Follistatin Alleviates Synovitis and Articular Cartilage Degeneration Induced by Carrageenan by Jun Yamada, Kunikazu Tsuji, Kazumasa Miyatake, Yu Matsukura, Kahaer Abula, Makiko Inoue, Ichiro Sekiya, Takeshi Muneta

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Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Potential for Cell-Based Therapy of Cartilage Defects by Long Chen, Lang Li, Fei Xing, Jing Peng, Kun Peng, Yuanzheng Wang, Zhou Xiang

“…Twelve weeks after the injection, the histologic analyses (HE, toluidine blue, and Masson trichrome staining), immunohistochemistry (aggrecan and collagen II), and histologic grade of the sample indicated that hUSCs-HA could stimulate much more neocartilage formation compared with hUSCs alone, pure HA, and saline, which only induced the modest cartilage regeneration. In this study, we demonstrated that hUSCs could be a potential cell source for stem cell therapies to treat cartilage-related defects in the future.…”
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Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Chondrocytes for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Mir Sadat-Ali, Abdallah S. AlOmran, Sulaiman A. AlMousa, Hasan N. AlSayed, Khalid W. AlTabash, Mohammed Q. Azam, Tarek M. Hegazi, Sadananda Acharya

“…To assess the cartilage regeneration of the damaged cartilage, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used. …”
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Biphasic biomimetic scaffolds based on a regionally decalcified bone framework and pre-chondrogenic microspheres for osteochondral defect repair by Zhuo Liang, Qingqing Pan, Fei Xue, Jingdi Zhang, Zhenlin Fan, Weiyun Wang, Xueqiang Guo, Zhuang Qian, Yaping Shen, Wenjuan Song, Lei Wang, Guangdong Zhou, Yong He, Wenjie Ren

“…Incorporation of PCMs into the cartilage layer created a microenvironment that promoted cartilage regeneration while axitinib was modified to inhibit vascularization and enhance cartilage regeneration. …”
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The Effect of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Cartilage Repair in Rabbits by Hongwei Yang, Meng Cong, Weixiao Huang, Jin Chen, Min Zhang, Xiaosong Gu, Cheng Sun, Huilin Yang

“…In rabbits with articular cartilage defects, local administration with hBMSC-EXOs facilitates cartilage regeneration as evidenced by gross view and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Saf-O/Fast Green staining. …”
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Production of Adult Human Synovial Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stirred-Suspension Culture by Kristen D. Jorgenson, David A. Hart, Roman Krawetz, Arindom Sen

“…The chondrogenic potential of synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SF-MSCs) supports their use in cartilage regeneration strategies. However, their paucity in synovial fluid necessitates their proliferation in culture to generate clinically relevant quantities. …”
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Different Chondrogenic Potential among Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Diverse Origin Primary Cells by Yeri Alice Rim, Yoojun Nam, Narae Park, Hyerin Jung, Yeonsue Jang, Jennifer Lee, Ji Hyeon Ju

“…In the context of chondrogenic propensity, CBMC-derived hiPSCs can be a fairly good candidate cell source for cartilage regeneration. The differentiation of hiPSCs into chondrocytes may help develop “cartilage in a dish” in the future. …”
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Characterization and miRNA Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Multipotential Stromal Cells (MSCs) by Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez, Rachel E. Crossland, Monica Reis, Hemant Pandit, Xiao-nong Wang, Elena Jones

“…These EVs could therefore mediate the cross-talk between the SB and cartilage in OA potentially modulating chondrocyte viability and endogenous cartilage regeneration.…”
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Emerging Strategies in Cartilage Repair and Joint Preservation by Mircea Adrian Focsa, Sorin Florescu, Armand Gogulescu

“…In response, regenerative medicine has developed advanced therapeutic strategies, including cell-based therapies, gene editing, and bioengineered scaffolds, to promote cartilage regeneration and restore joint function. This narrative review aims to explore the latest developments in cartilage repair techniques, focusing on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, gene-based interventions, and biomaterial innovations. …”
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Human Suprapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Chondrogenesis and Cartilage Repair in a Model of Severe Osteoarthritis by Ignacio Muñoz-Criado, Jose Meseguer-Ripolles, Maravillas Mellado-López, Ana Alastrue-Agudo, Richard J Griffeth, Jerónimo Forteza-Vila, Ramón Cugat, Montserrat García, Victoria Moreno-Manzano

“…Cartilage degeneration is associated with degenerative bone and joint processes in severe osteoarthritis (OA). Spontaneous cartilage regeneration is extremely limited. Often the treatment consists of a partial or complete joint implant. …”
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Cell-free osteoarthritis treatment with dual-engineered chondrocyte-targeted extracellular vesicles derived from mechanical loading primed mesenchymal stem cells by Peng Wang, Haiyue Zhao, Wei Chen, Yuhui Guo, Shuo Zhang, Xin Xing, Shuai Yang, Fengkun Wang, Juan Wang, Zengwu Shao, Yingze Zhang

“…Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising for promoting cartilage regeneration, their clinical application is limited by inconsistent therapeutic effects and insufficient targeting capabilities. …”
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Effects of different microfracture drilling parameters on bone quality: a finite element analysis by Jiayi Luo, Jiayi Luo, Zihao Zou, Qiang Zou, Qiang Zou, Siwei Luo, Jialin He, Chuan Ye, Chuan Ye

“…BackgroundMicrofracture drilling is a surgical technique that involves creating multiple perforations in areas of cartilage defects to recruit stem cells from the bone marrow, thereby promoting cartilage regeneration in the knee joint. Increasing the exposed bone marrow surface area (more holes in the same area) can enhance stem cell outflow. …”
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Pathologically altered articular cartilage attracts intense chondrocyte invasion into the extracellular matrix: in vitro pilot study by Victoria A. Shestakova, Ilya D. Klabukov, Ilya V. Kolobaev, Longfeng Rao, Dmitry A. Atiakshin, Michael A. Ignatyuk, Mikhail E. Krasheninnikov, Bagavdin G. Ahmedov, Sergey A. Ivanov, Peter V. Shegay, Andrey D. Kaprin, Denis S. Baranovskii

“…The obtained data on cartilage regeneration were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. …”
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The Application of Bioreactors for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Advances, Limitations, and Future Perspectives by Liwei Fu, Pinxue Li, Hao Li, Cangjian Gao, Zhen Yang, Tianyuan Zhao, Wei Chen, Zhiyao Liao, Yu Peng, Fuyang Cao, Xiang Sui, Shuyun Liu, Quanyi Guo

“…Tissue engineering (TE) has brought new hope for articular cartilage regeneration, as TE can provide structural and functional substitutes for native tissues. …”
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Clinical-grade extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells: preclinical development and first-in-human intra-articular validation as therapeutics f... by Aliosha I. Figueroa-Valdés, Patricia Luz-Crawford, Yeimi Herrera-Luna, Nicolás Georges-Calderón, Cynthia García, Hugo E. Tobar, María Jesús Araya, José Matas, Darío Donoso-Meneses, Catalina de la Fuente, Jimena Cuenca, Eliseo Parra, Fernando Lillo, Cristóbal Varela, María Ignacia Cádiz, Rolando Vernal, Alexander Ortloff, Gino Nardocci, Verónica Castañeda, Catalina Adasme-Vidal, Maximiliano Kunze-Küllmer, Yessia Hidalgo, Francisco Espinoza, Maroun Khoury, Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda

“…In an OA mouse model, sEV injected intra-articularly (IA) induced hyaline cartilage regeneration, validated by histological and μCT analyses. …”
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Polymerized-Type I Collagen Downregulates Inflammation and Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Following Arthroscopic Lavage: A Randomized,... by Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda, Guadalupe Lima, Luis Llorente, Carlos Nuñez-Álvarez, Blanca H. Ruiz-Ordaz, Santiago Echevarría-Zuno, Virgilio Hernández-Cuevas

“…Polymerized-type I collagen (polymerized collagen) is a downmodulator of inflammation and cartilage regenerator biodrug. Aim. To evaluate the effect of intraarticular injections of polymerized collagen after arthroscopic lavage on inflammation and clinical improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). …”
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