Assessing the readability, quality and reliability of responses produced by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity regarding most frequently asked keywords about low back pain by Erkan Ozduran, Volkan Hancı, Yüksel Erkin, İlhan Celil Özbek, Vugar Abdulkerimov

“…Reliability was assessed by determining with DISCERN and Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) scales. Results The first three keywords detected as a result of Google Trend search were “Lower Back Pain”, “ICD 10 Low Back Pain”, and “Low Back Pain Symptoms”. …”
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Hearing Phenotypes of Patients with Hearing Loss Homozygous for the GJB2 c.235delc Mutation by Chang Guo, Sha-Sha Huang, Yong-Yi Yuan, Ying Zhou, Ning Wang, Dong-Yang Kang, Su-Yan Yang, Xin Zhang, Xue Gao, Pu Dai

“…The severity of hearing loss was scaled with the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). …”
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Military security in the Arctic: New threats to Russia by V. N. Konyshev, A. A. Sergunin

“…As such, it reflects the American elites’ awareness of the growing decline in the U.S. influence and the erosion of the ‘rules-based order’. …”
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Anti-GAPDH Autoantibody Is Associated with Increased Disease Activity and Intracranial Pressure in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Jingjing Sun, Xue Li, Haotian Zhou, Xiaoyun Liu, Jingjing Jia, Qizhi Xie, Sijia Peng, Xiaolin Sun, Qingwen Wang, Li Yi

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index scores were evaluated accordingly. …”
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Analysis of the IGS rRNA Region and Applicability for Leishmania (V.) braziliensis Characterization by Tayná C. de Goes, Rayana C. S. de Morais, Maria G. N. de Melo, Rômulo P. e Silva, Antônio M. Rezende, Milena de Paiva-Cavalcanti

“…The causative species is an important factor influencing the evolution of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Due to its wide distribution in endemic areas, Leishmania (V.) braziliensis is considered one of the most important species in circulation in Brazil. …”
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Bibliometric and visual analysis of suicide in aged people over the past 20 years by Shao-Kui Kan, Ying-Li Zhang, Xue-Xia Bai, Bo Peng

“…Key journals disseminating crucial research are the Journal of Affective Disorders, American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, and Lancet. …”
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Predicting complications of major head and neck oncological surgery: an evaluation of the ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator by Peter S. Vosler, Mario Orsini, Danny J. Enepekides, Kevin M. Higgins

“…Abstract Background The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) universal surgical risk calculator is an online tool intended to improve the informed consent process and surgical decision-making. …”
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Unveiling new therapeutic horizons in rheumatoid arthritis: an In-depth exploration of circular RNAs derived from plasma exosomes by Guoqing Li, Hongyi Chen, Jiacheng Shen, Yimin Ding, Jingqiong Chen, Yongbin Zhang, Mingrui Tang, Nan Xu, Yuxuan Fang

“…In this study, samples of RA patients with insufficient response to methotrexate (MTX-IR), combined use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) were followed up for half a year, and 56 circRNA samples of self-test data were stratified into training, testing, and external validation cohorts according to whether American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (ACR20) was achieved. …”
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A Long Shadow of World War II: Development of the National Security Concept in the United States by V. A. Veselov

“…Being considered as an antipode to the concept of collective security, this concept reflected the will of the US elites not only to get integrated in the existing system of international relations, but to create a new one, which would be based on the American values and would ensure the stable functioning of the US economy. …”
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The Double-Edged Sword of Third-Party Resources: Examining Use and Financial Burden of Extracurricular Tools in Medical Students [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved wit... by Dimitrios Papanagnou, Saaniya Farhan, Andres Fernandez, Meryem Guler, Drake Kienzle, Faizaan Siddique

“…Background According to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Year 2 questionnaire, the percentage of students using online medical education videos (Boards and Beyond®Sketchy Medical®, Youtube) at least once per week increased from 47.7% (2015) to 70.1% (2022). …”
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The Clinical Outcomes of Arthroscopic Tenotomy versus Tenodesis with Medium-to-Massive Rotator Cuff Tear in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study by Song K, Lu G, Cai M, Sun Q

“…At 3 and 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant-Murley score (CS score), anterior shoulder pain (VAS score), elbow flexion strength and supination strength, and complications were recorded.Results: At 3 months postoperatively, ASES score, CS score and strength of elbow flexion of the tenodesis group were significantly better than those of the tenotomy group. …”
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Colonialidad, colonialismo y estudios coloniales: un enfoque comparativo de inflexión subalternista by Gustavo Verdesio

“…La otra es la propuesta teórica y práctica del Latin American Sublatern Studies Group, un colectivo mayormente integrado por estudiosos de la literatura latinoamericana residentes en Estados Unidos (John Beverley, Ileana Rodríguez y otros), cuya relativamente breve vida (aproximadamente una década) abrió caminos todavía no del todo explorados. …”
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Humanitarian Aid of the Red Cross and Other Public Organizations of the Netherlands To Soviet Russia During the Famine of 1921–1923 by G. G. Tsidenkov

“…Historiography of the famine in Soviet Russia and Ukraine 1921-23. includes a large number of scholar papers covering foreign humanitarian aid to starving population in the context of the work of such large organizations as the American Relief Administration, the Nansen Committee, etc. …”
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An updated systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of the factors associated with human visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas by Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Sarah de Farias Lelis, Thays Santos Mendonça, Daniela Dias Vasconcelos, Tiago Silveira Gontijo, Álisson Oliveira dos Santos, Lucas Edel Donato, Vinícius Silva Belo

“…Future research should be conducted with greater statistical power and using molecular diagnostic techniques, preferably involving cohort studies in diverse Latin American countries. Graphical Abstract…”
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Use of inpatient palliative care in metastatic testicular cancer patients undergoing critical care therapy: insights from the national inpatient sample by Cristina Cano Garcia, Reha-Baris Incesu, Francesco Barletta, Simone Morra, Lukas Scheipner, Andrea Baudo, Stefano Tappero, Mattia Luca Piccinelli, Zhe Tian, Fred Saad, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Carlo Terrone, Ottavio De Cobelli, Luca Carmignani, Sascha Ahyai, Nicola Longo, Derya Tilki, Alberto Briganti, Severine Banek, Luis A. Kluth, Felix K. H. Chun, Pierre I. Karakiewicz

“…In multivariable analyses, DNR status (OR 10.23, p < 0.001) and African American race/ethnicity (OR 4.69, p = 0.003) were identified as independent predictors of higher IPC use. …”
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Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Painful Temporomandibular Disorder in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos by Anne E. Sanders, Jianwen Cai, Martha L. Daviglus, Olga Garcia-Bedoya, Gary D. Slade

“…Setting: From 2008—2011, HCHS/SOL recruited 16,415 adults of Hispanic/Latino backgrounds (Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Mexican, Central/South American), through field centers located in Miami, FL; San Diego CA; Chicago, IL; and the Bronx, NY. …”
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Suboptimal Blood Pressure Control, Associated Factors, and Choice of Antihypertensive Drugs among Type 2 Diabetic Patients at KCMC, Tanzania by Gabriel W. Mbwete, Kajiru G. Kilonzo, Elichilia R. Shao, Nyasatu G. Chamba

“…Suboptimal BP was defined as BP levels≥140/90 mmHg according to the American Diabetes Association guideline published in 2018. …”
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Acute portal vein thrombosis in an isolated, blunt, minor liver injury near the porta hepatis by Onchuda Wongweerakit, Osaree Akaraborworn, Burapat Sangthong, Komet Thongkhao

“…The CT angiography of the whole abdomen revealed liver injury grade 3 in hepatic segments 2/3 and 4b (according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma classification) extending near the porta hepatis with patent hepatic and portal veins and without other solid organ injury. …”
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Hypokalaemia and outcomes in older patients hospitalized for heart failure by Miroslava Valentova, Samir Patel, Phillip H. Lam, Charles Faselis, Cherinne Arundel, Gregg C. Fonarow, Yan Cheng, Richard M. Allman, Stephan vonHaehling, Stefan D. Anker, Ali Ahmed

“…Propensity scores for consistent hypokalaemia, estimated for each of 3590 (1052 + 2538) patients, were used to assemble a matched cohort of 971 pairs of patients with consistent hypokalaemia vs. consistent normokalaemia, balanced on 54 baseline characteristics (mean age, 75 years; 60% women; 28% African American). We repeated the above process to assemble 2327 pairs of patients with discharge potassium <4.0 vs. 4.0–5.0 mmol/L and 449 pairs of patients with discharge serum potassium <3.5 vs. 4.0–5.0 mmol/L. …”
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Correlation between atherogenic index of plasma and cardiovascular disease risk across Cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome stages 0–3: a nationwide prospective cohort study... by Yaohua Hu, Yu Liang, Jian Li, Xinyang Li, Mengyuan Yu, Wenpeng Cui

“…Abstract Background The Cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome, a concept recently proposed by the American Heart Association (AHA), highlights the intricate connection between metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular illnesses. …”
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