A Case Report of an Atypical Presentation of IgG4-Related Disease and Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia by Francesco Rapisarda, Luca Zanoli, Grazia Portale, Salvo Scuto, Pietro Castellino

“…The IgG4-related disease is a fibroinflammatory disease characterized by tumefactive lesions, a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis, and, often but not always, elevated serum levels of IgG4. …”
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Research progress of gut microbiome and diabetic nephropathy by Chenling Chu, Tapas Ranjan Behera, Ying Huang, Wenhui Qiu, Jiayi Chen, Quanquan Shen, Quanquan Shen

“…This review explores the role of gut microbiome in diabetic nephropathy summarizing proposed mechanisms of progression and focusing on microbial metabolites, intestinal barrier disruption, inflammation, filtration barrier damage and renal fibrosis. This review also examines the mechanism and limitations of current treatments, including drugs, fecal microbiota transplantation, and lifestyle changes, offering new perspectives on prevention and treatment.…”
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Necrotic stomatitis and haemorrhagic enteritis in an indian rock python by Balasundara Kavitha Rani, Shekhya Ganga Naik, Konanur Javaregowda Ananda, Basavanal Eswarappa Shambulingappa, Suresh Revanna Patel, Mosarukunte Devaraj

“…Liver had focal hepatitis, haemosiderosis and portal fibrosis with biliary proliferation. The post mortem investigation revealed that the cause of death was generalized systemic disease due to chronic necrotic stomatitis, pneumonia and necro-haemorrhagic enteritis.…”
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Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Anti-VEGF Agents: Predictive Factors of Long-Term Visual Outcomes by Ana Catarina Pedrosa, Tiago Sousa, João Pinheiro-Costa, João Beato, Manuel S. Falcão, Fernando Falcão-Reis, Angela Carneiro

“…Additionally, age, gender, number of injections, and development of subretinal fibrosis during follow-up were also significant predictors of visual outcomes at 60 months. …”
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The effects of Stemregen® host modulation therapy on experimentally induced apical periodontitis in rats* by Fatma GÖNÜLLÜ, Mevlüt Sinan OCAK, Serkan DUNDAR, İbrahim Hanifi ÖZERCAN

“…Histopathological assessments measured osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity, inflammation, fibrosis, and abscess density. Immunohistochemical analyses evaluated RANKL, TRAP, and OPG levels. …”
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Influence of Mast Cells in Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth by Tamilselvan Subramani, Vidhya Rathnavelu, Swee Keong Yeap, Noorjahan Banu Alitheen

“…Many immunohistochemical studies involving MCs have been conducted; as a result, DIGO tissues are found to have increased the number of MCs in the gingiva, especially in the area of fibrosis. At the cellular level, gingival fibrogenesis is initiated by several mediators which induce the recruitment of a large number of inflammatory cells, including MCs. …”
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Azole-Induced Myositis after Combined Lung-Liver Transplantation by Sofie Happaerts, Michiel Wieërs, Ward Vander Mijnsbrugge, Laurent Godinas, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Laurens J. Ceulemans, Robin Vos, Geert M. Verleden

“…Our patient was a 38-year-old man who received a single sequential lung transplantation and liver transplantation because of end-stage cystic fibrosis. He presented to our emergency room with acute pain in both forearms at 3 weeks after voriconazole was initiated for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis infection. …”
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Ankylosing Spondyloarthritis Resulting Severe Aortic Insufficiency and Aortitis: Exacerbation of Ankylosing Spondyloarthritis and Stenosis of the Main Left Coronary Artery after Me... by Agnė Balčiūnaitė, Algimantas Budrikis, Eglė Rumbinaitė, Jurgita Sabaliauskienė, Vaiva Patamsytė, Vaiva Lesauskaitė

“…Cardiac involvement in AS manifests in 2 to 10% of patients as aortic insufficiency, aortitis, mitral valve fibrosis, or disturbance in the conduction of the heart. …”
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Ginkgolide B Blocks Vascular Remodeling after Vascular Injury via Regulating Tgfβ1/Smad Signaling Pathway by Quan Wang, Shuai Ni, Li Ling, Siqi Wang, Hanbin Xie, Zhanhong Ren

“…Moreover, the beneficial effect of GB is abolished after incubated with pirfenidone (PFD, a drug for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF), which can inhibit Tgfβ1. In Tgfβ1-/- mice, treatment with pirfenidone capsules and Yinxingneizhi Zhusheye (including Ginkgolide B) fails to improve vascular remodeling and restenosis. …”
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RAGE is a Potential Cause of Onset and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Kamyar Asadipooya, Kamran B. Lankarani, Rishi Raj, Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi

“…AGE-RAGE interaction contributes to fat accumulation in the liver leading to inflammation, fibrosis, insulin resistance, and other complications of the fatty liver disease. …”
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Crackle Pitch Rises Progressively during Inspiration in Pneumonia, CHF, and IPF Patients by Andrey Vyshedskiy, Raymond Murphy

“…These patients included 34 with pneumonia, 38 with heart failure, and 28 with interstitial fibrosis. Results. Crackle pitch progressively increased during inspirations in 79% of all patients. …”
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Navigating the complex role of senescence in liver disease by Qiuting Li, Lin Wang, Yuanyuan Ji

“…Under physiological conditions, senescence aids organ repair and regeneration, but its accumulation due to aging or pathological stress significantly contributes to chronic liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Senescence is identified by a range of cellular and molecular changes, such as morphological alterations, expression of cell cycle inhibitors, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and nuclear membrane changes. …”
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Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Role of MicroRNA Changes by Celestino Sardu, Michelangela Barbieri, Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Pasquale Paolisso, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella

“…CRT effects are related to alterations in genes and microRNAs (miRs) expression, which regulate cardiac processes involved in cardiac apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis, and membrane channel ionic currents. …”
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The systemic evolutionary theory of the origin of cancer (SETOC): an update by Antonio Mazzocca, Giovanni Ferraro, Giovanni Misciagna

“…The SETOC proposes that malignant transformation occurs when cells undergo a continuous adaptation process in response to long-term injuries, leading to tissue remodeling, chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and ultimately cancer. This process involves a maladaptive response, wherein the 'endosymbiotic contract’ between the nuclear-cytoplasmic system (derived from the primordial archaeal cell) and the mitochondrial system (derived from the primordial α-proteobacterium) gradually breaks down. …”
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Nuclear receptors in regulation of bile acids transport and metabolism by A. F. Sheptulina, Ye. N. Shirokova, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Accumulation of BA and other bile components in hepatocytes during cholestatic liver diseases is accompanied by liver cells damage and ready to fibrosis and cirrhosis. This article is devoted to the above-mentioned issues.Key points. …”
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Mitophagy in ischemic heart disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical management by Shujuan Xu, Zihan Wang, Fan Guo, Yehao Zhang, Han Peng, Huiyu Zhang, Zixin Liu, Ce Cao, Gaojie Xin, Yuan Yuan Chen, Jianhua Fu

“…We conclude that mitophagy affects ischemic heart disease by promoting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis, the progression of oxidative stress, the development of inflammation, and cardiomyocyte death, and that the specific mechanisms of mitophagy are worthy of further investigation.…”
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Proinflammatory Cytokines and Potassium Channels in the Kidney by Kazuyoshi Nakamura, Hikaru Hayashi, Manabu Kubokawa

“…Transforming growth factor-β1 activated KCa3.1 K+ channel in immortalized human proximal tubule cells, which would be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. This review discusses the effects of proinflammatory cytokines on renal K+ channels and the causal relationship between the cytokine-induced changes in K+ channel activity and renal dysfunction.…”
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Iron metabolism in rheumatic diseases by Aliakbar Givian, Amin Azizan, Ahmadreza Jamshidi, Mahdi Mahmoudi, Elham Farhadi

“…Altered iron homeostasis can contribute to disease progression through ROS production, fibrosis, inflammation, abnormal bone homeostasis, NETosis and cell senescence. …”
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PPARγ Signaling Mediates the Evolution, Development, Homeostasis, and Repair of the Lung by Virender K. Rehan, John S. Torday

“…A wide variety of molecular insults disrupt such highly evolved physiologic cell-cell interactions, ranging from overdistention to oxidants, infection, and nicotine, all of which predictably cause loss of mesenchymal peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and the transdifferentiation of lipofibroblasts to myofibroblasts, the signature cell type for lung fibrosis. By exploiting such deep cell-molecular functional homologies as targets for leveraging lung homeostasis, we have discovered that we can effectively prevent and/or reverse the deleterious effects of these pathogenic agents, demonstrating the utility of evolutionary biology for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease. …”
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Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection with Cidofovir and CMV Immune Globulin in a Lung Transplant Recipient by Heinrike Wilkens, Martina Sester

“…A CMV-seronegative 42-year-old man with cystic fibrosis received a lung from a CMV-seropositive donor. …”
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