Study on the In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity and Potential Mechanism of <i>Polygonum viviparum</i> L. by Zhen Yang, Jingyuan Man, Haoyu Liu, Di Wu, Qiangwen Gu, Hongjuan Zhang, Yu Liu, Dan Shao, Baocheng Hao, Shengyi Wang

“…Secondly, PV was proven to attenuate the effects of oxidative stress on body weight gain and thymus development by establishing the Senna leaf-induced diarrhea model in rats, as well as to increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the intestinal tract and to enhance the rats’ own antioxidant defenses, to mitigate the oxidative damage caused by diarrhea. …”
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Characterization of Shigella flexneri serotype 6 strains from geographically diverse low- and middle-income countries by Caitlin E. Gabor, Charlotte E. Chong, Jose M. Lemme-Dumit, Tracy H. Hazen, Kate S. Baker, Karen L. Kotloff, Irene N. Kasumba, Sharon M. Tennant, Henry Badji, M. Jahangir Hossain, Richard Omore, Benjamin Ochieng, Alex O. Awuor, Billy Ogwel, Jane Juma, Eileen M. Barry, David A. Rasko

“…ABSTRACT Shigella flexneri serotype 6 (Sf6) is one of the most common serotypes recovered from surveillance studies of moderate to severe diarrhea. Despite the clinical significance of Sf6, this serotype is understudied. …”
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Enterokinase deficiency associated with novel TMPRSS15 gene mutations: a case report by Yunxi Li, Ruijuan Li, Yanyan Pan, Weiran Zhou, Xingcui Wang, Linlin Dong, Xuemei Liu, Hongxia Zhang

“…Herein, we report a case of EKD in a patient with novel compound heterozygous TMPRSS15 mutations.Case presentationA 2-month-old female infant presented with chronic diarrhea, vomiting, pallor, general edema, skin lesions, and a failure to gain weight. …”
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A Case of Primary Amyloidosis Involving Liver, Stomach, Intestines, and Heart without Evident Kidney Involvement by L. S. Kholopov, N. B. Gubegrits, O. A. Dyadyk, Yu. E. Chirkov, Yu. V. Tsohoyeva

“…A Caucasian woman presented to clinic with severe general weakness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sudden weight loss, and palpitation. Initial examination revealed a duodenal bulb ulcer complicated by bleeding and polyps in the retrobulbar part of duodenum. …”
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Abcesso hepático e Bacteriemia Causada por Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans by Tiago Guimarães Costa, Raquel Moura, Luís Rocha, Sara Pinto, Paula Ferreira

“…She had multiple comorbidities and presented with general malaise, asthenia associated with decreased appetite, and diarrhea. CT scan confirmed the presence of liver abscesses and blood cultures identified Desulfovibrio desulfuricans as the causative agent. …”
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Epithelial cells detect functional type III secretion system of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli through a novel NF-κB signaling pathway. by Yael Litvak, Shir Sharon, Meirav Hyams, Li Zhang, Simi Kobi, Naama Katsowich, Shira Dishon, Gabriel Nussbaum, Na Dong, Feng Shao, Ilan Rosenshine

“…Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a common cause of infant diarrhea, is associated with high risk of mortality in developing countries. …”
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Coexistence of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B and Chilaiditi Sign: A Case Report by Deniz Çetin, Mustafa Ünübol, Aykut Soyder, Engin Güney, Adil Coşkun, Serdar Özbaş, Alparslan Ünsal, Muhan Erkuş

“…The patient had no symptoms as abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or emesis. Incidentally, Chilaiditi sign was diagnosed with chest radiograph and thoracoabdominal CT. …”
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The Clostridium difficile cell wall protein CwpV is antigenically variable between strains, but exhibits conserved aggregation-promoting function. by Catherine B Reynolds, Jenny E Emerson, Lucia de la Riva, Robert P Fagan, Neil F Fairweather

“…Clostridium difficile is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, leading to significant morbidity and mortality and putting considerable economic pressure on healthcare systems. …”
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Clinical Scoring for Diagnosis of Acute Lower Abdominal Pain in Female of Reproductive Age by Kijja Jearwattanakanok, Sirikan Yamada, Watcharin Suntornlimsiri, Waratsuda Smuthtai, Jayanton Patumanond

“…The developed clinical score is comprised of (1) guarding or rebound tenderness, (2) pregnancy, (3) sites of abdominal tenderness, (4) leukocytosis, (5) peripheral neutrophils ≥75%, and (6) presence of diarrhea. For diagnosis of appendicitis, the area under the ROC curve was 0.8696, and the sensitivity and specificity were 89.25% and 70.00%. …”
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The characteristics of intestinal microflora in infants with rotavirus enteritis, changes in microflora before and after treatment and their clinical values by Qiyan Yan, Yuanyuan Chen, E-Bin Gao, Yanbo Lu, Junhua Wu, Haiyan Qiu

“…Abstract Rotavirus (RV) is a leading pathogen causing diarrhea in children. In this study, a total of 51 fecal samples from children with RV enteritis, 29 post-treatment fecal samples, and 38 fecal samples from age-matched healthy controls were collected. …”
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Rotavirus in Calves and Its Zoonotic Importance by Umer Seid Geletu, Munera Ahmednur Usmael, Fufa Dawo Bari

“…The pathological changes made by rotavirus are almost exclusively limited to the small intestine that leads to diarrhea. It is environmentally distributed worldwide and was extensively studied. …”
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hsa-miR-548d-3p: a potential microRNA to target nucleocapsid and/or capsid genes in multiple members of the Flaviviridae family by H. W. Cayatineto, S. T. Hakim

“…To predict the right alignments between miRNA and viral mRNA genomes, we used computational databases such as miRBase, NCBI, and Basic Alignment Search Tool–nucleotides (BLAST-n).ResultsOf the 2,600 mature miRNAs, hsa-miR-548d-3p revealed complementary sequences with the flavivirus capsid gene and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) capsid gene and was selected as a possible candidate to inhibit flaviviruses.ConclusionAlthough more detailed in vitro and in vivo studies are required to test the possible inhibitory effects of hsa-miR-548d-3p against flaviviruses, this computational study may be the first step to study further, developing a novel therapeutic for lethal viruses within the Flaviviridae family using suggested candidate miRNAs.…”
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Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia in a Child: A Case Report of Palliative Chemotherapy and Literature Review Applied to Limited Resources Centers by Natharina Yolanda, Stefanus Gunawan, Max F. J. Mantik, Anjo J. P. Veerman

“…A 3.5-year-old male was referred to our tertiary center due to pallor, enlarging abdomen and neck mass, recurrent fever, and chronic diarrhea. Initial laboratory workup showed hemoglobin of 6.4 g/dl, white blood cell of 315.62 × 103/μL, and platelet of 17 × 103/μL. …”
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Role of Opioid Ligands in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Enrico Corazziari

“…Diphenoxylate and, more efficiently, loperamide, for the lack of any effect on the central nervous system, have been usefully employed in the treatment of diarrhea in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. …”
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Leclercia adecarboxylata Bacteremia in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis by Amir Kashani, Morteza Chitsazan, Kendrick Che, Roger C. Garrison

“…We describe a case of monomicrobial L. adecarboxylata bacteremia in a 43-year-old female who presented with bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse colonic mucosal inflammation with numerous ulcers, and histopathology revealed crypt abscesses. …”
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Mechanism of Action of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei HNU502 and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Alleviating Antibiotic Side Effects by CHEN Lin, LI Ao, LI Jiahe, ZHANG Zeng, ZHANG Jiachao

“…Antibiotics are effective in treating bacterial infections, but they also disrupt the gut microbiota, thereby causing side effects such as diarrhea, flatulence and indigestion. Probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have attracted widespread attention due to their ability to restore the balance of the gut microbiota and alleviate various conditions. …”
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Infectious Aortitis: A Life-Threatening Endovascular Complication of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Bacteremia by Seifeldin Hakim, Francisco Davila, Mitual Amin, Ismail Hader, Mitchell S. Cappell

“…He denied recent travel, rash, diarrhea, or rectal bleeding. Physical examination revealed spiking pyrexia, and routine laboratory tests revealed mild leukocytosis and neutrophilia. …”
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E. coli Meningitis Presenting in a Patient with Disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis by Juliana B. Gomez, Yvan Maque, Manuel A. Moquillaza, William E. Anicama

“…A 43-year-old Hispanic man, with history of travelling to the jungle regions of Peru and Brazil two decades ago, and who received prednisone due to Bell’s palsy for three weeks before admission, presented to the Emergency Department with diarrhea, fever, and hematochezia. A week after admission he developed drowsiness, meningeal signs, abdominal distension, and constipation. …”
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Prevalence of Virulence Genes Associated with Diarrheagenic Pathotypes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Water, Sediment, Fish, and Crab in Aby Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire by Ollo Kambire, Ama Antoinette Adingra, Konan Mathurin Yao, Rose Koffi-Nevry

“…Serogrouping was performed by EPEC antisera in 113 E. coli strains. The presence of diarrhea-associated genes (eae, stx, AggR, elt, and est) was assessed by multiplex PCR using specific primers. …”
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Efficacy of Adalimumab in a Girl with Refractory Intestinal Behcet’s Disease by Mariko Kaji, Takayuki Kishi, Takako Miyamae, Satoru Nagata, Hisashi Yamanaka, Satoshi Fujikawa

“…She gradually developed a low-grade fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hematochezia. Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed ulcers in the terminal ileum, consistent with intestinal Behcet’s disease. …”
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