Pulmonary Nocardiosis: Review of Cases and an Update by Malini Shariff, Jayanthi Gunasekaran

“…Nocardia, a branching, filamentous bacteria, is widely distributed in the environment and can cause human infection in immune-compromised hosts. Inhalation of Nocardia leads to pulmonary disease. …”
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The Role of T Helper (TH)17 Cells as a Double-Edged Sword in the Interplay of Infection and Autoimmunity with a Focus on Xenobiotic-Induced Immunomodulation by Nasr Y. A. Hemdan, Ahmed M. Abu El-Saad, Ulrich Sack

“…Extensive research in recent years suggests that exposure to xenobiotic stimuli plays a critical role in autoimmunity induction and severity and that the resulting response would be exacerbated in individuals with an infection-aroused immune system. In this context, heavy metals constitute a prominent category of xenobiotic substances, known to alter divergent immune cell responses in accidentally and occupationally exposed individuals, thereby increasing the susceptibility to autoimmunity and cancer, especially when accompanied by inflammation-triggered persistent sensitization. …”
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Role of Interferons in the Development of Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Therapy for Tuberculosis by Kai Ling Chin, Fadhilah Zulkipli Anis, Maria E. Sarmiento, Mohd Nor Norazmi, Armando Acosta

“…It is estimated that each case of active TB may cause 10–20 new infections. Host immune response to Mtb is influenced by interferon- (IFN-) signaling pathways, particularly by type I and type II interferons (IFNs). …”
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Exploring Immune Responses through Dynamic Modeling of Cell-Immune Interactions in Viral Infection and Vaccination by Kwang Su Kim, Il Hyo Jung, Jong Hyuk Byun

“…This study examines the dynamics of viral infections and immune responses, with a particular focus on the roles of antibodies and CD8+ T cells induced by vaccination. …”
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Structurally convergent antibodies derived from different vaccine strategies target the influenza virus HA anchor epitope with a subset of VH3 and VK3 genes by Ting-Hui Lin, Chang-Chun David Lee, Monica L. Fernández-Quintero, James A. Ferguson, Julianna Han, Xueyong Zhu, Wenli Yu, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Florian Krammer, Patrick C. Wilson, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson

“…Identification and characterization of bnAbs elicited in natural infection and immunization to influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) can provide insights for development of a universal influenza vaccine. …”
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The Successful Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Newly Diagnosed HIV Patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Complicated by Pneumocystis and Cytomegal... by Jin Kook Kang, Matthew Acton, Bo Soo Kim

“…Background: We report a case of an adult patient with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to pneumocystis and cytomegalovirus pneumonia that were present on presentation, which were successfully managed with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). …”
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Influenza A Virus H7 nanobody recognizes a conserved immunodominant epitope on hemagglutinin head and confers heterosubtypic protection by Zhao-Shan Chen, Hsiang-Chi Huang, Xiangkun Wang, Karin Schön, Yane Jia, Michael Lebens, Danica F. Besavilla, Janarthan R. Murti, Yanhong Ji, Aishe A. Sarshad, Guohua Deng, Qiyun Zhu, Davide Angeletti

“…Through phage display and in vitro characterization, we demonstrate that E10 specifically targets an epitope on HA head which is part of the conserved lateral patch and is highly immunodominant upon H7 infection. Importantly, immunization with a peptide including the E10 epitope elicits cross-reactive antibodies and mediates partial protection from lethal viral challenge. …”
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Level among Renal Transplant Recipients: A Case Report from Nepal by Kamal Ranabhat, Bhuvan Saud, Saroj Adhikari, Suraj Bhattarai, Rojan Adhikari, Bhoj Raj Luitel, Mahesh Raj Sigdel

“…Although two out of three patients in the study acquired COVID-19 infection after immunization, they recovered with mild clinical course. …”
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Modelling Peroxisomal Disorders in Zebrafish by Chenxing S. Jiang, Michael Schrader

“…They have been linked to healthy ageing, neurodegeneration, cancer, the combat of pathogens and viruses, and infection and immune responses. Their biogenesis relies on several peroxins (encoded by <i>PEX</i> genes), which mediate matrix protein import, membrane assembly, and peroxisome multiplication. …”
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Anti-Biofilm Agents to Overcome <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Antibiotic Resistance by Marie Hanot, Elodie Lohou, Pascal Sonnet

“…Particularly, its ability to form biofilms that protect colonies from antimicrobial agents is a major cause of chronic and hard-to-treat infections in immune-compromised patients. This protective barrier also ensures cell growth on abiotic surfaces and thus enables bacterial survival on medical devices. …”
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Golgi protein 73: the driver of inflammation in the immune and tumor microenvironment by Pingping Feng, Pingping Feng, Xinyang Hu, Xinyang Hu, Sining Zhou, Xianyong Liu, Linghui Zeng, Yiming Liu, Yiming Liu, Yiming Liu, Yiming Liu

“…GP73 can modulate intracellular signaling pathways to influence cytokine and chemokine networks, resulting in inflammation caused by viral and bacterial infection or immune diseases, and leading tumor microenvironment deteriorated. …”
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BA inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and apoptosis in human middle ear epithelial cells by regulating the Nf-Kb/Iκbα axis by He Qian, Cai Yanzhi, Kong Meihua

“…The pathogenesis of OM is multifaceted, encompassing a variety of factors including bacterial or viral infections, host immune responses, and the function of middle ear epithelial cells. …”
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Roles of NET Peptides With Known Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity in Immune Response by Sinan Cebeci, Tuba Polat, Nihan Ünübol

“…Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of the innate immune system in all living organisms, playing a vital role in the body’s defense against diseases and infections. The immune system’s primary functions include preventing disease-causing agents from entering the body and eliminating them without causing harm. …”
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Novel drug targets for monkeypox: From viral to host proteins by Zhaozhong Zhu, Qin Sun, Yunhai Xu, Youya Niu, Fei Yang, Shuidong Feng

“…Functional enrichment of MIPs indicated their roles in infection and immune-related pathways. Conclusions: In total, we identified 112 drugs targeting MPXV proteins and 371 drugs targeting MMIPs, with fostamatinib, trilostane, and raloxifene being able to inhibit both viral and host proteins. …”
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The rapid rise of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron subvariants with immune evasion properties: XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1 subvariants by Danyi Ao, Xuemei He, Weiqi Hong, Xiawei Wei

“…During the Omicron wave, several subvariants have emerged, with some exhibiting greater infectivity and immune evasion, accounting for their fast spread across many countries. …”
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Applying fractional calculus to malware spread: A fractal-based approach to threat analysis. by Nausheen Razi, Muhammad Bilal Riaz, Ambreen Bano, Tayyab Kamran, Umar Ishtiaq, Anum Shafiq

“…Sensitivity analysis of different parameters such as initial infection rate, variable adjustment to sensitivity of infected nodes, immune rate of antivirus strategies and loss rate of immunity of removed nodes is investigated under FF model and is compared with classical. …”
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The JN.1 variant of COVID-19: immune evasion, transmissibility, and implications for global health by Araj Naveed Siddiqui, Imshaal Musharaf, Bashar Haruna Gulumbe

“…Findings reveal that JN.1 exhibits higher infectivity and immune evasion than previous variants, largely due to the L4555 mutation. …”
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Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women and HIV/AIDS Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Daniel Getacher Feleke, Angesom Gebreweld, Gashaw Zewde

“…Although Toxoplasma gondii infection in immune-competent individuals is usually asymptomatic or causes a mild flu-like illness, it may become severe and can occasionally be fatal in immune-compromised people, such as AIDS patients or pregnant women. …”
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Highly viable gastrointestinal Chlamydia trachomatis in women abstaining from receptive anal intercourse by Philip A. Karlsson, Mimmi Wänn, Helen Wang, Lars Falk, Björn Herrmann

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Investigation of TORCH seroprevalence in a tertiary university hospital by Samet Kirat

“…The seroprevalence of TORCH infections in pregnant women at a tertiary university hospital was determined, with a higher proportion of previous infections and immunized individuals in the older age group. …”
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