, and immune suppression by FMDV. …”
Get full text

Expansion of Natural Killer Cells in Peripheral Blood in a Japanese Elderly with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Related Skin Lesions by Shinsaku Imashuku, Naoko Kudo, Kagekatsu Kubo, Kouichi Ohshima

“…Natural killer (NK) cells were proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1- (HTLV-1-) associated neurologic disease. …”
Get full text

Association of Lumican Gene with Susceptibility to Pathological Myopia in the Northern Han Ethnic Chinese by Fengju Zhang, Tingzhun Zhu, Zhongjun Zhou, Yudong Wu, Yang Li

“…It is urgent and very important to find the pathogenesis and therapy for this disease. The purpose of the study is to analyze sequences of lumican and decorin genes with pathological myopia(PM) and control subjects to verify the relationship between lumican, decorin genes and PM in Northern Han Chinese. …”
Get full text

Mechanisms of Chronic State of Inflammation as Mediators That Link Obese Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Syndrome by Eduardo Fuentes, Francisco Fuentes, Gemma Vilahur, Lina Badimon, Iván Palomo

“…Macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration in adipose tissue may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-mediated metabolic disorders. …”
Get full text

Unconventional secretion of unglycosylated ORF8 is critical for the cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection. by Xiaoyuan Lin, Beibei Fu, Yan Xiong, Na Xing, Weiwei Xue, Dong Guo, Mohamed Zaky, Krishna Pavani, Dusan Kunec, Jakob Trimpert, Haibo Wu

“…Coronavirus disease 2019 is a respiratory infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Evidence on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is accumulating rapidly. In addition to structural proteins such as Spike and Envelope, the functional roles of non-structural and accessory proteins in regulating viral life cycle and host immune responses remain to be understood. …”
Get full text

Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Aldosterone on Cardiometabolic Syndrome by P. Stiefel, A. J. Vallejo-Vaz, S. García Morillo, J. Villar

“…In this respect, recent evidence involves aldosterone in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Although this relationship is complex, there is some evidence suggesting that different factors may play an important role, such as insulin resistance, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress, sodium retention, increased sympathetic activity, levels of free fatty acids, or inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. …”
Get full text

Proinflammatory Cytokines Increase Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Alveolar Epithelial Cells by James P. Maloney, Li Gao

“…Increased VEGF expression likely contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases and to the angiogenic phenotype of lung cancer, a disease typically preceded by chronic inflammation.…”
Get full text

Prion Diseases and the Gastrointestinal Tract by Gwynivere A Davies, Adam R Bryant, John D Reynolds, Frank R Jirik, Keith A Sharkey

“…The gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a central role in the pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. …”
Get full text

Serum Micronutrient Status of Haart-Naïve, HIV Infected Children in South Western Nigeria: A Case Controlled Study by H. C. Anyabolu, E. A. Adejuyigbe, O. O. Adeodu

“…Though micronutrients are vital in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection, most studies have been conducted in adults. …”
Get full text

Spontaneous Rupture of an Adrenal Artery in Pregnancy: A Case Report by D. Bolla, V. Schyrba, G. Drack, S. Dietler, R. Hornung

“…After two attempts, a coiling of the artery stopped the haemorrhage. The pathogenesis of arterial haemorrhage is still poorly understood although a possible cause could be the excess of hormones during pregnancy, which can lead to a significant arterial wall degeneration. …”
Get full text

Analyzing the potential of neuronal pentraxin 2 as a biomarker in neurological disorders: A literature review by Ubaid Ansari, Jimmy Wen, Burhaan Syed, Dawnica Nadora, Romteen Sedighi, Denise Nadora, Vincent Chen, Forshing Lui

“…Emerging research suggests that NP2 is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, and neuropathies. …”
Get full text

Prolonged Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation Associated with Isotretinoin Administration by Roya S. Nazarian, Elizabeth Zheng, Caroline Halverstam, Steven R. Cohen, Allan W. Wolkoff

“…When oral isotretinoin was readministered for intractable facial acne 3 years later, liver enzymes remained normal throughout the course of therapy. Although the pathogenesis and prognosis of retinoid-induced hepatotoxicity are unknown, this case illustrates that isotretinoin may be safely readministered after normalization of liver function tests.…”
Get full text

The NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Novel Player of the Intercellular Crosstalk in Metabolic Disorders by Elisa Benetti, Fausto Chiazza, Nimesh S. A. Patel, Massimo Collino

“…The goal of this paper is to review new insights on the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the complex mechanisms of crosstalk between different organs, for a better understanding of the role of chronic inflammation in metabolic disease pathogenesis. We will provide here a perspective on the current research on NLRP3 inflammasome, which may represent an innovative therapeutic target to reverse the detrimental metabolic consequences of the metabolic inflammation.…”
Get full text