Unusual Cutaneous Manifestations in a Patient with a History of Hepatitis B: A Case of Scleromyxedema and Literature Review by Gao A, Tian X, Lang D, Chen Y

“…Despite established diagnostic criteria for SM, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Chronic antigenic stimulation from circulating cytokines and viral infections, such as HBV, may contribute to disease development. …”
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MicroRNAs in Autoimmune Sjögren’s Syndrome by Seunghee Cha, Mahmoud Mona, Kyung Eun Lee, Dong Hee Kim, Kyudong Han

“…This review compiles and highlights differentially-expressed miRNAs in various samples collected from SjS patients and their potential implications in the pathogenesis of SjS. To facilitate the development of miRNA-targeted personalized therapy in the future, we urge more follow-up studies that confirm these findings and elucidate the immunopathological roles of differentially-expressed miRNAs. …”
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Analysis of the Cytokine Expression in the Aqueous Humor of Individuals with BRVO-Associated Macular Edema by Chengyi Zhu, Lanlan Pan, Qiong Yi, Qiping Wei

“…Therefore, an in-depth study of the levels and the relationship may provide some evidence for the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of BRVO-ME.…”
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Role of S100 Proteins in Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Paula Moravkova, Darina Kohoutova, Stanislav Rejchrt, Jiri Cyrany, Jan Bures

“…S100 proteins are involved in the colorectal carcinogenesis through different mechanisms: they enable proliferation, invasion, and migration of the tumour cells; furthermore, S100 proteins increase angiogenesis and activate NF-κβ signaling pathway, which plays a key role in the molecular pathogenesis especially of colitis-associated carcinoma. …”
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Pure Testicular Seminoma Relapsing Late with Somatic Type Malignancy by Klaus-Peter Dieckmann, Petra Anheuser, Ralf Gehrckens, Waldemar Wilczak, Guido Sauter, Doris Höflmayer

“…The patient is well 1 year after surgery. Conclusion. The pathogenesis of this STM remains enigmatic. The origin from GCT was evidenced by documentation of isochromosome 12p. …”
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Age-related cataract: prevention and treatment by I.A. Koroleva, E.A. Egorov

“…More than 80% of cataract patients live in low-income developing countries. Pathogenesis of cataract development remains poorly studied, despite the many years of interest of scientists to the causes of this disease. …”
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Biomarkers in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC): Clinical relevance and prognostic potential by Madhan Krishnan, Shyamaladevi Babu

“…These biomarkers not only enhance our understanding of NPC pathogenesis but also support personalized treatment approaches by stratifying patients based on risk and expected treatment outcomes. …”
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A Novel Insight into the Role of PLA2R and THSD7A in Membranous Nephropathy by Pingna Zhang, Weijun Huang, Qiyan Zheng, Jingyi Tang, Zhaocheng Dong, Yuhua Jiang, Yuning Liu, Weijing Liu

“…However, the factors triggering autoantibody production as well as the association among air pollution, malignancy, and the pathogenesis of MN remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the similarity between the pathological mechanisms triggered by disparate antigens and their associated diseases. …”
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A database on genes increasing resistance of wheat and relative species against pathogenic fungi by O. G. Smirnova, A. V. Kochetov

“…In this paper we present an information resource for accumulation of data on sequenced genes of wheat and its relatives providing resistance against diseases caused by fungal pathogens. The database (Pathogenesis-Related Genes, PRG) contains information on gene chromosomal localizations and functional activities, nucleotide sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with their effects. …”
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Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cells in Human Neuroautoimmune Diseases and Their Animal Models by Xueli Fan, Chenhong Lin, Jinming Han, Xinmei Jiang, Jie Zhu, Tao Jin

“…Emerging data have shown that TFH cells and TFH-associated molecules may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuroautoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO)/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myasthenia gravis (MG). …”
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HMGB1 Promotes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Enhancing Macrophage Inflammatory Response by Mudan Lu, Shanshan Yu, Wei Xu, Bo Gao, Sidong Xiong

“…HMGB1, which may act as a proinflammatory mediator, has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, the precise mechanism of HMGB1 in the pathogenic process of SLE remains obscure. …”
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Investigating causal relationship among inflammatory cytokines and oropharyngeal cancer: Mendelian randomization by Sibo Xu, Yiguo Li, Wei Chen, Ke Wang

“…Conclusion This investigation posits that IL-5 and IL-7 may be pertinent factors in the etiology of Oropharyngeal cancer, while PDGF bb and CTACK are likely implicated in the pathogenesis of both oral and oropharyngeal cancers.…”
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Mitochondrial diseases: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic advances by Haipeng Wen, Hui Deng, Bingyan Li, Junyu Chen, Junye Zhu, Xian Zhang, Shigeo Yoshida, Yedi Zhou

“…This review focuses on the physiological mechanisms of mitochondria, the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. …”
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Understanding the pros and cons of spine surgery for ankylosing spondylitis: experience from a single institution study by Mohammadreza Chehrassan, Mohammadreza Shakeri, Farshad Nikouei, Saeed Sabbaghan, Behnam Sour, Ebrahim Ameri Mahabadi, Hasan Ghandhari

“…Despite advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, comprehensive elucidation remains elusive. …”
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15q23 Gain in a Neonate with a Giant Omphalocele and Multiple Co-Occurring Anomalies by Hui-Fang Zhou, Christopher J. O’Conor, Chiraag Gangahar, Louis P. Dehner

“…Newer techniques such as high-resolution microarray analysis allow for the study of alterations in chromosomal segments that are less than 5 Mb in length; this has led to identification of critical region and genes in the pathogenesis of omphalocele. Case Presentation. The current study is the initial report of a newborn male with a 15q23 gain and a giant omphalocele. …”
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The Relationship among Physical Activity, Intestinal Flora, and Cardiovascular Disease by Qiuyu Yan, Wenhui Zhai, Chenghao Yang, Zihao Li, Longfei Mao, Mingyi Zhao, Xiushan Wu

“…The major metabolites of the GM influence pathogenesis of CVDs through various pathways. However, the relationship between PA and GM is less well understood. …”
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Oxidative Stress and Its Association with COVID-19: A Narrative Review by Hardi Rafat Baqi, Halgord Ali M. Farag, Abdel Hamid H. El Bilbeisi, Rafee Habib Askandar, Amany M. El Afifi

“…Especially the virus’s route to cell entry via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is well known that leads to pathogenesis in angiotensin II (AT II) which are critical in NADH/NADPH oxidase inducing ROS generation. …”
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Exploring the role of Microbiome in Susceptibility, Treatment Response and Outcome among Tuberculosis Patients from Pakistan: study protocol for a prospective cohort study (Micro-S... by Zia Ul-Haq, Muhammad Shahzad, Simon C Andrews

“…The protocol described in the current study aims to identify microbiome (oral and gut) signatures associated with TB pathogenesis, treatment response and outcome in humans.Methods and analysis Four hundred and fifty, newly diagnosed patients with TB from three district levels (Peshawar, Mardan and Swat) TB diagnosis and treatment centres, will be recruited in this non-interventional, prospective cohort study and will be followed and monitored until treatment completion. …”
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A Comparative Study of Interleukin 6, Inflammatory Markers, Ferritin, and Hematological Profile in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Anemia of Chronic Disease and Iron Deficiency... by Eman Tariq Ali, Azza Sajed Jabbar, Ali Nazar Mohammed

“…Interleukin-6 (IL-6) proinflammatory cytokine is associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and development of anemia in it. …”
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Characterization of Site-Specific Phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in Retinal Cells in Response to High Glucose and Cytokine Polarization by Haoshen Shi, Elizabeth A. Berger

“…Inflammation is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). NF-κB is a master transcriptional regulator for numerous inflammatory genes. …”
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